Alexei Alexandrovich Bachruschin

Alexei Alexandrovich Bachruschin

Alexei Alexandrovich Bakhrushin ( Russian Алексей Александрович Бахрушин ; born January 31 ^{. Jul} / 12. February  1865 ^greg. In Moscow , † 7. June 1929 in Malyje Gorky at aprelevka ) was a Russian entrepreneur , patron and founder of the Moscow theater museum.

Life

Bachruschin was the son of the entrepreneur Alexander Alexejewitsch Bachruschin from the rich Bachruschin family and had two older brothers and three sisters. The mother Jelena Michailowna, born Postnikowa, also came from a merchant family and loved theater and music . Grandfather Alexei Fyodorovich Bachruschin wrote poetry , while the father mastered foreign languages. Bachruschin attended Franz Ivanovich Kreiman's private grammar school from 1876 to 1879. At the age of sixteen, Bachruschin was a regular at the Bolshoi Theater and then a friend of the actors at the Maly Theater . As a result, he tried his hand on the stage of the theater district of the summer theater Perlowka (micro rayon of Mytishchi ). To this end, he began collecting antiques, following the example of his older cousin Alexei Petrovich Bachruschin .

A.-A.-Bachruschin-Villa

In 1888, Bachruschin joined the family business, Genossenschaft Gerberei und Tuchfabrikation Alexei Bachruschin und Sons , and started business. He lived in an old villa in Samoskvorechye (uliza Bachruschina 29, 29a). However, from 1890 he devoted himself more and more to his collecting activities. He traveled a lot in Russia and other western countries. He collected theater rarities, pictures, musical instruments as well as objects of folk art , furniture and folk costumes . Many directors , singers and actors met in his house , such as Marija Nikolajewna Yermolowa , Fyodor Ivanovich Chalyapin , Leonid Vitalievich Sobinov , Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavski and Vladimir Ivanovich Nemirovich-Danchenko , who also brought him things for his collection. In 1894 Bachruschin presented his theater collection to the public, which was the birth of the theater museum.

Bachruschin's Theater Museum

Bachruschin married in 1895 Vera Vasilyevna Nossowa (1875-1942), daughter of the entrepreneur Vasily Dmitrijewitsch Nossow . They had three children. The eldest son Yuri Alexeyevich Bachruschin became a ballet historian . In 1896 Bachruschin had Karl Karlowitsch Hippius build a neo-Gothic mansion next to his villa (Uliza Bachruschina 31/12), in which he then housed his theater museum.

Vera Vasilievna Bachruschina ( KJ Makowski )

After the death of his eldest brother Vladimir in 1910, Bachruschin had to run the family business (until the October Revolution ). For his entrepreneurial activity he was awarded the Order of Saint Anne III. Class. He was a member of the Moscow Stock Exchange Association , a member of the Council of the Russian Theater Society, an honorary member of the Council of Yakimanka's City Board of Trustees for the Poor, and a member of the Council of the Bachruschin Brothers Hospital and Maternity Hospital.

Bachruschin was a voting member of the Moscow City Duma 1900-1916 , in which he headed the Commission for Popular Pleasures. The commission decided to set up 12 people's houses in Moscow . The first Volkshaus was opened in 1904 (Palais an der Jausa ) and from 1906 it was headed by Bachruschin, who set up a permanent theater company there, including Ivan Ilyich Mosschuchin . In 1915, Bachruschin was given overall management of the people's houses.

From 1904 the Bachruschin family lived in the rented dacha of the writer Nikolai Dmitrijewitsch Teleschow in Malachowka . There Bachruschin initiated the establishment of a grammar school with his own financial contribution. In 1909 the Academy of Sciences showed interest in Bachruschin's theater museum. Bachruschin then donated his theater museum to the Academy of Sciences with a ceremonial handover in 1913. A museum board was formed with Bachruschin at the head, who was the museum's honorary curator until his death. In the same year 1913, Bachruschin bought the mansion Afinejewo ( Ujesd Wereja ), which was rebuilt by Ilya Evgrafowitsch Bondarenko . In 1915 he received the Order of St. Vladimir IV class. When the Afinejewo mansion burned down in 1916 , the Bachruschins moved to a rented dacha in the neighboring village of Malyje Gorki .

Bachruschin remained director of the theater museum even after the October Revolution until his death. He was buried in Moscow's Vagankovo ​​Cemetery .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} А.А. Бахрушин (accessed May 11, 2018).
2. ↑ Энциклопедия Российского купечества: БАХРУШИН Алексей Александрович (1865–1929) (accessed May 11, 2018).
3. ↑ 31 января 1865 г. - Алексей Александрович Бахрушин (accessed May 11, 2018).
4. ↑ БАХРУШИНСКИЙ МУЗЕЙ . In: Great Soviet Encyclopedia . tape V , 1927, p. 98 ( Wikisource [accessed May 11, 2018]).
5. ↑ ТЕАТРА́ЛЬНЫЙ МУЗЕ́Й (accessed on May 11, 2018).