Wereja
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Wereja
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Wereja ( Russian Верея́ ) is a small town with 5368 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) in Moscow Oblast , Russia . It is located on the right bank of the Protva , 111 km southwest of Moscow and around 40 km from the Naro-Fominsk Rajon center . The closest city at 20 km is Moshaisk .
history
Wereja was first mentioned in 1371 and is one of the oldest places in western Moscow Oblast. In the Russian language of the 14th century, the name of the city meant something like "forest".
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The first mention was in connection with a failed Lithuanian campaign against Moscow . Wereja and some surrounding places were heavily devastated. Due to its location west of Moscow, Wereja, which was attached to Moscow in 1382, was also targeted several times over the next few decades. It was devastated by Tatars in 1410 and by Poland-Lithuania at the beginning of the 17th century .
In the 18th century, Wereja became a flourishing trading and craft town. At that time it was intensively built with stone houses and churches, some of which have been preserved to this day. The administrative reform under Catherine the Great in the 1780s gave a further boost to development . Here Wereja received city rights and a general plan for predominantly classicistic development. At that time, Verya was one of the largest cities in the Moscow region.
During the war against Napoleon in 1812 , Wereja was again the scene of fighting and at times under French control. When the French withdrew after the battle of Malojaroslavets in October 1812, the French stopped in Wereja and devastated the city.
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, Wereja essentially lost its importance for trade, especially since it was not connected to the rail network in the course of the busy railway construction in Russia. Since then, Wereja has been dominated by agriculture. In the Battle of Moscow during the Second World War, Wereja was temporarily occupied by Army Group Center and was liberated on January 19, 1942.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1926 | 3400 |
| 1939 | 4856 |
| 1959 | 6413 |
| 1970 | 6197 |
| 1979 | 6015 |
| 1989 | 5606 |
| 2002 | 4957 |
| 2010 | 5368 |
Note: census data (1926 rounded)
Attractions
- Remnants of the medieval Kremlin
- Nativity Church (1552, bell tower 1802)
- Former Spassky Monastery (1670s)
- Apparition Church (1777)
- Prophet Elijah Church (1803)
- Old Orthodox Mother of God Protection and Intercession Church (1907)
- Local museum
Economy and Transport
To this day, agriculture is mainly practiced in Wereja and the surrounding area. There is little industry in the city with a textile factory and processing plants for agricultural raw materials.
Important traffic connections exist via the northern Moshaisk , where there is a connection to the M1 trunk road and the Moscow – Smolensk railway line . The A108 ring road runs about 15 km east of Wereja .
Personalities
- Michael Friedrich Adams (1780–1838), botanist, died in Wereja
- Alexei Ewert (1857–1926), army general, died in Wereja
- Konstantin Rudakow (* 1954 in Wereja), mathematician
- Alexander Chekalin (* 1947 in Wereja), Deputy Interior Minister of Russia 2004–2008
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
Web links
- Wereja on mojgorod.ru (Russian)
