Dubna (Moscow)

city Dubna Дубна flag coat of arms Federal district Central Russia Oblast Moscow Urban district Dubna mayor Valery Proch Founded 1947 City since 1956 surface 70  km² population 70,663 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1009 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 125  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 49621 Post Code 141980-141986 License Plate 50, 90, 150, 190, 750 OKATO 46 418 Website www.naukograd-dubna.ru Geographical location Coordinates 56 ° 45 '  N , 37 ° 9'  E Coordinates: 56 ° 45 '0 "  N , 37 ° 9' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Moscow Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Dubna ( Russian Дубна́ ) is a city in the northern Moscow Oblast in Russia with 70,663 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

location

The city is located in the far north of Moscow Oblast near its border with Tver Oblast . The distance to Moscow is about 120 kilometers, the nearest cities are Kimry (25 kilometers northeast of Dubna), Taldom (25 kilometers east) and Konakowo (25 kilometers west). Dubna is the only city in Moscow Oblast located on the Volga , which flows from the Ivankovo ​​reservoir in the western part of the city . The northern starting point of the Moscow Canal is also located in Dubna . A few kilometers below the city, the eponymous river Dubna flows into the Volga from the right.

history

In Zamostje 2 near Dubna, an international team of archaeologists discovered his nets and fish fences that are more than 7,500 years old . Zamostje 2 contains archaeological horizons from the Middle and Neolithic .

According to written documents, the first settlement in today's Dubna area could have existed as early as the time of Grand Duke Yuri Dolgoruki . However, it was destroyed in a war with the Novgorod Republic in 1216 . Two villages later emerged here, but they were of no importance until the middle of the 20th century.

The scientist's house in Dubna

The present city was laid out in 1947 and named after the Volga tributary of the same name. The reason for the establishment of the Dubno workers' settlement was the construction of the Moscow-Volga Canal, the Ivankovo ​​reservoir and the adjacent hydroelectric power station . After the Second World War , plans arose to build an institute for nuclear research with a particle accelerator in the future city . The fact that Dubna was chosen as the location is not only due to its proximity to Moscow, but also to the presence of the hydropower plant, which was supposed to ensure the most stable and autonomous energy supply possible. The accelerator was put into operation in December 1949.

From 1946 to 1954, German aircraft manufacturers and their families also settled in Podberesje - today the Dubna 3 district north of the Volga - (see Ossawakim campaign ).

On July 24, 1956, Dubna, now numbering around 10,000 inhabitants, was officially declared a city. On September 22, 1956, the city previously belonging to Tver Oblast became a rajon-free city within Moscow Oblast. At the same time, the villages of Alexandrowka, Jurkino, Koslaki and Ratmino as well as the Bolshaya Volga part of the Ivankowo settlement located on the right of the Volga not far from the dam were incorporated into Dubna; Ivankovo ​​was created in connection with the construction of the dam and the Moscow-Volga Canal from 1934 and from 1937 had the status of an urban-type settlement . On May 22, 1958, Ivankowo itself became a city and transferred from Tver Oblast to Moscow Oblast. In doing so, Bolshaya Volga came back to Ivankovo. On December 13, 1960, the cities of Ivankowo and Dubna were united under the latter name. In the 1960s and 1970s, the city and its infrastructure were greatly expanded, and by 1980 Dubna's population had risen to over 50,000.

Since 2001 the city has the status of a science city (Russian: Naukograd ) due to its research facilities .

Population development

year	Residents	comment
1939	9,904	Ivankovo
1959	32,626	of which Ivankowo 18,617, 14,009 Dubna
1970	43,674
1979	54,886
1989	65,805
2002	60,951
2010	70,663

Note: census data

education and Science

Dubna is home to the globally recognized United Institute for Nuclear Research (abbreviation: JINR), consisting of seven institutes with 5000 employees, of which 1200 scientists and 2000 engineers (2011).

Among other things, numerous new chemical elements (so-called  transuranic elements , transactinoids ) were produced here for the first time, such as nobelium ( atomic number Z = 102, 1957/68), rutherfordium (Z = 104, 1964), dubnium (Z = 105, 1967) - named after the nuclear research center in Dubna, Seaborgium (Z = 106, 1974), Livermorium (Z = 116, 2001), Oganesson (Z = 118, 2006) or most recently Tenness (Z = 117, 2010), which establishes its international reputation.
On May 30, 2012, the element with the atomic number 114 discovered in the institute in 1999 was named Flerovium ( island of stability ) by the International Union for Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) founded in 1919 . The renowned physicist , founder and long-time head of the Laboratory for Nuclear Reactions at the United Institute for Nuclear Research Georgi Nikolajewitsch Fljorow , who documented spontaneous nuclear fission as early as 1939, was honored with the name "Flerovium" . In Dubna he discovered proton radioactivity in 1963 and, as a physicist and head of the institute, is considered to have discovered new elements of the periodic table . Since 1993 the JINR has awarded the Flerov Prize (after Georgi N. Fljorow) for nuclear physics and since 1995 the Bruno Pontecorvo Prize (after Bruno Pontecorvo ) for elementary particle physics .

The main university in the city is Dubna State University . There is also a branch of the Moscow State Institute for Telecommunications, Electronics and Automation in Dubna.

Economy and Infrastructure

Hydroelectric power station on the Ivankowo reservoir

The city's economy is closely linked to the research institutions. Important industrial companies are an equipment and a machine factory. In addition, a design office (OKB) for cruise missiles is located in the Podberesje district , where Brunolf Baade also worked. Dubna is a designated special economic zone for the "introduction of innovative technology".

When the city was built in the 1940s, a branch line was laid from the Moscow – Kimry railway to a railway connection. This means that there are regular regional connections with Moscow ( Zavyolovo train station ). The shipping traffic on the Ivankovo ​​Reservoir, the Volga and the Moscow-Volga Canal is also important for Dubna.

Personalities

• Alexander Samolodtschikow (* 1952), physicist
• Alexander Bereznyak (1912–1974), rocket designer

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ 2010, ref. in phys. Rev. Lett. 194.142502
3. ↑ iupac.org: "Element 114 is Named Flerovium and Element 116 is Named Livermorium" (May 30, 2012; accessed on August 12, 2014)
4. ↑ Famous People of the City. Retrieved April 5, 2018 (Russian). 

Web links

Commons : Dubna  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Unofficial city portal dubna.org (Russian)
• Entry about Dubna on mojgorod.ru (Russian)