Dolgoprudny

city Dolgoprudny Долгопрудный flag coat of arms Federal district Central Russia Oblast Moscow Urban district Dolgoprudny mayor Oleg Troitsky Founded 1931 City since 1957 surface 30.7  km² population 90,956 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 2963 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 180  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 495 Post Code 141700-141707 License Plate 50, 90, 150, 190, 750 OKATO 46 416 Website http://www.dolgoprudny.com/ Geographical location Coordinates 55 ° 56 '  N , 37 ° 30'  E Coordinates: 55 ° 56 '0 "  N , 37 ° 30' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Moscow Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Dolgoprudny ( Russian Долгопрудный ) is a city in the Russian Oblast of Moscow . It has 90,956 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) and is an important industrial and scientific location.

The city is about four kilometers north of the Moscow ring road . The Moscow Canal stretches to the west of the town , the road to Dmitrov and a line of the regional train (" Elektritschka "), which has the Dolgoprudnaja , Novodachnaja and Vodniki stops here, run along the eastern edge of the city . It is about 16 km from Moscow Savyolovo Railway Station to Dolgoprudny. To the west of the city, on the site of the former Winogradowo estate , are the Long Ponds , in Russian Dolgije prudy , which ultimately gave the city its name.

history

Until the beginning of the 1930s there were only a few small settlements in what would later become the city, including the Winogradowo estate, which at the beginning of the 17th century belonged to Gavriil Pushkin , an ancestor of the poet Alexander Pushkin .

Church of Our Lady of Kazan in Dolgoprudny

Between 1900 and 1902 the Moscow – Zavyolovo railway line was built near the manor , and a dachas settlement was built on the banks of the “Long Ponds” .

However, the impetus for the development of the city was only given by the establishment of a factory for the construction of airships in 1931. In the same year, a housing estate began to be built for the employees there, which initially consisted of one and two-storey wooden barracks without any comfort . The settlement developed rapidly and in 1935 received the status of a so-called workers' settlement . After the name of the airship yard, it was named "Dirischablestroi" (Cyrillic Дирижаблестрой, in German about "airship construction").

The specialists involved in building the airship yard included the Italian engineer and aviation pioneer Umberto Nobile , whose engagement was approved by the head of state Josef Stalin himself. In 2004 there was still an airship hangar from 1934, albeit in a desolate condition. Her roof collapsed in March 2001 under the load of snow.

In the second half of the 1930s, the city slowly left the character of a pioneer settlement behind. Water pipes were laid, a sewage system was built, and multi-storey brick houses were built. In the city center, a representative palace of culture was built in the style of Stalinist neoclassicism .

In 1937, the year the nearby Moscow-Volga Canal opened , further large-scale operations were established near the settlement. At what is now the northern end of the city, a ship repair base was set up where the Moscow fleet was to be serviced. In part, the company used the barracks that had previously been built for the forced laborers used to build the canals.

Another company that arose in connection with the canal construction was a natural stone factory that was supposed to supply the granite elements for the cladding of the elaborately designed lock and bank systems of the new canal. However, it also supplied materials for many other major construction sites, e.g. for the Moscow Metro and the promenades on the Moscow River .

At the end of the thirties, the production of the airships was gradually stopped and the settlement was renamed Dolgoprudny. On the basis of the former airship factory, an armaments factory was established, which initially produced aircraft and later rockets (today's name OAO "DNPP"). A chemical plant emerged from the former gas works that had been built to fill the airships. In 1939 Dolgoprudny had over 8,000 inhabitants.

During the Second World War , most of Dolgoprudny's industrial plants were evacuated to the Urals , while the rest of them switched their production to armaments. The German troops moved within a few kilometers of the village. However, the city was not taken by the Wehrmacht.

Campus of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology in Dolgoprudny

After the Second World War, the city's rapid growth continued. Further industrial companies emerged and the Moscow Physical-Technical Institute was opened, which soon rose to become one of the leading technical universities in the USSR. The institute's staff included the Nobel laureate in physics, Pyotr Leonidowitsch Kapiza . In 1959 Dolgoprudny already had 25,000 inhabitants.

From 1969 high nine- and sixteen-story apartment blocks were built in the city, which shape the face of the city today.

economy

A large number of industrial companies are based in Dolgoprudny, including a chemical plant, the defense company OAO DNPP and the building materials manufacturer OAO MKK. The city is also the seat of the local transport company Mostransawto, which is responsible for Moscow Oblast .

sons and daughters of the town

• Viktor Potapov (1947-2017), sailing enthusiast
• Elina Swerawa (* 1960), Belarusian discus thrower
• Wiktor Rybin (* 1962), musician, singer, founder of the Russian rock band Djuna
• Marina Khlebnikova (* 1965), pop singer
• Jelena Schemajewa (* 1971), fencer
• Marija Aronowa (* 1972), theater and film actress
• Jelena Buruchina (* 1977), cross-country skier
• Darja Chalturina (* 1979), historian and sociologist

literature

• Janin et al .: Goroda Podmoskowja , Volume 1, Moscow 1979
• Tjuftjakowa, E .: Moj gorod Dolgoprudny - istoritscheskij otscherk (Electronic Resource)
• Enzyklopedija Dolgoprudnogo (DVD and online resource, see web links)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)

Web links

Commons : Dolgoprudny  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Official website of the city
• Information portal about Dolgoprudny
• “Enzyklopedija Dolgoprudnogo” - extensive collection of materials on Dolgoprudny's history
• Dolgoprudny on mojgorod.ru