Alfred Bisanz

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Alfred Bisanz (before 1929, copyrights unclear)

Alfred Bisanz , Ukrainian Альфред Бізанц , (born November 15, 1890 in Przemyśl , Galicia , Austria-Hungary ; died October 1, 1951 in Moscow ) was an Austrian professional soldier and Ukrainian politician and soldier.

Life

Bisanz was the son of German-speaking parents who had Huguenot colonists among their ancestors . He joined the Austrian army as a cadet in 1906 and took part in the First World War, most recently with the rank of colonel . After the defeat of the Central Powers , like other officers, he looked for a new job. In the Polish-Ukrainian War of 1918/19 he was deputy commander and chief of staff in the Lviv 7th Brigade of the Ukrainian Army of the West Ukrainian People's Republic . He was one of the organizers of the Chortkiv offensive in June 1919 and was promoted to Ukrainian colonel after its temporary success. After the territory was conquered by the Soviet Russian Red Army in January 1920 and the Ukrainian People's Republic was proclaimed , he became the commander of a brigade in the Red Army. In 1920 he took part on the side of the Soviets in the Polish-Soviet War , which, however, ended with Galicia becoming Polish. In the following years, Bisanz withdrew to his estate, which was now in Polish Galicia .

After the German conquest of Poland in 1939 and the partition of Poland between the German Reich and the Soviet Union , Bisanz left Lemberg, which had been handed over to the Soviets, together with the German Wehrmacht . In occupied Poland he was appointed by the Germans to the administration of the General Government. There he headed the “Department for Ukrainian Issues” in the “Department of Population and Internal Affairs”. He was also used by the Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle for the resettlement of the Galician Germans agreed with the USSR .

After the outbreak of the German-Soviet war in 1941, he returned to Lemberg, which was now again occupied by the Germans. He sent an appeal from former Austro-Ukrainian officers to Andrij Melnyk (1890–1964) to Hitler for the formation of a Ukrainian brigade on the German side.

Of Galicia was in managing the General Government as a district of Galicia integrated and in -circuit master teams divided. Bisanz became head of the Ukrainian department in the district administration under the governor Otto Wächter and head of the subdivision “Population and Welfare” under the head of internal administration Otto Bauer . In 1941 Bisanz joined the NSDAP . In January 1942 he was to receive a 175-hectare estate in the Bielitz district occupied by the Germans , which, on the instructions of Fritz Arlt, was exchanged for a 262-hectare estate in Rudze that was owned by Poland. Bisanz acquired this property in November 1944, which had previously been managed by the “Reich Society for Land Management in the Integrated Eastern Regions”.

In the district administration, the “Department for Population and Welfare” was responsible for the so-called resettlement of Jews, in reality their extermination, alongside the police department . Orders to the Jewish councils of the ghettoized population were also signed by Bisanz, for example on March 26, 1942. From June 1942, his department was apparently only responsible for maintaining so-called welfare but no longer for organizing the deportations. Nevertheless, in September 1942, Lothar Weirauch , the head of the “Population and Welfare” department in the Krakow government of the Generalgouvernement , found out about the so-called Jewish actions in the district personally from Bisanz. In June 1943 he introduced the members of the Ukrainian Main Committee and the members of the Ukrainian Defense Committee to Governor General Hans Frank in Lemberg .

In 1943 Bisanz changed to the rank of SS-Sturmbannführer (Major) as head of the Galician Defense Committee in the staff of the Galician SS Division . Bisanz accompanied the governor Wächter on business trips, such as a trip through the district on April 9, 1944.

At the end of the war, Bisanz fled to Vienna . In the city ​​occupied by the four victorious powers , he was arrested by the NKVD in the Soviet sector in 1946 and deported to the Soviet Union. The circumstances of his arrest, his trial and his further fate have not been clarified. He probably died in Moscow's Lubyanka prison in 1951 .

literature

  • Thomas Sandkühler: Final solution in Galicia. The murder of Jews in Eastern Poland and the rescue initiatives of Berthold Beitz 1941–1944 . Bonn: Dietz successor, 1996 ISBN 3-8012-5022-9
  • Dieter Pohl : National Socialist Persecution of Jews in East Galicia, 1941–1944 . Munich: Oldenbourg, 1997, ISBN 3-486-56233-9
  • Franziska Bruder: “Fight for the Ukrainian state or die!”: The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) 1929–1948 . Berlin: Metropol, 2007 ISBN 978-3-938690-33-8 Zugl .: Berlin, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2005
  • Frank Grelka: The Ukrainian national movement under German occupation in 1918 and 1941/42 . Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2005 ISBN 3-447-05259-7
  • Ray Brandon (Ed.): The Shoah in Ukraine history, testimony, memorialization . Bloomington: Indiana Univ. Press, 2010 ISBN 978-0-253-22268-8

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A service photo from the Second World War in the Russian-language Wikipedia: ru: Файл: Альфред Бизанц.jpg , observe copyrights
  2. ↑ a b c d e Thomas Sandkühler: Final solution in Galizien , 1996, p. 450f
  3. ^ Frank Golczewski : Germans and Ukrainians 1914–1939 . Paderborn: Schöningh 2012, p. 369, fn. 33
  4. ↑ a b c Event report USSR No. 15 , in: Klaus-Michael Mallmann u. a. (Ed.): The “Event Reports USSR” 1941. Documents of the Einsatzgruppen in the Soviet Union . WBG, Darmstadt 2011, p. 89ff
  5. ↑ Dieter Pohl: National Socialist Persecution of Jews in East Galicia , 1997, p. 79
  6. ↑ Dieter Pohl: National Socialist Persecution of Jews in East Galicia , 1997, p. 185
  7. ↑ Dieter Pohl: National Socialist Persecution of Jews in East Galicia , 1997, p. 280f
  8. ↑ Dieter Pohl: National Socialist Persecution of Jews in East Galicia , 1997, p. 281
  9. ↑ Werner Präg, Wolfgang Jacobmeyer (ed.): The service diary of the German Governor General in Poland 1939-1945 . Publications of the Institute for Contemporary History , Sources and Representations on Contemporary History Volume 20, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-421-01700-X , p. 695
  10. ↑ Dieter Pohl: National Socialist Persecution of Jews in East Galicia , 1997, p. 381, fn. 163
  11. ↑ Dieter Pohl: National Socialist Persecution of Jews in East Galicia , 1997, p. 390f
personal data
SURNAME Bisanz, Alfred
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Бізанц, Альфред (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian professional soldier and Ukrainian politician and soldier
DATE OF BIRTH November 15, 1890
PLACE OF BIRTH Przemyśl , Galicia , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH October 1, 1951
Place of death Moscow