Alice Eastwood

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Alice Eastwood

Alice Eastwood (born January 19, 1859 in Toronto , † October 30, 1953 in San Francisco ) was an American botanist of Canadian descent. Your official botanical author abbreviation is " Eastw. "

Live and act

Alice Eastwood was the daughter of shopkeeper Colin Skinner Eastwood and Eliza Jane Gowdey Eastwood. Her mother died when she was six years old. For a while she lived with an uncle who aroused her interest in botany. In 1873 she moved to her father in Denver and graduated from Denver East High School in 1879 , where she taught for the next ten years.

In 1881 she accompanied Alfred Russel Wallace to the Rocky Mountains and in that year also met Asa Gray . With the help of his A Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States and John Merle Coulter's Manual of Rocky Mountain Botany , she studied the flora of Colorado for ten years . In 1890 she toured the east coast of the United States and a year later southern California , where she met Katharine and Townshend Stith Brandegee . In the winter of 1891/1892 she worked for several months as assistant to the herbarium of the California Academy of Sciences and finally moved to San Francisco in 1892 . At the California Academy of Sciences in 1884, after Katherine Brandegee had retired, she became a curator and head of the botany department.

In 1906, during the severe earthquake in San Francisco , she was able to save the type collection of the herbarium from the outbreak of fires, which, contrary to the usual practice at the time, she had kept separate from the rest of the collection. The following six years, during which the Academy was rebuilt, was spent in a number of herbaria in Europe and the United States, including the Gray Herbarium , the New York Botanical Garden , the British Museum in London and the Royal Botanic Garden in Kew . After restoring the academy's buildings and facilities at Golden Gate Park in 1912, she devoted herself to rebuilding the destroyed collection. In addition, she made numerous trips to the western US states, including Alaska , Arizona , Utah and Idaho . In 1949 she retired from her position as curator. Alice Eastwood remained unmarried and died at the age of 94.

Honors

  • There are currently seventeen recognized species named after Eastwood ( Gustaf Eisen named the earthworm Mesenchytraeus eastwoodi after her (Eisen 1904).)
  • Townshend Stith Brandegee named Alice Eastwood in honor of the genus Eastwoodia of the daisy family (Asteraceae). August Brand named after their genus Aliciella the plant family of polemoniaceae (Polemoniaceae).
  • She has been a member of the California Academy of Sciences (CAS) since 1892 and was unanimously elected an honorary member of the academy in 1942.
  • In 1959, CAS opened the Eastwood Hall of Botany.
  • In 1903, she was one of only two women named one-star on the American Men of Science list as one of the top 25 percent of professionals in their field.
  • In recognition of her achievements, the American Fuchsia Society awarded her the Medal of Achievement in 1949.
  • She was honored with the binomial name Boletus eastwoodiae , an attractive but poisonous tubule of western North America, which she collected. However, due to an incorrect identification of the type material, this was renamed Boletus pulcherrimus . It still bears the English name of Alice Eastwood's bolete.

Fonts

Alice Eastwood has published over 300 articles and reviews in a variety of magazines. She was editor of the magazine Zoe (since 1891) and co-editor of Erythea . Together with John Thomas Howell (1903-1994) she published the Leaflets of Western Botany from 1932 .

proof

literature

  • Keir Brooks Sterling, Lorne F. Hammond: Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists . 1997, pp. 235-236. ISBN 0313230471

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Fredrik Sjöberg : The Raisin King. About the unconditional devotion to strange passions . Galiani, Berlin 2011, p. 139.
  2. ↑ Zoe. A Biological Journal Volume 4, 1894, p. 397, plate 30
  3. ↑ August Brand: Aliciella, a new genus of the Polemoniaceen . In: Helios. Treatises and monthly communications from the general field of natural sciences . Volume 22, Berlin 1905
  4. ^ Biography of Alice Eastwood . Bristlecone chapter, CNPS. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
  5. ↑ A Dictionary of the Fushcia - Eastwood, Alice . Fushcias in the City. 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
  6. ↑ Thiers HD, Halling RE: California Boletes V: Two New Species of Boletus . In: Mycologia, Vol. 68, No. 5 (Ed.): Mycologia . 68, No. 5, 1976, pp. 976-83. doi : 10.2307 / 3758713 .
  7. ^ Eastwood, Alice, 1859-1953, Biographical History . California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved March 7, 2015.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Eastwood, Alice
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American botanist of Canadian descent
DATE OF BIRTH January 19, 1859
PLACE OF BIRTH Toronto
DATE OF DEATH October 30, 1953
Place of death San Francisco