Alpine buttercup

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Alpine buttercup
Alpine buttercup (Ranunculus alpestris)

Alpine buttercup ( Ranunculus alpestris )

Systematics
Order : Buttercups (Ranunculales)
Family : Buttercup Family (Ranunculaceae)
Subfamily : Ranunculoideae
Tribe : Ranunculeae
Genre : Buttercup ( Ranunculus )
Type : Alpine buttercup
Scientific name
Ranunculus alpestris
L.

The Alpine buttercup ( Ranunculus alpestris ) is a species of the genus buttercup ( Ranunculus ) in the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). It is common in the European mountains.

description

Flowers in detail with the five white petals, many yellow stamens and many green carpels

Vegetative characteristics

The alpine buttercup is a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant that usually reaches heights of 5 to 1, rarely up to 20 centimeters. The stem is furrowed and bare.

There are mostly only basal leaves that are petiolate and a round to kidney-shaped, three- to five-lobed leaf blade with heart-shaped leaves. Own Spreitengrund. If there are stem leaves, then they are simple and narrowly linear.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to September. There is usually only one or rarely up to three flowers per stem. The hermaphrodite, radial symmetry flowers have a diameter of 2 to 2.5 centimeters. The five free sepals are bald or hairy white. The five free petals are white, heart-shaped and edged. numerous yellow stamens and many carpels .

There are many nuts that are puffed up, about 2 millimeters long and about 1.5 millimeters wide.

There is diploidy with the number of chromosomes 2n = 16.

ecology

The alpine buttercup is set up for long snow cover. It develops leaves under the snow cover and unfolds them immediately after they have faded . Chamois like to eat the hot-tasting leaves . This type of plant is therefore popularly known as Gamskress, as is the round-leaved pocket herb ( Thlaspi rotundifolium ). Hunters hope for a head for heights similar to that of the chamois (Jagerblättle) by consuming the leaves.

Like all other buttercups, the Alpine buttercup is poisonous.

Alpine buttercup on slate

Occurrence

The alpine buttercup is common in the Alps , Carpathians , Pyrenees and the Apennines . The Alpine buttercup thrives best on calcareous raw soil with long snow cover . It occurs at altitudes mostly from 1300 to 3000 meters, but also at lower altitudes above 600 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it thrives at altitudes between 1400 and 2500 meters, rarely lower. He is in Central Europe a characteristic species caeruleae the Association Arabi Dion.

use

The alpine buttercup is rarely used as an ornamental plant for rock gardens. The 'Annemarie' ('Flore Peno)' variety has double flowers.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jaakko Jalas, Juha Suominen: Atlas florae europaeae. Volume 8 - Nymphaeaceae to Ranunculaceae - page 190, Helsinki 1989, ISBN 951-9108-07-6 .
  2. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 549.
  3. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas. 8th edition. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 . Page 415–416.
  4. ^ Eckehart J. Jäger, Friedrich Ebel, Peter Hanelt, Gerd K. Müller (eds.): Rothmaler Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Volume 5: Herbaceous ornamental and useful plants. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Berlin Heidelberg 2008, ISBN 978-3-8274-0918-8 , p. 146.

Web links

Commons : Alpine buttercup ( Ranunculus alpestris )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files