Alpine calf's head
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Alpine calf's crop ( Chaerophyllum villarsii ) |
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| WDJKoch |
The Alpine calf goiter ( Chaerophyllum villarsii ) is a species of plant belonging to the genus Calf goiters ( Chaerophyllum ) within the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).
description
Appearance and foliage leaf
The alpine calf's head grows as a strong, persistent and herbaceous plant with heights of up to 120 centimeters. The almost upright stems branch out at an acute angle. Stems and leaves are almost bare or more or less stiff (bristly) hairy ( trichomes ).
The alternate leaves are divided into leaf sheath , petiole and leaf blade. The compound leaf blades are pinnate several times. The leaflets are narrow and pointed. The sections of the lowest pair of plumage of the 1st order are much smaller than the rest of the blade. Stipules are absent.
Inflorescence, flower and fruit
The flowering period extends from June to August. The flowers are in double-gold inflorescences with upwardly curved rays and often different, back-curved bracts .
The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The sepals are missing. The five mostly white or slightly pink petals are edged and clearly ciliate.
The Doppelachänen are with a length of 8 to 20 millimeters, narrowly egg-shaped-elongated and gradually taper downwards. They have broad, rounded ribs, each with an oil streak . The fruit holder divides into two legs at half its length up to near the base, with the lower, undivided section being much shorter than the legs.
Chromosome set
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
Occurrence
The alpine calf's goiter is native to Spain , France , Germany , Italy , Switzerland , Liechtenstein , Austria , Slovenia , Croatia and Albania . It can be found in southern Finland as a neophyte .
He is in Central Europe, a characteristic species of the association Adenostylion.
The occurrences in Germany are limited to the extreme south of Bavaria in the region of the Bavarian Alps . In the Allgäu Alps, he climbed in the Tyrolean part of the Hermann-von-Barth hut at altitudes of up to 2130 meters.
The alpine calf's goiter occurs in Austria in all federal states except Vienna and Burgenland. It can be found there on subalpine to alpine altitudes, often to scattered in sparse forests, tall herbaceous meadows, on mountain meadows and on the banks of streams.
Systematics
Chaerophyllum villarsii was in 1835 by Wilhelm Daniel Joseph Koch in Synopsis Florae Germanicae et Helveticae , Volume 1, Part 1, page 317 firstdescribed . A synonym for Chaerophyllum villarsii W.DJKoch is Chaerophyllum hirsutum subsp. villarsii (WDJKoch) Arcang.
The alpine calf's goiter, together with the beautiful calf's goiter ( Chaerophyllum elegans ) and the hairy calf's goiter ( Chaerophyllum hirsutum ), belong to a group of related species, the "Chaerophyllum hirsutum - group". In this context it was sometimes treated as a subspecies of the hairy calf's goiter ( Chaerophyllum hirsutum subsp. Villarsii (WDJKoch) Arcang. )
swell
literature
- John Francis Michael Cannon : Chaerophyllum In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1968, ISBN 0-521-06662-X , pp. 324-325 (English, limited preview in the Google book search - Chaerophyllum , "C. hirsutum - group" and Chaerophyllum villarsii - from the unchanged reprint from 2010 ( ISBN 978-0-521-15367-6 )).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Chaerophyllum villarsii WDJ Koch, Alpen-Kälberkropf. In: FloraWeb.de.
- ^ A b Manfred A. Fischer, Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 3rd, improved edition. Province of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 838 .
- ↑ a b Ralf Hand, 2011: Apiaceae. : Datasheet Chaerophyllum villarsii In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 701 .
- ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 264.
Web links
- Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
- Chaerophyllum villarsii WDJ Koch In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved January 1, 2016.
- Kälberkropf data sheet and pictures for flowers in Swabia .
- Gerhard Nitter: Chaerophyllum villarsii. (Alpine calf head). Retrieved on January 25, 2012 (homepage wild plants, plant identification, plant pictures).
- Michael Hassler, Bernd Schmitt: Chaerophyllum villarsii. (Alpine calf head). In: Flora von Deutschland - A picture database. Retrieved January 25, 2012 .