Old Town Church (Gumbinnen)
| Old Town Church (Stadtkirche) in Gumbinnen |
|
|---|---|
| Construction year: | 1719-1720 |
| Inauguration: | 1720 |
| Style elements : | Three-aisled brick building with a polygonal choir closure |
| Client: | Evangelical parish in Gumbinnen ( Church Province of East Prussia , Church of the Old Prussian Union ) |
| Location: | 54 ° 35 '27.4 " N , 22 ° 12' 9.7" E |
| Location: |
Gusew Kaliningrad , Russia |
| Purpose: | Evangelical Lutheran Parish Church |
| Local community: | Not available anymore. The church was blown up in 1944 and cleared in 1945 |
The Gumbinn Old Town Church (also: City Church ) was a building erected in 1720 and until 1945 a Lutheran parish church in the former East Prussian district town of Gumbinnen, today's Rajon capital Gussew in the Russian Oblast Kaliningrad ( Königsberg area (Prussia) ).
Geographical location
Today's Gussew is on the Russian trunk road A 229 (formerly German Reichsstrasse 1 , today also Europastrasse 28 ) at the intersection with the trunk road A 198 (27A-040, German Reichsstrasse 132 ) and the regional road R 508 (27A-027). The city is a station on the Kaliningrad – Nesterow railway line (Königsberg – Stallupönen / Ebenrode) , the former Prussian Eastern Railway , for onward travel to Moscow .
The location of the church was on the northern bank of the Pissa in the northeastern city area.
Church building
A first church building was built in Gumbinnen in 1582. A new building built under King Friedrich Wilhelm I between 1719 and 1720 was renovated and expanded in 1810/1811, where it was refurbished in classicist forms: as a plastered three-nave brick building with a polygonal choir . The tower was only erected in 1875.
The interior of the church was divided by wooden pillars. The middle of the three naves was covered with wooden cross vaults . If the aisles were initially provided with flat ceilings, they were later also covered with vaults.
Altar and pulpit were connected to one another. The church had an organ , its peal consisted of two bells that had been cast in 1749 and 1788.
The interior of the church included a chandelier that was donated in 1731 by Wilhelm Simony , the first major citizen of Gumbin . It is now in the East Prussian State Museum in Lüneburg .
The Old Town Church was destroyed in October 1944 during a Soviet air raid. After 1945 the ruins were cleared away. In 2012, the construction of a new Russian Orthodox church began on the site, and in 2016 the All Saints Church was consecrated by Patriarch Kyrill .
Parish
A Protestant parish was founded in Gumbinnen in 1545, only a short time after the introduction of the Reformation in East Prussia . Your parish comprised a total of thirty villages and places to live with the parish. Until 1634, only one pastor served here. After that, a second pastorate (so-called: diaconate) was established, but it was inactive between 1655 and 1733. A third parish office followed in 1910, after assistant preachers had already been appointed many times in the 19th century. The clergy of the old town were also responsible for the prisoner, military and hospital pastoral care.
Until 1725, the parish was part of the Insterburg inspection (today in Russian: Tschernjachowsk). Thereafter, the city of Gumbinnen, in which there was a second Lutheran church since 1752/54, the Salzburg Church as a subsidiary of the Old Town Church, with seven surrounding parishes formed its own church district Gumbinnen , which until 1945 belonged to the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . In 1925 the old town Lutheran parish had 18,000 parishioners (in addition to the new town reformed parish with 3,800 parishioners).
Due to the flight and displacement of the local population in connection with the Second World War and the subsequent restrictive religious policy of the Soviet Union , Protestant church life in Gusew collapsed.
In the 1990s, however, a new Evangelical Lutheran congregation, consisting primarily of Russian- Germans, was established here, and the restored Salzburg church has been used as a place of worship since 1995. Gusew is the seat of the parish office for the church district in the east of the Kaliningrad Oblast and is part of the Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia .
Parish places
Thirty places belonged to the extensive parish of the Gumbinn Old Town Church:
| Surname | Change name from 1938 to 1946 |
Russian name | Surname | Change name from 1938 to 1946 |
Russian name | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amber | Percale | Husarenberg | ||||
| Blumberg | Lunino | Peck | ||||
| Dauginten | Rudinn | |||||
| Friedrichsfelde | Schmilgen | |||||
| Gertschen | Gertenau | Yarovoye | Shiver | |||
| * Gumbinnen | Gusew | Serpents | ||||
| Kailen | Skardupchen | Kleinweiler | ||||
| * Kallnen | Bismarckshöh | Kalinino | Sodeiks | |||
| Kuttkuhnen | Eggenhof | Valujske | * Stannaitschen | Zweilinden | Furmanowo | |
| * Luschen | Darwino now: Furmanowo |
Bar | Hasenrode | Novorechye | ||
| Marienthal | * Szameitschen 1936–38: Schameitschen |
Samfelde | Solnechnoye | |||
| Narpgallen | Riedhof | * Thuren | Doors | Mareevka | ||
| Naujeningken | New hooves | * Waiwern | Seilhofen (East Pr.) | Novosselye, now: Pokrovskoye |
||
| * Norutschatschen | * Wilkehlen | Wilken | Pugachyovo | |||
| * Pakullauken | * Wilkoshen | Wolfseck | Grushevka |
Pastor
In exactly 400 years of existence of the Protestant parish of the Old Town Church in Gumbinnen, the following ministers officiated:
1. Pastor, partly superintendent
- NN.
- Alexander Rohd, 1582–1583
- Valentin Pusch, 1583-1620
- Johann Dembovius, 1619-1633
- Severin Wircinsius, 1633-1654
- Johann Vorhoff, 1655–1672
- Michael Mörlin, 1672-1708
- Chr. Martin Rosochatius, 1708–1709
- Christoph Rebentisch, 1709–1724
- Christoph Geystadt, 1725–1735
- Gregorius Biermann, 1735–1736
- Erhard Wolff, 1736–1759
- Gerhard Ludwig Mühlenkampf, 1759–1766
- Reinhold Ortlieb, 1766–1786
- Karl Gotthard Keber , 1787–1835
- Karl Julius Franz Hecht, 1832–1836
- Friedrich Otto Arnoldt, 1848–1850
- Eduard Gustav Albrecht, 1850–1857
- August Heinrici , 1858–1881
- Johann Theodor Hugo Rosseck, 1883–1897
- Emil Gottl. Sev. Gemmel, 1898-1929
- Friedrich Wilhelm Konrad Klatt, 1925–1945
2. Pastors / deacons
- Johann Westerus, 1634-1639
- Johann Weyda. 1640-1648
- Johann Georg Lüdemann, 1648–1653
- Johann Vorhoff, 1654–1655
- Vacancy 1655 to 1733
- Friedrich Wilhelm Haack, 1733
- Heinrich Ernst Rabe, 1734–1744
- Johann Ludwig Reidnitz, 1746–1749
- Otto Gottlieb Fiedler, 1751–1758
- Gottfried Schlemüller, 1758–1763
- Friedrich Pastenaci, 1763-1770
- Christian Reimere, 1770-1799
- Johann Jacob Contag, 1799-1816
- Georg G. Wilhelm Wegner, 1817–1823
- Johann Christlieb Krause, 1823-1825
- Carl August Jordan, 1825-1832
- Justus Julius Ludwig Mack, 1832–1846
- Franz Theodor W. Passauer, 1846–1857
- Ernst Adolf Jacob Krüger, 1857–1858
- Friedrich Heinrich Otto Hasse, 1859–1881
- Hans K. Heinrich Leidreiter, 1881
- Otto Theodor B. Petrenz, 1882–1885
- Constantin Ferdinand Paul Heinrici, 1885–1902
- Rudolf Krieger, 1902–1928
- Gustav Plitt, 1929–1945
Assistant preacher and 3rd pastor
- Carl Rudolph Jacoby, 1847-1851
- Wilhelm August Rohde, 1881–1882
- Caesar C. Em. G. Zimmer, 1882–1883
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bock, 1891-1892
- Otto Julius Winkel, 1893–1895
- Hermann Pilzecker, 1901–1902
- Ernst Siebert, 1902–1903
- Georg Dittmar, 1903–1904
- Richard Ademeit, 1906
- Hermann Adolf Richard Utecht, 1906–1907
- Otto Eichel, 1910–1911
- Heinrich Otto Johann Besch, 1912–1917
- Martin Schimmelpfennig, 1918–1945
Church records
The church registers of the old town and Salzburg churches have been preserved and are kept in the Evangelical Central Archive in Berlin-Kreuzberg :
Parish office 1:
- Baptisms: 1733-1873
- Weddings: 1765 to 1919
- Burials: 1765-1876
Parish office 2:
- Baptisms: 1765-1873
- Weddings: 1765 to 1876
- Burials: 1832-1854
Individual evidence
- ↑ Gumbinnen at GenWiki
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch , History of the Protestant Church of East Prussia , Volume 2: Pictures of East Prussian Churches , Göttingen, 1968, pp. 97–98, Figs. 413 and 414
- ^ The Gumbinner Old Town Church on the Pissaufer, around 1909
- ↑ a b Old Town Church at the Gumbinnen district community
- ^ Lost buildings in Gumbinnen at ostpreussen.net
- ↑ 11/28/2016 - Patriarch Kirill inaugurated the new church . Kaliningrader Tageblatt of November 30, 2016, accessed on August 27, 2018.
- ↑ a b Walther Hubatsch, History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia , Volume 3: Documents , Göttingen, 1968, p. 480
- ↑ a b Friedwald Moeller, Old Prussian Evangelical Pastors' Book from the Reformation to the Expulsion in 1945 , Hamburg, 1968, p. 50
- ^ AP Bachtin, Churches of East Prussia. Old and new photos. Information on history , Kaliningrad (Verlag Baltpromo) 2013, p. 35
- ↑ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty Kaliningrad ( Memento of the original dated August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ The * indicates a school location
- ^ Necrology to Carl Gotthard Keber . In: Prussian Prvinzial-Blätter . Volume 13, Königsberg 1835, pp. 413-417.
- ^ A b Member of the Littuania Corps
- ↑ Christa Stache, Directory of the Church Books in the Evangelical Central Archives in Berlin , Part I: The Eastern Church Provinces of the Evangelical Church of the Union , Berlin, 1992³, pp. 51–52
