Corps Littuania

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Oldest or youngest Koenigsberger Corps?

The Corps Littuania was a student union at the Albertus University of Königsberg . Founded in 1829, it was divided in 1848. The new corps came to the Königsberg Senior Citizens' Convention in 1894 . It was suspended in 1936 and expired in 2001. Littuania's history exemplarily reflects Germany's polarization in conservative and liberal-progressive directions in the 19th century. No other corporation has faced similar conflicts through Progress . They remained unsolved and have an impact on the families of today's descendants.

Littuania I-III

Lithuania I was founded in 1820 as a national association within the general fraternity (1819–1833) at the Albertina. The name refers to the East Prussian landscape Prussian Lithuania . Littuania had to disband in 1822 in the course of the demagogue persecution after the Karlovy Vary resolutions of August 1819. This also affected the Königsberg fraternity I, one of seven so-called generalities that were banned in December 1819. The unofficial wreaths Lithuania II (1823-1825) and Lithuania III (1827-1828) were also created in the general fraternity . The members of Lithuania III included Eduard Simson and Johann Jacoby , who had recommended her a Biedermeier life.

Members of the Lithuania Country Team (1820–1821)

  • Johann Jacoby (1805–1877), doctor, champion of the emancipation of Jews and a democratic Prussian constitutional state
  • Julius Albert Siehr (1801–1876), member of the Frankfurt National Assembly

Members of the Littauer-Kränzchen (1821–1828)

Littuania IV (Corpsland Team)

Julius Wood (1852)

On December 19, 1828 the Corpsland Team Littuania was constituted; however, she considered the foundation day to be January 31, 1829, the day of its founding celebration. The successor corps of the Albertina Hamburg commemorates the day today. As always, Littuania's members came mainly from the Royal Littaui Provincial School in Tilsit and the Friedrichsschule Gumbinnen . Your first senior and later honorary member was Gustav von Saltzwedell . She chose the colors green-white-red. On the 3rd foundation day (1832), she decided on the coat of arms designed by Franz Passauer with the rising Littauer gray horse. The motto “Durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis!” From Virgil's Aeneid was adopted.

In the first 20 years of its existence, Littuania produced 56 pastors. Their parishes were in the northern (now Russian) part of East Prussia. The German Revolution of 1848/1849 reduced the number of theology students at Littuania. It is noteworthy that Baltia Königsberg , which was only founded in 1851, had no spiritual offspring.

On December 6, 1836, following the example of the other "country teams", she adopted the corps constitution. The corp house was at Hohenzollernstrasse 37. In the summer semester of 1848, at the height of the German Revolution in 1848/49, Hermann Meitzen was senior at Littuania. He presided over the communal assembly on May 20, 1848, in which the motion for the abolition of "the Corps" was negotiated and voted on. He went through with 24 votes to 16. Meitzen and Schlenther officially announced to the majority on May 22, 1848 that the outvoted Littau residents wanted to stay with Fuchsenzeit and Satisfaction . With that the separation was complete. The outvoted replaced the white in the green-white-red ribbon with silver. The larger "connection" was to the Progress and granted all members the same rights. She kept the colors green-white-red. The Tuch-Littauer called themselves from March 6, 1861 Landsmannschaft Littuania . For the first time in student history , there were two fraternities that went back to the same origin. The Albertus University had two different corporations with the same foundation day and the same coat of arms, which did not prevent friendships among the "Couleur brothers"; but the internal split in the covenant was never overcome.

Members (1829–1848)

Littauer ( Schmiedeberg , 1837)

Silver Litthuania (1848–1866)

SC notification to the suburb of Erlangen

A cartel had existed with the Corps Saxo-Borussia Heidelberg since the 1840s . Four Littauer and six Silber-Litthauer became Saxon-Prussia: B. Kaeswurm, v. German , Theodor Kaeswurm , v. Bötticher and K. v. Saucken, Siegfried , v. Glasow, v. Staegen, v. Sparrowhawk and E. v. Saucken.

Four Silber-Litthauer and other Königsberg students founded the Corps Baltia Königsberg in 1851 . The Silber-Litthauer were also involved in the foundation of the friendly Corps Hansea Bonn and later became friends with the Corps Marchia Berlin . In the winter semester 1851/52 the leaked because of a censure fell Corp fellow Porrmann in the first of three pistol duels against the Chargierten . He was buried at an academic funeral .

As the first Königsberger Corps, the Silber-Litthauer reported to the suburb of Berlin on January 15, 1864 that they were joining the Kösener SC Association. Masovia suggested the same step at the Königsberg Senior Citizens' Convention ; but it could only be done with Baltia when the three corps had again merged into a SC in January 1865. In November 1866, Silber-Litthuania had to finally suspend it because the desired offspring, like Marchia Breslau and Marchia Halle, did not appear. He joined the white corps in the Reich or went to the Prussian Army , which needed more and more officers due to the increase in the army.

The Silber-Litthauer lived only 18 years, but to this day outshine the reputation of the national majority. In 1854, Baltia had given the mother corps a silver drinking horn for the 25th foundation festival , which she received back in 1866 when she was suspended. It bore the inscription :

WE WERE BUT WILL NOT BE FORGOTTEN.

Silber-Litthauer

Silber-Litthauer (1865)

Littuania in the SC (1894)

SC zu Königsberg (1920)

Advised by Philipp Zorn and supported by the Corps Masovia , but against 68 votes in their own ranks, the free country team Littuania successfully applied in 1894 to be accepted as a corps in the Königsberg Senior Citizens' Convention . 27 Silber-Litthauer (including 16 former Tuchlittauer) joined the "new" corps. The doctors of the Landsmannschaft Littuania studying in Würzburg all went as traffic guests to the Landsmannschaft Makaria in the Coburg Landsmannschafter Convent . In 1913, Littuania and Kurt Riedel became the chairman of the Kösener Congress .

Since the entry of the Littuania country team into the SC (1894), the anciennity conflict smoldered . As in 1895 and 1898, the Corps Littuania applied in 1913 to be allowed to use January 29, 1829 as the foundation date for the Lithuania Corpsland Team. She encountered (again) the unanimous resistance of the other corpsman convents . In the course of the speech battles, PP suites were overthrown. The inactive Littauer Busch brought the three other corps a batch request for rackets. It was also disputed whether Littuania was allowed to lead old members of the corpsland team and the silver Litthuania in their corps list as old men. A settlement was finally reached on this .

In January 1920, Littuania requested backdating again. The result was nine batch requests for clubs and 24 pairs of PP. On top of that, the CC brought an action against SC disrepute of the other corps boys . The oKC in 1921 rejected Littuania's request. In November 1927, Littuania wanted to have it stipulated to refer to 1894 and 1829 in invitations to foundation festivals. The fact that Masovia contradicted this in a memorandum prompted Littuania to submit a batch claim for pistols to the CC involved. The court of honor approved them. Wilhelm Fabricius , the chairman of the committee for backdating, had personally taken care of the Littuania c / a Königsberger SC matter. The trial led to lively discussions but resulted in no decision. In a settlement, Littuania was granted reference to both years of the foundation. Instead, she decided not to backdate. This comparison also settled the approved pistol claims.

Littuania ceased active operations in the fall of 1935 under pressure from the Nazi regime. From 1938 to 1944 the old rulers supported the Tannenberg comradeship , which had its domicile at the Littauerhaus. In the Second World War 49 members died of the Corps: 36 fell, 13 remained missing or were in captivity around.

Members of the Littuania (1894)

Corp houses

Littuania's first corp house stood next to the Hansea house at Münzstraße 3. Both houses had direct access to the Königsberg castle pond , which was lost when the promenade was built. “From a window of the pub you could get to the Littauerhaus via a catwalk around the photographer's showcase. It was there that the famous intrusions into the amorous interests of our neighbors occurred ... Koopmann preferred to work as an acrobat. He jumped out of a window on the first floor onto Münzstrasse, paved with granite stones, on which the rails of the tram lay, and always came down well, for which the spectators gave him a bottle of champagne. "

The former club house of the East German Automobile Club in Hintertragheim 25 was purchased as the second corp house in 1934. The house was also in the immediate vicinity of the castle pond with a garden sloping into terraces to the pond. It had lounges and rooms for up to twenty men. It thus corresponded to the demands of the National Socialist German Student Union for the establishment of "Wohnkameradschaften".

  • 1. Corp House

  • 2. Corp House

  • Active Littau (1929)

  • Littauerkutsche (1930)

Friendly Corps

When Littuania was accepted into the Königsberger SC in 1894, the three other corps relocated to the established Kösener districts . It was therefore very difficult for them to build up conditions in the Reich and finally came into the South German cartel via the Corps Makaria Munich .

Corps Albertina

In the post-war period , Littuania's tradition was revived. Eight Littau, nine Baltic and five Hanseatic people founded the Corps Albertina Hamburg on March 12, 1950. Descendants of Lithuanians (not Balts) still dominate Albertina's old gentlemen's association today.

archive

In 2010 it became known that the Littuania files in the holdings of the Albertus University are preserved in the Polish State Archives in Olsztyn (Allenstein).

See also

literature

  • Otto Fünfstück: Littuania I belong to you. Hamburg 1966. GoogleBooks
  • John Koch : On the history of the Silberlitthauer . Deutsche Corpszeitung, 42nd year, May 1925, pp. 78–84.
  • Max Pauly: Chronicle of the Landsmannschaft Littuania during their 60th anniversary, 1829–1889. Koenigsberg i. Pr. 1889.
  • Walter Passauer: corp table of the Littuania zu Königsberg. Koenigsberg 1935.
  • Lothar Selke : In memory of the 150th anniversary of the federal festival of Littuania: January 31, 1829 to January 31, 1979. Munich 1979.
  • Rüdiger Kutz: "Durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis!" A brief overview of the history of the extinct Kösener Corps Littuania Königsberg. Once and Now, Yearbook of the Association for Corps Student History Research, Vol. 54 (2009), pp. 289-300.

Web links

Commons : Corps Littuania Königsberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b J. Kloosterhuis (1998)
  2. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1930, 88/1
  3. ↑ Walter Passauer: Corp table of the Littuania zu Königsberg . Koenigsberg i. Pr. 1935
  4. ^ Otto Fünfstück in a letter to Hans Lippold dated July 14, 1969 (Corps Masovia archive)
  5. ^ W. Fabricius : Die Deutsche Corps , Frankfurt am Main 1926, p. 401 ff.
  6. ↑ Kösener Corpslisten 1930, p. 837.
  7. ↑ a b John Koch
  8. ↑ S. Schindelmeiser, Volume 1, pp. 205 f.
  9. ↑ a b S. Schindelmeiser, Volume 2
  10. ↑ Erich Bauer: The comradeships in the area of ​​the Kösener SC in the years 1937-1945 . In: then and now. Yearbook of the Association for Corporate Student History Research 1 (1956), p. 27.
  11. ^ Ernst Hans Eberhard : Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 82.
  12. ↑ Corpszeitung der Hessen-Nassauer, No. 74 (1971), p. 55 ff.
  13. ^ Erwin Koopmann (1900–1943), Hessen-Nassauer and Königsberger Hanseat, went to the Königsberg police force without an academic degree. He headed the postal security school in Geesthacht. Because of his outstanding achievements in World War II, he was reactivated as a major and posthumously honored with the Knight's Cross.
  14. ^ HJ Schmidt: The new corp house of Littuania. Deutsche Corpszeitung 50 (1933/34), p. 319 f.
  15. ^ Henning Wachter: The archive of the Littuania Königsberg in Allenstein . Once and Now, Volume 59 (2014)

Remarks

  1. ↑ H. Meitzen (1826-1896), KKL 1910, 139/11
  2. ↑ Adolf Schlenther († 1865), City General Counsel in Tilsit; KKL 1910, 140/194
  3. ↑ In the Kösener Corps lists 1910 K. v. Saucken at Saxo-Borussia not listed
  4. ↑ In his corps table in 1935, Passauer names the 68 compatriots who did not transfer to the corps between the winter semester 1834/35 and the summer semester 1891. About 50 of them were still alive in 1894 and 4 in 1935.
  5. ^ Egon Busch, assessor in Leipzig, died in Champagne in 1915; KCL 1930, 88/708
  6. ↑ Littuania had five common corps brothers with Bavaria Erlangen: Joseph Scheuer, Helmut Passauer, Hans Sparrer, Martin Passauer and Adolf Roth.
  7. ↑ Polish: Archiwum Państwowe w Olsztynie. see. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, November 3, 2010, p. N 3