German country team
The German Landsmannschaft (DL) was a corporations association of obligatory and color-bearing student associations in the period from 1868 to 1936 and is regarded as a predecessor of the Coburg Convent .
General
The association represented the following principles:
- unconditional satisfaction
- no political or religious ties,
- Equal rights for all corporations that give unconditional satisfaction.
The motto was "honor-friendship-fatherland".
history
General Landsmannschafts-Convent
In 1867, Ghibellinia Tübingen sent a letter written by its secretary Eugen Gantter to the Landsmannschaften Teutonia Halle (later left the DL and become Corps), Verdensia Göttingen, Teutonia Bonn and Makaria Würzburg (later merged to L! Alemannia Makaria Würzburg ). After corresponding promises by the addressees, a meeting of representatives of the above-mentioned groups took place in Kassel on March 1, 1868 , which decided to found a General Landsmannschafts-Verband (LC).
After changing venues for the annual congresses, Coburg was set as the permanent venue in 1872 and the association was renamed the "Coburger Landsmannschafter Convent" (Coburger LC). To 1871, the nationalized Bestimmungsmensur one.
In 1877 various internal disputes in the association became so strong that it was prompted to dissolve. Some compatriots transferred to the Kösener Seniors Convents Association , but returned to their origins over time, with the exception of Teutonia Halle and two other leagues. Others had to suspend, such as Macaria Breslau.
Growth in Berlin and the "Goslar Chargierten-Convent"
The restored federation now took off strongly, which was particularly evident in Berlin. While student life in the Prussian capital could only develop under difficult conditions until the end of the 1850s, this seemed to be made up for in the capital of the German Empire . The number of students grew rapidly and fraternity flourished. A still small and young association seemed to offer advantages for the new student associations. The Palaiomarchia in 1879, the Palaio-Silesia in 1882, and in 1885 Guilelmia , Brandenburgia and Alsatia followed . Finally the Thuringia followed in 1886, the Spandovia in 1892 and the Primislavia in 1893 (left again in 1895 and became a fraternity).
The Goslar Chargierten-Convent (1882-1891) played a special role in the expansion of the association , as many of its former members joined the “Coburg Landsmannschafter Convent”. At the beginning of the summer semester of 1897, the “Coburg Landsmannschafter Convent” consisted of 34 Landsmannschaften.
"LC-Krach" and foundation of the "Arnstädter Landsmannschafter Convent"
At the Whitsun Congress in 1897, internal disputes again led to the beginning of a renewed breakdown, the so-called "LC crash". When Teutonia Würzburg accused the local Makaria of wanting to join the Kösener Seniors Convents Association , this was denied by them. As a result, Teutonia Würzburg was excluded because of false accusations. But a month later Makaria Würzburg actually resigned and became a corps, whereupon Teutonia Würzburg was re-admitted. Shortly afterwards there were serious differences in Leipzig between Afrania Leipzig (today: Alte Leipziger Landsmannschaft Afrania) and Plavia, which then left. Other country teams had already resigned, others followed. Finally, Pomerania Halle, as the presiding compatriot of the Coburg Landsmannschafter Convent, declared the association to be dissolved, but the declaration of dissolution was declared null and void by an extraordinary congress, whereupon many of the leaved unions rejoined, but the dispute could not be settled and so it came again later to withdrawals.
Many of the leagues founded the "Arnstädter Landsmannschafter Convent". Six country teams joined the Kösener SC, of which three returned in one form or another, two became fraternities.
| Members of the Arnstädter Landsmannschafter Convent | entry | exit |
|---|---|---|
| Ghibellinia ( Tübingen , gold cartel) | May 31, 1898 | |
| Pomerania ( Saale , gold cartel ) | May 31, 1898 | |
| Palaio-Silesia ( Berlin , Gold Kartell ) | May 31, 1898 | |
| Plavia ( Leipzig , Silver Cartel) | May 31, 1898 | 1906 |
| Suevia ( Jena , Silver Cartel) | May 31, 1898 | |
| Thuringia ( Berlin , Silver Cartel) | May 31, 1898 | |
| Brandenburgia ( Berlin ) | May 31, 1898 | 1905, 1907 joined the VC |
| Budissa ( Leipzig , gold cartel until 1897) | 1898 | Joined KSCV in November 1898 |
| Guestphalia ( Berlin ) | 1900 | |
| Troglodytia ( Kiel , Silberkartell) | 1901 | |
| Borussia ( Jena ) | 1902 | Exclusion March 2, 1905 (suspended), joined the VC in 1912 |
| Verdensia ( Göttingen , Silver Cartel) | 1904 |
reunion
The reunification of the two country team associations in 1906 was due in particular to the mediating efforts of the "Vereinigung Alter Landsmannschafter" (AHLC), founded in Magdeburg in 1897 , after an agreement had been reached on a revision of the association's statutes, which in 1908 led to the association being renamed . The "Coburger AHLC" was converted into a registered association called "Gesamtverband Alter Landsmannschafter" (GVAL) in 1907. In 1906, the "Arnstädter LC" joined the "Coburger LC"; it was mainly the national teams that had previously resigned.
"Well, brothers, the old crack on the oak trunk has healed"
Renaming to "Deutsche Landsmannschaft" (DL)
In 1908 the reunited association took on the name "Deutsche Landsmannschaft" (DL). In the summer semester of 1914, the DL consisted of 52 country teams. At Pentecost 1919, all remaining Landsmannschaft of the disbanded General Landsmannschafter Convent on the Marksburg (ALC ad Marksburg) were included in the "German Landsmannschaft", which changed the association insofar as it now also included Landsmannschaft at technical universities . From Pentecost 1920, Austrian and Sudeten German compatriots were also included in the association, the latter had to retire in spring 1933. At the end of the summer semester of 1935, the DL consisted of 108 country teams, 13 of them in Berlin, which was the strongest local LC.
The DL played a key role in the establishment of the General German Arms Ring (ADW) in 1919 and 1922 and in the conclusion of the so-called First and Second Erlangen Association Agreement in 1921 and 1922. A working group agreement was concluded with the Representative Convent (VC) in 1922 on issues relating to joint action on university policy issues.
Dissolution of the DL in the Third Reich
On October 20, 1935, the DL decided to make itself available to the National Socialist German Student Union (NSDStB). After the compatriots refusing to take over as comradeships had been postponed or resigned, it was decided on May 31, 1936 in Coburg on the basis of the decree of Rudolf Hess , which made activity impossible, the dissolution of the active compatriots. At the 70th Whitsun conference of the DL in Coburg in 1938, due to massive pressure from the NSDAP, it was decided to dissolve and liquidate the entire DL.
On May 12, 1951, the country teams of the former DL merged with the gymnastics associations of the Representative Convent to form the Coburg Convent .
See also
literature
- Ulrike Claudia Hofmann: The Coburg Convent between tradition and change. In: Region - Nation - Vision. Festschrift for Karl Möckl on his 65th birthday. Bamberg 2005, pp. 109-131.
- Max Lindemann: Handbook of the German Landsmannschaft. 10th edition, Berlin 1925.
- Michaela Neubert , Matthias Stickler : The 2018 annual calendar of the German Society for University Studies (DGfH) with the thematic focus on 150 years of the “German Landsmannschaft” . Once and Now, yearbook of the Association for Corps Student History Research, Vol. 63 (2018), pp. 383-418.
Web links
- Ulrike Claudia Hofmann: German Landsmannschaft (DL), 1868–1938. In: Historical Lexicon of Bavaria . April 5, 2017, accessed March 10, 2018 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Turnerschaft Berlin, Gr. 3 / 5-006 . In: Hartmut H. Jess: Specimen corporationum cognitarum 2000 , Cologne, 2000, ISBN 3-89498-092-3 .
- ^ Salia gymnastics club, Gr. 4 / 14-007 . In: Hartmut H. Jess: Specimen corporationum cognitarum 2000 , Cologne, 2000, ISBN 3-89498-092-3 .
- ↑ Max Mechow: Renowned CCER, Historia Academica, Volume 8/9, pp 61st
- ↑ Dietrich Weber: Landsmannschaften an Technische Hochschulen and their associations , p. 97