Ammonium citrate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Ammonium citrate
other names	Triammonium citrate; Ammonium citrate tribasic; E 380 ; 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid triammonium salt;
Molecular formula	C 6 H 17 N 3 O 7
Brief description	colorless, crystalline substance
External identifiers / databases
EC number	222-394-5
ECHA InfoCard	100.020.359
PubChem	18954
ChemSpider	17896
Wikidata	Q473480
properties
Molar mass	243.22 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	1.48 g cm −3 (20 ° C)
Melting point	185 ° C
solubility	easy in water (1000 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution
H and P phrases	H: 315-319-335
	P: 261-305 + 351 + 338
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Ammonium citrate (NH ₄ ) ₃ (C ₆ H ₅ O ₇ ) is the ammonium salt of citric acid . It consists of three ammonium ions (NH ₄ ) ⁺ and the citrate ion (C ₆ H ₅ O ₇ ) ³⁻ and forms colorless crystals that dissolve well in water.

In addition to triammonium citrate, there is also monoammonium citrate NH ₄ (C ₆ H ₇ O ₇ ) and diammonium citrate (NH ₄ ) ₂ (C ₆ H ₆ O ₇ ).

synthesis

Ammonium citrate can be obtained by neutralizing ammonia with citric acid:

{\ displaystyle \ mathrm {3 \ NH_ {3} + C_ {6} H_ {8} O_ {7} \ longrightarrow (NH_ {4}) _ {3} C_ {6} H_ {5} O_ {7}} }

properties

Ammonium citrate crystals

Triammonium citrate crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with a = 6.223 Å, b = 15.048 Å and c = 11.056 Å.

use

Ammonium citrate is approved as a food additive E 380 in the EU . It is used as an acidity regulator and color stabilizer in lemonades, jams, canned fruit and vegetables, baked goods, ready-made soups and frozen fish.

Individual evidence

↑ Entry on E 380: Triammonium citrate in the European database for food additives, accessed on June 27, 2020.
↑ Data sheet ammonium citrate from AlfaAesar, accessed on March 26, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .
↑ Entry on ammonium citrate, dibasic. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on September 30, 2014.
↑ Ammonium citrate data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 9, 2011 ( PDF ).

↑ ^a ^b ^c Entry on triammonium citrate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .

↑ External identifiers or database links for diammonium citrate: CAS number: 3012-65-5, EC number: 221-146-3, ECHA InfoCard: 100.019.225 , PubChem : 18171 , ChemSpider : 17164 , Wikidata : Q3678337 .

↑ M. Venkateshwarlu, T. Bhaskar Rao, K. Kishan Rao: Growth and characterization of triammonium citrate . In: Bulletin of Materials Science . tape 12 , no. 2 , 1989, pp. 143-146 , doi : 10.1007 / BF02744513 .

[E-Nummer380-1] Entry on E 380: Triammonium citrate in the European database for food additives, accessed on June 27, 2020.

[alfa-2] Data sheet ammonium citrate from AlfaAesar, accessed on March 26, 2010 ( PDF )(JavaScript required) .

[3] Entry on ammonium citrate, dibasic. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on September 30, 2014.

[Sigma-4] Ammonium citrate data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on March 9, 2011 ( PDF ).

[GESTIS-5] Entry on triammonium citrate in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on February 10, 2017(JavaScript required) .

[6] External identifiers or database links for diammonium citrate: CAS number: 3012-65-5, EC number: 221-146-3, ECHA InfoCard: 100.019.225 , PubChem : 18171 , ChemSpider : 17164 , Wikidata : Q3678337 .

[7] M. Venkateshwarlu, T. Bhaskar Rao, K. Kishan Rao: Growth and characterization of triammonium citrate . In: Bulletin of Materials Science . tape 12 , no. 2 , 1989, pp. 143-146 , doi : 10.1007 / BF02744513 .