Andrea Corsini (Cardinal)

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Andrea Cardinal Corsini, portrait in the Palazzo Corsini in Florence

Andrea Corsini (born June 11, 1735 in Florence , † January 19, 1795 in Rome ) was a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church . After the abolition of the Jesuit order on July 21, 1773, he implemented papal measures against the order. From 1793 until his death he held the office of cardinal vicar .

Life

Early years

Andrea Corsini, great-great-nephew of Pope Clement XII. , was chosen by his family for a career in the church and placed in the care of the Jansenist scholar Giovanni Gaetano Bottari . Through its influence, the young Corsini himself became a supporter of Jansenism and an opponent of the Jesuits . Pope Benedict XIV awarded him the title of papal house prelate and sent him to Portugal in 1756 to hand over the cardinal's hat to the later Patriarch of Lisbon, Francisco de Saldanha da Gama . In December of the same year Corsini reached Paris and was the guest of the Portuguese ambassador to the French kingdom. In March 1757 he left Paris for Rome, in Bologna he visited Cardinal Carlo Rezzonico , who in 1758 to Pope Clement XIII. was chosen. In the same year Corsini became vicar of the Archpriest of the Lateran Basilica, his great-uncle Cardinal Neri Maria Corsini , as well as Apostolic Protonotary.

Since Neri Maria Corsini Clement XIII. had supported in the conclave , the new Pope accepted the only 24-year-old Andrea on September 24, 1759 as Cardinal Deacon of Sant'Angelo in Pescheria in the College of Cardinals . On March 25, 1760 he received minor orders. He was also seen as the successor to his great-uncle, who was one of the leaders of the anti-Jesuit wing in the College of Cardinals. Cardinal Corsini supported the Portuguese royal family in the fight against the Jesuit order, which he won the favor of Pope Clement XIII. lost.

On the day of Clemens XIII's death, February 2, 1769, he was ordained a priest . Before the subsequent conclave , he received the support of several European ambassadors, but at the age of 33 he was considered too young to run seriously. In September 1769 he became cardinal priest of San Matteo in Merulana . Under the new Pope Clement XIV , his influence at the Curia increased again, and after Neri Maria Corsini's death in December 1770, the Pope appointed him Prefect of the Apostolic Signature .

From the prohibition of the Jesuit order

In August 1773 Cardinal Corsini was appointed Prefect of the specially convened Congregation Pro exsequendo brevi suppressionis Societatis Jesu . On July 21 of the same year, Clement XIV with the Breve Dominus ac redemptor had repealed the Jesuit order. The congregation that had now been convened, headed by Cardinal Corsini, took action against Jesuit theologians on papal orders, some of them were taken prisoner in Castel Sant'Angelo . Corsini was accused of excessive harshness by pro-Jesuit publicists, but the guidelines for the procedure were directly from Pope Clement XIV. And from 1775 by Pius VI. given. After the health of the Jesuit general Lorenzo Ricci worsened as a result of the prison conditions (and he died in November 1775), he wrote to Pius VI that he no longer wanted to take responsibility for these conditions and resigned the leadership of the congregation in February 1776.

Pius VI appointed him on July 15, 1776 Cardinal Bishop of Sabina . The episcopal ordination was Cardinal Corsini six days later by Cardinal Henry Benedict Stuart donated. In his diocese he devoted himself to pastoral care with great zeal. From 1779 to 1783 and 1785 to 1790 he made visits to Sabina.

In 1792 the government of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany asked him to mediate several times in the war between revolutionary France and the Papal States. Cardinal Corsini complied with this request, but his mediation attempts were unsuccessful. Pius VI appointed him cardinal vicar on December 10, 1793. Andrea Corsini died in January 1795 and was buried in the family chapel within the Lateran basilica.

literature

Web links

Commons : Andrea Corsini  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. ↑ Miranda names July 1769 as the appointment time, but Neri Maria Corsini did not die until December 6, 1770.
predecessor Office successor
Marcantonio Colonna Cardinal Vicar
1793–1795 		Giulio Maria della Somaglia
Carlo Rezzonico Cardinal Bishop of Sabina
1776–1795 		Giovanni Archinto
Neri Maria Corsini Prefect of the Apostolic Signature
1770–1795 		Leonardo Antonelli
personal data
SURNAME Corsini, Andrea
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian clergyman, cardinal and cardinal vicar
DATE OF BIRTH June 11, 1735
PLACE OF BIRTH Florence
DATE OF DEATH January 19, 1795
Place of death Rome