Andreas Wigand

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Title page of the Wiederruffs sermon Andreae Wigandi , Jena 1671

Andreas Wigand (born November 10, 1606 in Fulda ; † June 13, 1674 in Jena ) was a German clergyman and theologian who sparked a journalistic controversy when he left the Jesuit order and converted to the Lutheran Church .

Life

Wigand studied at the papal college of the Hochstift Fulda . In 1626 he entered the Jesuit order in Trier . He then studied mathematics with Athanasius Kircher in Würzburg . He went to France with Kircher because of the Thirty Years' War in 1631 and continued to correspond with him later. 1642 he attained in Mainz the master's degree in philosophy . He was a cathedral preacher a . a. active in Mainz , Würzburg, Speyer and Worms and as professor of rhetoric and theology in Fulda, Molsheim and Erfurt . In Erfurt he was Academic Privy Councilor .

On June 1st jul. / June 11,  1671 greg. , Ascension Day according to the Lutheran calendar, his conversion decision was made, and two days later he left the Jesuit establishment in Erfurt unnoticed and traveled to Jena. On July 9th of the same year he gave his re-appeal sermon in the city ​​church of Jena in the presence of Duke Bernhard von Sachsen-Jena , in which he explained the reasons for his conversion. The sermon was printed in large editions and answered with an anonymous refutation printed in Mainz by Jesuits - Wigand suspected Vitus Erbermann to be the author. An apology from Wigand and further replies from the other side followed. Landgrave Ernst von Hessen-Rheinfels , who converted to the Catholic Church, also took part in the controversy .

In Jena, Wigand became consistorial councilor of the regional church and professor at the university .

On February 15, 1672, at the age of 65, he married Christophora Anna Herbert, which his opponents presented as the real motive for his conversion.

In 1673 he led Duke Bernhard's secret marriage to Maria Elisabeth von Kospoth , through which the latter tried to legitimize the love affair despite his undivided marriage to Marie Charlotte de la Trémoille .

Andreas Wiegand was buried in the Jena University Church after his death . The inscription on the epitaph names his wife as the founder.

Publications

  • from Wigand:
    • Sermo Revocatorius, That is: Revocation Sermon Andreae Wigandi, On different Thum-Cantzeln, as Mäintz, Würtzburg, Speyer, Worms, Erfurth, as well as to Fulda and other preachers, Philosophiae in France and Mäintz for the fourth time, but afterwards SS Theologiae zu Fulda, Molsheim and Erfurth Professoris Publici, the Theological Faculty of the same Decani and Pro-Decani, Consilii Secreti Academici Assessoris: In this his apostasy from the papacy, and from the Jesuit order Austrits motiva, movable covering, and considerable causes introduced, explained and to be made available and made known to the whole world, At Jena in the main church in front of the Christian congregation assembled there, especially in the present ... Bernharden, moved to Saxony ... The 9th July in 1671 was the third Sunday after Trinity, and the Gospel of the lost creation, held, Permissu & Consensu Collegii Theologici in illustri Academia Ienensi . Jena 1671 ( digitized version )
    • Apologia, that is: Protection speech / and responsibility Andreae Wigandi Theologi & Concionatoris, The Maintzischen and Ober-Rheinischen Jesuit disgrace-rebuttal / As also the Herr Landgraff Ernsten zu Hessen / About his revocation sermon to the Baron of Boyneburg Opposite abandoned concern set: made in print / and divided into three parts. In the First Will the Mäintzischen Jesuiter Scommatische refutation / In others, The Lord Landgraff Serious Bedencken answered / In the Third If the Wigandi motiva thoroughly Expound ... . Jena 1672 ( digitized version )
  • about Wigand:
    • Sermo Revocatorius, That is: Andreae Wigandi's revocation sermon: In it of his apostasy from the Pope, and out of the angry resignation of the Jesuit Order, unfathomable motives, immovable coverings, and insignificant causes introduced, explained, but not proven, and made for the whole world , and be made known. At Jena in the main church in front of the all there assembled Christian community etc. on July 9th in 1671, the 3rd Sunday after Trinity, and the gospel of the lost sheep, was held. Permissu & consensu Collegii Theologici in Illustri Academia Jenensi. Now improved, increased and refuted . Mainz 1671 ( digitized version )
    • Ernst von Hessen-Rheinfels : Well-intentioned inimitable concern about the resignation of the former Jesuit Patris Andreae Wigands, who since then moved to Jena under Chur- and Fürstl. Saxon. Has given protection to the Frh. Boyneburg . Rheinfels 1671
    • Andreae Wigands and his sweetheart Naunburgische Bier-Annen Buhlschektiven. Anno 1671 . Ridicule ( digitized version )
    • The Princely Hessen-Rheinfelsischen Secretarii thorough refutation of the second part of the so-called Apologiae of Andreae Wigand, who recently stepped out of the Jesuit order and who is now in Jena . Rheinfels 1672
    • Honest refutation of the unfounded causes / which Andreas Wigand with unawareness / insult / and annoyance in his responsibility letter for the next time used: Why he not only resigned from his order / but also from the Catholic religion . Mainz 1672 ( digitized version )
    • Johannes Schlemm: Christian and soulful struggle and life course of the ... Mr. Andreae Wigandi, the H. Schrifft Licentiati and the Hochlöbl. Ober-Consistorii alhie been Adsessoris, Vormahls Thumpredigers highly ordained in the Pabstthum to Mäintz / Würtzburg / Speyer / Worms / Erfurt [et] c. ...: How he was buried on the earth on June 17th ... / Explained and presented from the saying Pauli 2. Tim. IV. I fought a good fight etc. Jena 1674 ( digitized version )
    • Heinrich von der Lith: Thanksgiving speech / Which at highly respectable and people-rich corpse-Begängnüß Des Weiland the most honorable / Großachtbahrn and highly learned Mr. Andreae Wigandi, Der Heil. Writes well-known Licentiati, also local Hochlöbl. Princely Saxon. Ober-Consistorii highly ordained Assessoris, In the CollegienKirche of the world-famous University of Jena, M. Heinrich von der Lith . Jena 1675 ( digitized version )

Web links

Commons : Andreas Wigand  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ dates and place of birth after the epitaph ; Place of death after Jakob Dominikus: Erfurt and the Erfurt area . Gotha 1793, p. 476
  2. ↑ Wiederruffs-Sermon, p. 15
  3. ↑ John Edward Fletcher: A Study of the Life and Works of Athanasius Kircher, 'Germanus Incredibilis' . Leiden 2011, pp. 251-252
  4. ↑ In the Lutheran territories at that time the Julian calendar still applied state and church.
  5. ↑ Wiederruffs-Sermon pp. 20-23
  6. ↑ Apologia , Part II, p. 3 . The author of the Warhafft refutation reveals himself to be a childhood friend and brother of Wigand ( preface to the favorable reader ). Erbermann also wrote openly against Wigand ( Lutheran Schrifft Torture , 1672)
  7. ↑ s. Lit.
  8. ↑ Baden-Württemberg State Archives
  9. ↑ Stefanie Walther: The Duke's relationship with Maria Elisabeth von Kospoth - a bigamistic escapade . In: The (dis) order of marriage. Norms and Practice of Ernestine Princes in the Early Modern Age . Munich 2011, pp. 92-100
personal data
SURNAME Wigand, Andreas
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German clergyman, Jesuit, theologian, convert to Protestantism
DATE OF BIRTH November 10, 1606
PLACE OF BIRTH Fulda
DATE OF DEATH June 13, 1674
Place of death Jena