Anikita Ivanovich Repnin
Prince Anikita Ivanovich Repnin ( Russian Аникита Иванович Репнин , * 1668 , † June 22 . Jul / 3. July 1726 greg. Riga ) was a field marshal of the Russian army under Peter the Great in the Northern War .
Life
At the age of 12, Repnin was appointed servant to Peter I. In the game regiments founded by the growing Tsar Peter in 1685 in the village of Preobrazhenskoe near Moscow, Repnin was given the rank of first lieutenant and two years later that of lieutenant colonel . The suppression of the Strelitzen rebellion and the ensuing disempowerment of the Tsar's sister Sofia Alexejewna helped Repnin and several other staunch supporters of the Tsar to step onto the scene. During the first Azov campaign (1695) Repnin distinguished himself by conquering two Turkish bank fortifications with 32 cannons. In the second campaign (1696) he took part in the conquest of the Azov fortress with a frigate under his command . This gave Russia access to the Black Sea .
In 1700 Peter I raised the 32-year-old Repnin to the rank of “ General of the Army ”, a rank that corresponded to that of Commander-in-Chief . In 1701 Repnin went to Livonia with 19 regiments , where he placed himself under the command of Field Marshal Sheremetev . Repnin's regiments took part in the siege and conquest of Nöteborg , as well as the conquest of Nyenschanz and Narva . In the summer of 1708, the Russian army, which was taken by the main forces of Charles XII. was pursued at Golovchino (near Mogilev ) position. On the night of July 3, Swedish regiments attacked General Repnin's part of the army, who was in the middle of the positions of the Russian army. After a dogged two hours of fighting, Repnin was thrown back (see Battle of Golovchin ). This was followed by the general withdrawal of the Russian Army. The angry Peter I then ordered Repnin to be degraded to a simple soldier. In the Battle of Lesnaya (1708), Prince Repnin fought as a simple soldier. After the battle was won, Peter I gave Anikita Repnin back the rank of general and command of the division . In the battle of Poltava on June 27, 1709, the outcome of which in many respects predicted the war against Sweden, Repnin commanded twelve regiments of the army at the center of the position. For his outstanding achievements and for the victory in the battle, he was honored by the Tsar with the highest distinction - the Order of St. Andrew .
Soon after the Battle of Poltava, Peter I ordered the prince to march his units to the southern border of Russia in order to observe the movement of the forces of the Crimean Tatars and Ottomans and to restore order in the Cossack army . On July 4, 1710, after the surrender of the Riga garrison , Repnin and his regiments were the first to enter the city. He was then appointed Governor General and Commander-in-Chief of Riga. In the years 1712-1718 Repnin took part in the military actions in Pomerania , Courland and Poland. After returning to Riga, he was appointed governor general in Livonia. In 1724 Prince Repnin became the "President of the Military College", and at the same time he was confirmed in his office as Governor General of Riga. On May 7, 1724 - on this day Peter I declared his wife Catherine I empress - Repnin received the rank of field marshal. When, after Peter's death, through the machinations of Menshikov, Catherine I was lifted to the throne, Repnin did not want to participate in the intrigues and returned to his Riga governorate . There he died on July 3, 1726 at the age of 58.
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| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Repnin, Anikita Ivanovich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Репнин, Аникита Иванович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Field Marshal General of the Russian Army |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1668 |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 3, 1726 |