Antoine Gouan

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Antoine Gouan

Antoine Gouan (born November 15, 1733 in Montpellier , † September 1, 1821 in Montpellier) was a French doctor and botanist . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is " Gouan ".

Life

Antoine Gouan was born on November 15, 1733 in Montpellier, his father was a lawyer, Jean-Guillaume Gouan (* 1708) at the Court of Auditors, Cour des Comptes puis conseiller-maître . However, embezzlement forced him to resign from this position in 1776. He was married to Anne Salavy, the mother of A. Gouan. By the way, Antoine Gouan had an uncle of the same name (1712–1784) who was director of the Hôpital Saint-Éloi de Montpellier .

He began his studies in Toulouse , but then continued it in Montpellier, where he studied medicine. In his views Gouan was strongly influenced by his then professor François Boissier de Sauvages (1706–1767), a representative of the Linnean method in France. Gouan received his doctorate on August 25, 1752 and became a doctor at the Saint-Éloi Hospital in Montpellier. Soon after taking up his work, however, he began to be interested in the natural sciences.

In 1762 he published a catalog of the plants in the Montpellier Botanical Garden, which he titled Hortus regius monspeliensis . This catalog was the first botanical work in France that was based on the biological nomenclature of Carl von Linnés . Three years later, in 1765, he published Flora Monspeliaca . In 1770 the Historia Piscicum was published, an ichthyological work that significantly increased the number of fish in Linnaeus' system.

In 1766 he succeeded François Boissier de Sauvages de Lacroix (1706-1767) at the medical faculty and in 1783 a foreign member of the Linnean Society in London. In 1790 he became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and in 1796 of the Académie des Sciences .

Many letters have survived from Gouan, including letters with Carl von Linné, Albrecht von Haller , Jean-Guillaume Bruguière (1749 / 1750–1798), Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Carl Peter Thunberg .

It is reported that Gouan planted the first Ginkgo biloba in France, which is still in the Montpellier Botanical Garden today. This was Pierre Marie Auguste Broussonet brought in August 1782 after his return from London to France.

Dedication names

The plant genus Gouania Jacq is named after Gouan . from the family of buckthorn plants (Rhamnaceae). The following species also contain his name:

Works (selection)

  • Hortus Regius Monspeliensis, sistens plantas tum indigenas tum exotica (1762).
  • Flora Monspeliaca, sistens plantas no. 1850 ad sua genera relatas, et hybrida methodo digestas; adjectis nominibus specificis, trivialibusque, synonymis selectis, habitationibus plurium in agro Monspeliensi nuper detectarum, et earum quae in usus medicos veniunt nominibus pharmaceuticis, virtutibusque probatissimis (1765).
  • Illustrationes et Observationes Botanicae, ad specierum historiam facientes seu rariorum plantarum indigenarum, pyrenaicarum, exoticarum adumbrationes, synonymorum… Cum iconibus ex naturae typo et magnitudine naturali ab auctore delineatis (1773).
  • Herborisations des environs de Montpellier, ou guide botanique à l'usage des élèves de l'école de santé… (1796).

literature

  • Benoît Dayrat: Les Botanistes et la Flore de France. Trois siècles de découvertes . Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2003, p. 690 .
  • Pascal Duris (1993). Linnaeus et la France (1780-1850) . Librairie Droz (Genève), collection Histoire des idées et critique littéraire, numéro 318: 281 p.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Louis Dulieu: Antoine Gouan (1733-1821). Revue d'histoire des sciences et de leurs applications. 1967, Tome 20 n ° 1. pp. 33-48.
  2. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
  3. ↑ Mem. Wern. Soc. vi. 1827 85 (IK)
  4. ^ Arch. Bot. [Leipzig] 1 (3): 39, 1798 (IK)
  5. ↑ Monog. Narciss. 5.n.2 (IK)
  6. ↑ Syll. Fl. Eur. 148.1855 (IK)
  7. ^ Index Kew. 2 (3): 528.1894 (IK)
  8. ↑ Gen. Hist. 4: 94.1837-1838 (IK)
  9. ↑ Cat. Pl.Helv., Ed. 4. 7. 1821 (IK)
  10. ↑ Tabl. École Bot. 97, 1804 (as "gouani")
  11. ↑ noun cl. Bot. [Steudel] 152. 1821 (IK)
  12. ↑ Sp. Pl., Ed. 4 [Willdenow] 3 (3): 1665. 1803 (IK)
  13. ↑ Fl. Filip. [FM Blanco] 627.1837 (IK)
  14. ↑ Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris (1818) 30; et in Dict. Sc. Nat. xiii. 255 (IK)
  15. ↑ Fl. Tellurium. 2: 49.1837 (IK)
  16. ↑ Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 1912, xi. 205, noun. (IK)
  17. ↑ Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 101, 1905 (IK)
  18. ↑ Fl. Switzerland [Hegetschweiler] 757. 1840 (IK)
  19. ↑ Cat. Afr. Pl. (Hereafter) i. 552. (IK)
  20. ↑ Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 5: 278. 1899 (IC)
  21. ↑ Syst. Nat., Ed. 13 [bis]. 2 (1): 251.1791 (IK)
  22. ^ Find. Agrost. (Trinius) 148. 1820 (IK)
  23. ↑ Cat. Pl. Vasc. Fr. 52 (IK)
  24. ↑ Giorn. F sharp. Chim. Storia Nat. Med. Arti Dec. 2, 5: 41, in obs. 1822; De quibusdam plantis Italiae. Dec. II: 6 (IC)
personal data
SURNAME Gouan, Antoine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French doctor and botanist
DATE OF BIRTH November 15, 1733
PLACE OF BIRTH Montpellier
DATE OF DEATH September 1, 1821
Place of death Montpellier