Anton August Heinrich Lichtenstein

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Anton August Heinrich Lichtenstein (born August 25, 1753 in Helmstedt ; † February 17, 1816 there ) was a German zoologist and librarian .

Life

Lichtenstein was the son of the Hofrat and Mayor of Helmstedt Joachim Dietrich Lichtenstein and father of the future zoologist Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein .

Lichtenstein received his first lessons from the Helmstedt town clerk Lange, who prepared him excellently for the town high school. There Lichtenstein u. a. Student of the director M. Mirus (Latin) and Prof. Beauregard (French). Easter 1771 Lichtenstein became a student at the University of Göttingen and attended a. a. Lectures by Professors Gottfried Less , Johann David Michaelis , Johann Peter Miller and Franz Walch .

At the end of September 1772 Lichtenstein moved to the University of Leipzig , where professors Christian August Crusius , Johann August Ernesti a . a. his lecturers were. At the beginning of 1773 the Lichtenstein family brought them home because his father had died. Lichtenstein stayed in his hometown and received a license to teach oriental languages ​​from the city council with effect from October 30, 1773. The theologian Heinrich Philipp Konrad Henke supported Lichtenstein significantly.

When Lichtenstein received a call to the University of Jena as an associate professor for philosophy in autumn 1774 , he turned it down and was promoted to rector of the Helmstedt city school. Three years later he left Helmstedt and went to Hamburg. With effect from August 26, 1777, the Scholarkollegium Hamburgs Lichtenstein appointed deputy principal of the Johanneum . On December 7, 1777 he gave his inaugural lecture "De libertate liberalitatis" there. From 1782 he was rector of the Johanneum. From 1794 to 1796 he was also a library assistant and from 1796 to 1798 director of the city ​​library in Hamburg.

In 1798 he left Hamburg because he had been appointed professor of theology at the University of Helmstedt , as well as general superintendent and first pastor at St. Stephen's Church. He tried to decipher the cuneiform and published these attempts first in the new German Merkur (October 1802, p. 89 f.) And in more detail in 1803 in his work Tentamen Palaeographiae Assrio-Persicae . In 1803 he received the dignity of Abbot of the Michaelstein Monastery , after he had been subprior of the monastery since 1775 ; With the establishment of the Kingdom of Westphalia in 1807, the monastery estates were confiscated, French officers were endowed from them and the seminary was closed. When the university closed in 1810, he stayed in Helmstedt anyway. In the last years of his life he dealt with natural history. At the age of 62, Anton August Heinrich Lichtenstein died on February 17, 1816 of a "hot fever" (possibly typhus ) in his hometown.

Lichtenstein had married Henriette Louise Berkhan (1755-1824) in 1777. There were 7 children together, one of whom was the doctor, researcher and zoologist Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein and another was the doctor and natural scientist Johann Nikolaus Heinrich Lichtenstein .

He was a member of the Society of Friends of Natural Sciences in Berlin .

Works

  • Auction catalogs, lists of extremely rare natural objects, brought together from all parts of the world with great effort and expense, also from different cabinets, collections and auctions, which were collected by a lover, as a member of the Batavian and various other natural research societies.
    • Catalogus Rerum Naturalium Rarissimarum . Sectio Prima: Continens mammalia & Aves. Section 1: Mammals and Birds. Broker Johann Hinrich Schöen, Monday 21 October 1793 (reprint of the Willughby Society 1882).
    • Catalogus Rerum Naturalium Rarissimarum . Sectio secunda: continens conchylia, item mineralia, ligna exotica, & arte parata. Section 2: snails, mussels, woods. Broker Johann Hinrich Schöen, Monday, June 30, 1794.
    • Catalogus Musei zoologici ditissimi Hamburgi Sectio Tertia: Continens Insecta. Section 3 insects. Realtor Peter Hinrich Packischefsky, Wednesday, February 3, 1796.
  • Herbst, Lichtenstein: Natural history of the insect genera Solpuga and Phlangium . In: Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst : Natural system of wingless insects . Gottlieb August Lange, Berlin 1797.
  • Description of a newly discovered aquatic insect . In: C [hristian] R [udolph] W [ilhelm] Wiedemann (ed.): Archive for Zoology and Zootomy , 1st volume, Voss, Berlin 1800, pp. 168f,

literature

  • Rolf Volkmann: Lichtenstein, Anton August Heinrich . In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck, Günter Scheel (ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon: 19th and 20th centuries . Hahnsche Buchhandlung Verlag, Hannover 1996, ISBN 3-7752-5838-8 , p. 380
  • Herbert Weidner: History of Entomology in Hamburg . In: Treatises and negotiations of the Natural Science Association in Hamburg . tape IX . De Gruyter & Co, 1967, ISBN 978-3-11-140932-0 , pp. 387 . P. 43ff.

Web links

Wikisource: Anton August Heinrich Lichtenstein  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Johann Friedrich von Recke and Karl Eduard Napiersky , General Lexicon of Writers and Scholars of the Provinces of Livonia, Esthland and Courland , Volume 3, LR, Steffenhagen & Sohn, Mitau, 1831, p. 56 ( online ). Another name: "Hans Claes Heinrich". See: Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein : The trunk table of the middle-class Lichtenstein family along with historical news about some members of the same , Berlin 1835.
personal data
SURNAME Lichtenstein, Anton August Heinrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lichtenstein, Anton A .; Lichtenstein, Antonius Augustus Henricus; Lichtenstein, AAH; Lichtensteinius, Antonius Augustus Henricus
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German zoologist and librarian
DATE OF BIRTH August 25, 1753
PLACE OF BIRTH Helmstedt
DATE OF DEATH February 17, 1816
Place of death Helmstedt