Grove salad

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Grove salad
Grove salad (Aposeris foetida)

Grove salad ( Aposeris foetida )

Systematics
Order : Astern-like (Asterales)
Family : Daisy family (Asteraceae)
Subfamily : Cichorioideae
Tribe : Cichorieae
Genre : Aposeris
Type : Grove salad
Scientific name of the  genus
Aposeris
Neck. ex Cass.
Scientific name of the  species
Aposeris foetida
( L. ) Less.

The aposeris or Hainlattich ( Aposeris foetida ), also Stinksalat , Stinking aposeris or Stink-cos known, is the only species of the monotypic genus Aposeris from the family of the daisy family (Asteraceae). It grows mainly in the forests of the Alps and the Alpine foothills.

description

The grove salad is a perennial, herbaceous plant that is somewhat reminiscent of the dandelion . The whole plant contains a smelly, white milky sap that gave it its name.

Grove salad ( Aposeris foetida )

The leaves form a basal rosette. They are deeply pinnate, with the individual pinnate sections trapezoidal to diamond-shaped. Only the terminal leaflet is triangular to three-lobed. This characteristic shape of the pinnate sections can be used to distinguish them from most dandelion species, which have saw-cut leaves. The leaves are about 10 cm long.

The flower heads stand individually on 10 cm to 20 cm (up to 25 cm) high, leafless stems . The bloomed flower heads have a diameter of 2.5 cm to 4 cm. The bracts are greenish-blackish and often powdered floury. In the cup-like inflorescence there are only bright yellow ray florets . The tongue has five corolla lobes, which clearly shows that the corolla tube is made up of five petals . The flowering period extends from June to August.

The achenes are missing a pappus .

The chromosome number of the species is 2n = 16.

Occurrence

The distribution area of ​​the grove lettuce extends from Spain and France over the Alps and the Balkan Peninsula to Belarus and the Carpathian Mountains. It occurs in Spain, France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, the Czech Republic, Poland, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Slovakia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Romania, Ukraine and Belarus. The grove lettuce occurs in Central Europe in not too dry mixed mountain forests in the Alps . There it is widespread and common. There are also scattered occurrences in the foothills of the Alps. It thrives on moderately fresh, nutrient and base-rich, mostly calcareous, loose loam and clay soils. It usually occurs in societies of the Fagion or Carpinion associations, less often in those of the Origanetalia order. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises at the summit of the Nebelhorn in Bavaria up to 2200 m above sea level.

ecology

The grove lettuce is a gull ground root and a shade to partial shade plant. Its flowers are pollinated by insects. Its fruit heads turn to the ground and are partly spread by ants.

Sources and further information

literature

  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Werner Rothmaler : Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Volume 2: Vascular Plants, 14th Edition. People and knowledge, Berlin 1988, ISBN 3-060-12539-2
  • Otto Schmeil , Jost Fitschen , Werner Rauh : Flora of Germany and its adjacent areas . 84th edition. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1968.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . 8th edition. Stuttgart, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2001. Page 976. ISBN 3-8001-3131-5
  2. ^ PD Sell: Aposeris Cass. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin u. a .: Flora Europaea . Volume 4, page 308. Cambridge University Press 1976. ISBN 0-521-08717-1
  3. ↑ Werner Greuter (2006+): Compositae (pro parte majore). - In: W. Greuter & E. von Raab-Straube (eds.): Compositae. Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Datasheet Aposeris foetida In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  4. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , pp. 653-655.

Web links

Commons : Grove Salad ( Aposeris foetida )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files
Distribution maps
photos