Arnulf de Montgomery

Arnulf of Montgomery (* around 1068 , † 1118 / 22 ) was an Anglo-Norman knight , a role in the history of England , Wales and Ireland played. He is a member of the House of Montgommery , ancestor of all Scottish Montgomeries and an ancestor of Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery .

Origin and family

Arnulf de Montgomery was the youngest son of Roger de Montgomerie, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and the Mabile de Bellême . He had at least ten other siblings, including Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury , Robert of Bellême, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury , and Roger Poitevin , Earl of La Marche .

Life

Around 1090 he and his older brother Robert built Pembroke Castle in South Wales, one of the most impressive Norman castles in England. In 1093 King William II of England rewarded Arnulf of Montgomery's efforts to rule Pembroke; some historians see this act as the enfeoffment as Earl of Pembroke , although a first enfeoffment with the Earldom of Pembroke was made in 1138 by King Stephen of England to Gilbert de Clare (1100–1147 / 48). The rule was also smaller than what would later become Pembrokeshire .

Arnulf's holdings grew considerably when Rufus gave him the rule of Holdermess ( Yorkshire ) in 1096 , which also included land in Lincolnshire . It is likely that Arnulf wanted to inherit his brother Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury, after his death in 1098. However, he was outmaneuvered by his eldest brother Robert, who became 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury.

Arnulf and his brothers Robert and Roger Poictevin took part in the rebellion of the barons in 1101, with which King Henry I should be deposed in favor of Robert Courteouses . Arnulf's father-in-law, the Irish King Muircheartach Ua Briain , had provided the funds for Arnulf's rebellion. The uprising failed and ended with the Treaty of Alton . King Henry I issued a trade embargo against Ireland. The Norman chronicler Orderic Vitalis writes in his chronicles that Arnulf came under the protection of his father-in-law Muirchertach Ua Briain after the failed rebellion, but the Irish annals do not mention this.

In later years he was part of the retinue of Count Fulk V of Anjou , who later became King of Jerusalem.

Family and offspring

Arnulf married Lafrocoth , daughter of the Irish King Muircheartach Ua Briain , around 1100/1101 and possibly had the following children:

• Alice de Montgomery ⚭ Maurice FitzGerald , Lord of Maynooth and Naas (* 1100 - † September 1, 1176)
• Robert de Montgomery († around 1179) ⚭ Marjory FitzAlan, daughter of Walter FitzAlan , High Steward of Scotland
• Philipp de Montgomery (* 1102; † 1177) ⚭ around 1118 Margaret Dunbar (* around 1100), daughter of Gospatric, 2nd Earl of Dunbar and Sibyl Morel.
• Maria Marrio Fitz Gerald de Carew (de Montgomery), ⚭ William FitzGerald, Baron of Windsor and Pembroke (1100–1173)

literature

• Victoria Chandler: The Last of the Montgomerys: Roger the Poitevin and Arnulf. In: Historical Research. 62, pp. 1-14 (1989).
• Charles Lethbridge Kingsford:  Roger de Montgomery . In: Sidney Lee (Ed.): Dictionary of National Biography . Volume 49:  Robinson - Russell. MacMillan & Co, Smith, Elder & Co., New York City / London 1897, pp 101 - 103 (English, is: . Arnulf, Earl of Pembroke (fl 1110) , p 103).