Artushof (Königsberg, old town)
.png)
The Artushof in Königsberg 's Altstadt district , also known as the Altstädtischer Junkerhof , was located at 35 Wassergasse at the corner of Hofgasse and existed as early as the 14th century. There, the councilors, the judges (= judges), the knights and the junkers met separately in "corners". It was rebuilt in 1544 on the old foundations. In 1708 this had to be canceled due to dilapidation. In 1710 a new building in the Baroque style was built on the same site. The building was sold to the Pinnauer Mühlenwerke around 1825. The old town Artushof now served as a flour and grain store. In 1872 it was acquired by the Siebert brothers and converted into a commercial building.
There is no trace of the various medieval Arthurian courts in Königsberg. The building was destroyed in the air raids on Königsberg and the subsequent battle for Königsberg .
History and equipment
Important historical personalities were members of the old town Artus Court: Heinrich von Plauen (1410), Hm von Richtenberg , Albertus Dei gratia Magister generalis, Christophorus by God's grace Margrave of Brandenburg (1565), Friedrich II., King of Denmark (1566), George Friedrich By God's grace Margrave of Brandenburg, in Prussia Duke and Hans Sigismund, Margrave and Elector of Brandenburg (1611), on whose shield the following inscription could be read:
“Diffugiant lites veniat cum pace
Triumphus floreat in patrio Pax generosa solo.
Translation:
quarrels disappear when peace comes.
Triumph blossoms, peace on his home soil. "
Other members were Hans Albrecht , Duke of Mecklenburg , Burgrave Fabian zu Dohna (1622), Paul Fuchs (1691) and Johann Ernst von Wallenrodt (1666).
The Junkerhof was used by the malt brewers, merchants and guild fishermen as a meeting place. The building had five so-called angle: Rats- , judicial , knights , can- and Hölkenwinkel (after "Holke" = ship).
Council angle
In the council corner there were paintings that Sigismund III. Wasa and Wladislaw IV. Wasa , kings of Poland. In addition there was the princely and old town coat of arms. There were also statues there depicting allegories of lowliness , wealth , luck and unhappiness .
Court or Schöppenwinkel
The statue of Moses , a cross and the statue of Justitia were in the court or Schöppenwinkel . There were also paintings there depicting Elector Johann Sigismund and his eldest son, Elector Georg Wilhelm .
Ritterwinkel
The elderly people's table was by the stove in the knight's corner . The figures of Charlemagne and King Arthur of Camelot stood on the windows . Inspired by the Arthurian legend, numerous Arthurian courts were built in the 14th century. There was also a statue of Roland there . The following poem was attached between the Arthurian and Roland statue, which the Siebert brothers later adopted in the new building:
“Arthurus Hoff was
already brought through the antiquity of times in such bad status and decline.
That everything would be prepared for his fall,
What made him a desert in this place.
God and the time still came early to this,
Belobte Altenstadt, the authorities judged
and both forces
took care of the matter and freed Arthurus Hoff from ruin.Through your help,
he thrived in better condition than
he was before this, your contribution made it
and God has given his grace and help in bringing this house of honor
into a beautiful building.
It will stand as long as the construction of the world will
last : This is what the people who now manage Arthurus Hoff wish
H. Martinus Wellenburg
H. Bartholomäus Höpfner, brewer
A. 1709 September 12th. "
In the knight's corner there was also a table with the painting of a hand severed with an ax with the following description
"No wapffen only (no arms bare),
no knife zick, (do not draw a knife)
Bey Straff of the hand (if the hand is punished)
avoid bad tück (avoid bad
tuck ) stop man breeding, (keep man discipline), Fried (peace),
Use moderation (use moderation),
otherwise follow tightly (otherwise punishment follows) and great suffering. "
On the walls were statues represented the allegories of piety, of war and of envy, and a statue of Hercules , the Centaurs killing.
In the knight's corner there were various works of art, such as the picture of St. George , the statue of calm and the picture of an old, frail man sitting on a chair holding a horn with beer , speaking to young men with the verses:
“If a young man only knew
how an old man lusted after drinking.
He would save a lot
in his younger years.
Everyone
should drink his beer with discipline and honor .
It's too warm in this place
that you have to drink all the time. "
Holkenwinkel
The Holkenwinkel was the meeting place for merchants and ship owners (guild fishermen). There were the statue of St. Sebastian , the images of the muses , the judgment of Paris with Juno , Venus and Pallas .
The coat of arms of the Hölkenwinkel represented a ship with two crossed boat hooks. Two rocks towered around the ship, which were crowned by the cities of Altstadt (Königsberg) and Löbenicht . Below were two coats of arms. A coat of arms showed a saint with a tower and palm tree and the bishop Adalbert .
Ribbons adorned with putti fluttered above the sailing ship . The ribbons emanated from Mary , who carried the baby Jesus in one arm and a rose in the other hand. The rose was a later addition of 1709 and came from a previous underlying silver shield of Rosenwinkel the Mälzenbrauer.
The silver shield was created by the Königsberg goldsmith Paul Hoffmann around 1550. It was part of a large silver treasure from merchants and guild sailors, which consisted of 93 shields and three gold-plated drinking horns. The treasure was sold to settle the war contribution of the Napoleonic Wars . On the ship's billowing sail read:
“Will Got so
Far ick wol de
wile ick leve
Whoever wants to give me that for gund
and not
narrowed d sl d mort
If God
wants it, I do well while
I am alive.
Anyone who grants me this
and does not
restrict me will kill me . "
The label was also called the Sund and was bought in 1848 by the confectioner Zappa for some 80 thalers. The heirs sold the sound , and in the 1860s it came to the Princely Hohenzollersche Museum in Sigmaringen , where it was exhibited under the name of the Danish Schifferzeichen . Walter Pirsch , member of the board of directors of the Königsberg Commercial Association, had the Sund purchased for 500 RM in 1929 and given it to the Königsberg Museum of Applied Arts. The sign ended up in the art collections of the Königsberg Castle.
Kannenwinkel
The Kannenwinkel was the meeting place and festival room of the malt brewers. The corner of the jug had a jug as a symbol, over it two large keys placed crosswise. The two crossed keys have been preserved from the coat of arms of this Kannenwinkel , now in the Kunstgewerbemuseum. They have a Gothic pattern with fish bubbles in the beard and handle. There is an engraving on the beards depicting dragons and birds. The material is sheet silver over wood.
The large hall in the Junkerhof was 21.2 m long and 11.3 m wide. On the Wassergasse there was a balcony with a wrought iron grille, which the merchant George Schomaker had completely gilded in 1710 and which was dedicated to addressing the people and the music choir.
His landmark was in the Artus Court: a man carved in wood with a night owl with a collar on his head .
literature
- Adolf Boetticher (Ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the province of East Prussia. On behalf of the East Prussian Provincial Parliament . Booklet VII. The architectural and art monuments in Königsberg. Bernhardt Teichert, Königsberg 1897, OCLC 312871065 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Anton Ulbrich: History of sculpture in East Prussia from the end of the 16th century to around 1870 , 2 volumes, Königsberg 1926–1929, p. 59: “ Statues in the Artushof … The old town Junkerhof or Artushof in the corner of Wassergasse was rich in sculptures Hofgasse in Königsberg ... "
- ↑ cf. Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt: Immortal Königsberg Castle. P. Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2004, OCLC 56686151, p. 101.
- ↑ Boetticher, p. 217: Altstädtischer Junckerhof
- ↑ Boetticher, p. 217: Altstädtischer Junckerhof
- ↑ archiv.preussische-allgemeine.de/1966/1966_03_26_13.pdf
- ↑ Boetticher, p. 214: Old town Junckerhof
- ↑ Boetticher, p. 214: Old town Junckerhof
- ↑ cf. Boetticher, pp. 353-357. Author's note: Boetticher assigns the silver shield to the Königsberg Artushof in the Kneiphof district . Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt , however, assigns the silver shield to the Königsberg Artushof in the Altstadt (Königsberg) district . The silver shield was part of the Königsberg castle collection, which is now considered lost.
- ^ Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt: Immortal Königsberg Castle. P. Lang, Frankfurt am Main 2004, OCLC 56686151, p. 101.
- ↑ Fig. 155.
Coordinates: 54 ° 42 ′ 31.8 " N , 20 ° 30 ′ 31.7" E