August Faust

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August Faust (born July 24, 1895 in Wilhelmshaven ; † May 7, 1945 in Breslau ) was a German professor of philosophy and a National Socialist .

Life

Faust, son of an accountant in the Reichsmarineamt , graduated from high school in Berlin in 1914 and began studying philosophy and German at the University of Kiel . During the First World War he was a volunteer in Berlin hospitals as a nurse. From 1916 he was deployed on the Western Front , where he was seriously wounded by a bullet in the neck. After the end of the war, Faust continued his studies with Heinrich Rickert at the University of Heidelberg in 1919 and from 1920 onwards he attended Husserl and Cohn in Freiburg . In the winter of 1920 he attended Heidegger's "Introduction to the Phenomenology of Religion". He earned his studies by teaching German to foreign students. Since neither Husserl nor Heidegger nor Richard Kroner's Hegel lectures convinced him, Faust concentrated on Kant and Fichte and the pre-Kantian philosophy under the guidance of Ernst Hoffmann . The doctorate took place in 1923 under Heinrich Rickert on the topic “ Descartes and Augustin . To distinguish between theoretical and religious certainty. ”Faust completed his habilitation in 1927 with the unpublished work“ Object consciousness and community consciousness ”. He then worked as a private lecturer and assistant at the Philosophical Seminar in Heidelberg at Rickert. He also taught at the teacher training college in Heidelberg. On June 16, 1933, he was appointed non-official extraordinary professor of philosophy and education. He moved to the University of Tübingen in the same position on April 1, 1935 and on January 1, 1937 received a position as full professor in Breslau as the successor to Siegfried Marck's chair, which had been vacant since 1933 . Here he was considered the "mouthpiece of the Rosenberg Office" .

Although 38 years old, Faust joined the Hitler Youth on September 15, 1933 . On July 19, 1934, he became a member of the National Socialist Teachers' Association (No. 295.688) as well as the department head of the teaching staff in Heidelberg. With the founding of the NSD-Dozentbunds in 1934, he became a member of the leadership of the Reichsdozenten and in Breslau, head of the NSDDB regional training course. On May 1, 1937, he joined the NSDAP ( membership number 4,014,685).

The philosophical work deals primarily with the transcendental philosophy of Kant and Fichte , with the history of philosophy and political pedagogy. In his main work, the two-volume work “Contributions to the History of the Problem of Possibility”, Faust tried to show that Fichte's science theory is a consistent further development of the Kantian system. During the time of National Socialism , Faust dealt with Jakob Böhme , whose work he published in three volumes. Faust was editor of the magazine "Pädagogische Hochschule". In a smaller text about Fichte, which arose from a speech, Faust makes him the forerunner of National Socialism by describing him as a socialist, opponent of the emancipation of Jews and an economic self-sufficiency . Faust saw the basis for an “authentic German-metaphysical way of life and interpretation of the world” in the series Eckhart - Copernicus - Paracelsus - Luther- Bohemian.

As part of the Ritterbusch campaign , Faust was the editor of the volume “The Image of War in German Thought”. He also wrote a "Philosophy of War". Another project was the revival of the Kant studies , which were published for the last time in 1937, and whose new editors as “Kant Studies New Series” in 1942 were alongside Faust the philosopher loyal to the regime Günther Lutz , Hans Heyse and Ferdinand Weinhandl .

Faust committed after the Siege of Breslau during the occupation of the city by the Red Army on 7 May 1945 by shooting suicide .

After the end of the war, his writings Johann Gottlieb Fichte ( Priebatsch , Breslau 1938) and Philosophy of War ( Eher , Munich 1942) and his published The Image of War in German Thought ( Kohlhammer , Berlin & Stuttgart 1941) in the Soviet zone of occupation were transferred to the List of literature to be discarded.

Fonts

  • Heinrich Rickert and his position within contemporary German philosophy. Tübingen 1927.
  • The thought of possibility. System historical investigations. Part one: Ancient Philosophy. Second part: Christian philosophy. Two volumes. Heidelberg 1931/1932.
  • Johann Gottlieb Fichte. Wroclaw 1938.
  • Philosophy of war. (= Series of publications on ideological training work of the NSDAP 17) Munich 1942.

Editing

  • Zen: The living Buddhism in Japan. Selected pieces of the Zen text, translated and introduced by Ohasama Shūej. With a foreword by Rudolf Otto , Perthes, Gotha 1925.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Biographical information according to: Christian Tilitzki: The University Philosophy in the Weimar Republic and in National Socialism. Berlin 2002, especially pp. 324–326.
  2. ↑ Christian Tilitzki: The university philosophy in the Weimar Republic and in National Socialism. Berlin 2002, p. 679.
  3. ↑ Christian Tilitzki: The university philosophy in the Weimar Republic and in National Socialism. Berlin 2002, p. 325.
  4. ↑ Christian Tilitzki: The university philosophy in the Weimar Republic and in National Socialism. Berlin 2002, p. 676.
  5. ↑ Christian Tilitzki: The university philosophy in the Weimar Republic and in National Socialism. Berlin 2002, p. 1123.
  6. ^ Ernst Klee: The dictionary of persons on the Third Reich. Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 145.
  7. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1946-nslit-f.html
  8. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1948-nslit-f.html
  9. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1948-nslit-b.html
personal data
SURNAME Faust, August
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH July 24, 1895
PLACE OF BIRTH Wilhelmshaven
DATE OF DEATH May 7, 1945
Place of death Wroclaw