Auguste Karoline von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel

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Auguste Karoline von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
Coat of arms of Auguste Karoline
Contemporary portrait by an unknown painter
Augusta's tomb in Kullamaa Church.

Princess Auguste Karoline von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , full name Auguste Karoline Friederike Luise von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (born December 3, 1764 in Braunschweig ; † September 27, 1788 in Koluvere / Estonia ) was a member of the House of Hanover ( Welfen ) and was a princess by marriage of Württemberg .

Life

Auguste Karoline was the eldest daughter of Duke Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1735–1806) and his wife Princess Augusta of Hanover (1737–1813), daughter of Friedrich Ludwig of Hanover , Prince of Wales, and Princess Augusta of Saxony- Gotha-Altenburg . She was thus a niece of King George III. of Great Britain and Ireland .

On October 11, 1780, Princess Auguste Karoline married the prince and later King Friedrich Wilhelm Karl von Württemberg (1754-1816), the eldest son of Duke Friedrich Eugen and Princess Friederike Dorothea Sophia von Brandenburg-Schwedt in Braunschweig .

The marriage between Friedrich and Auguste Karoline was strained from the start. The then 16-year-old was far inferior in her childish playfulness to her ten-year-old husband. This was intellectually ahead of her, and self-confident to the point of being opinionated. In 1781, already pregnant, she wanted to separate, but was urged by her father to stay with her husband. In 1783 the family moved to Russian Finland , because Empress Catherine the Great installed Frederick there as governor general. In Russia the conflict intensified and violence even broke out.

Auguste Karoline won the favor of the Tsarina, who bestowed her with the Order of Catherine in 1783 . She spent most of the time around the Tsar's court in a house that the Tsarina had given her and rarely went to Wiborg , where her husband resided. She gave birth to four children between 1781 and 1785. In December 1786, after a play, she threw herself before Tsarina Katharina II for help. She, who was aware of the situation, did not hesitate, took Auguste Karoline into her care and expelled Friedrich from the country. Auguste was brought into the care of the sixty-year-old Hofjägermeister Reinhold Wilhelm von Pohlmann (1727–1795) at Lohde Castle ; he may have abused this trust. Auguste Karoline died on September 16, 1788 after a miscarriage because she had been refused any medical help to cover up the pregnancy. Today she is buried in Kullamaa Church.

The marriage had four children:
⚭ 1816 Grand Duchess Katharina Pavlovna (1788–1819)
⚭ 1807 Jérôme Bonaparte (1784–1860)
⚭ 1805 Princess Charlotte of Saxony-Hildburghausen (1787–1847)

literature

  • Elisabeth E. Kwan, Anna Eunike Röhrig : women from the court of the Guelphs. 2nd edition, Piper, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-492-25043-6 .
  • Zoé Oldenbourg: Catherine the Great. The Germans on the Tsar's throne. Heyne, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-453-55018-8 .
  • Anna Eunike Röhrig: Auguste von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel. In: murder or not? Unusual deaths in the elucidated time. Matrix Media-Verlag, Göttingen 2014, ISBN 978-3-932313-64-6 , pp. 108-122.
  • Harald Baron von Toll: Princess Auguste of Württemberg. In: Esthländische literary society (Hrsg.): Contributions to the customer Ehst, Liv and Kurland. Volume 4, Issue 1. Franz Kluge, Reval 1901, OCLC 775871546 p. 3 ff. ( Dspace.utlib.ee ).
  • Harald Baron von Toll: Princess Auguste von Württemberg, died at Lohde Castle in Estonia in 1788. Franz Kluge publisher, Reval 1902. OCLC 504214513 .
  • Silke Wagner-Fimpel: Auguste Karoline Friederike, Princess of Württemberg, b. Duchess of Braunschweig and Lüneburg (Wolfenbüttel). In: Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Dieter Lent et al. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 60-61 .

Web links

Commons : Auguste Karoline von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Horst-Rüdiger Jarck , Dieter Lent et al. (Ed.): Braunschweigisches Biographisches Lexikon - 8th to 18th century . Appelhans Verlag, Braunschweig 2006, ISBN 3-937664-46-7 , p. 60-61 .
personal data
SURNAME Auguste Karoline von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Auguste Karoline Friederike Luise von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel; Auguste Karoline of Württemberg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Member of the House of Hanover (Welfen) and, by marriage, Princess of Württemberg
DATE OF BIRTH December 3, 1764
PLACE OF BIRTH Braunschweig
DATE OF DEATH September 27, 1788
Place of death Koluvere