Bühlbach (Fischach)

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Bühlbach
Data
Water code DE : 2386646
location Swabian-Franconian forest mountains

Baden-Württemberg

River system Rhine
Drain over Fischach  → Kocher  → Neckar  → Rhine  → North Sea
source about 1.5 km north of Gaildorf - Winzenweiler
49 ° 1 ′ 58 ″  N , 9 ° 48 ′ 31 ″  E
Source height approx.  504  m above sea level NHN
Mouth height 385.2  m above sea level NHN
Height difference approx. 118.8 m
Bottom slope approx. 25 ‰
length 4.8 km
Catchment area 3.889 km²
Right tributaries Amsbach
Residents in the catchment area under 150

The Bühlbach is a nearly 5 km long stream predominantly in the area of ​​the municipality Obersontheim in the district of Schwäbisch Hall in north-eastern Baden-Württemberg , which flows into the middle Fischach from the right and west a little below the village of Mittelfischach .

geography

course

The Bühlbach arises on the wooded plateau of the northern Limpurg Mountains about one and a half kilometers north of the Gaildorf hamlet of Winzenweiler, a little next to the coal road and already on the Obersontheimer district. There, near a shallow, approximately 20-meter-long forest pond, a water channel begins in a depression that deepens towards the east, in which the stream reaches up to 504  m above sea level. NHN arises. It moves eastwards from here to the mouth, after about a hundred meters it crosses the forest road that runs at the upper bend in the plateau and then digs its wide valley basin between the plateau protrusions around the Haspelsee in the south and the Harzplatte in the north, in which it descends comparatively slowly running. In doing so, he also briefly cuts through a corner of the Gaildorf district. Just under a kilometer below the origin, it is about 440  m above sea level. NHN the waste flatter, a little later it crosses under the arch of an equally well-established gravel forest path that runs here at the foot of its mountain bay. Soon afterwards he steps to the edge of the flat ledge that extends westward between Rappoltsau and Rappoltshofen in the north to the foot of the Limpurger Mountains.

In small meanders of a very slowly deepening trough, accompanied by alders and mostly quite close to the edge of the forest, it continues eastwards until it reaches its first and only larger inflow through the 2nd at about 2.8 km after its source at about 424  m , 1 km long Amsbach , which arises a little west of the already mentioned Haspelsee dammed up on the plateau, runs through it and then falls through a steeper blade . At this confluence in a moist meadow lowland, it now leaves the last foothills of the forest and finally enters the sub- natural area Fischachtal Bay with edge heights , which, like the mountain landscape just left, is part of the Swabian-Franconian forest mountains . Soon it flows a quarter of a kilometer north of Rappoltsau piped under the K 2622 Engelhofen- Rappoltshofen, the first public road on its way, and now mostly runs at the foot of the steeper right hollow slope Hägele under field hedges, a cattle pasture in an old orchard and a small strip of hillside forest. while on the flatter left slope the fields reach close to the shore. At the beginning of the forest, it feeds a small pond on the right bank at about 406  m , at the Waldostspitze a field path crosses the stream, after which it now moves next to it in a ditch.

Following the next approaching field path, a short ditch with little water flows out of the Finstere Klinge valley from the left , after which the stream runs at a little below 400  m above sea level. NHN in the floodplain of its lower course in an almost straight line between fields and meadows eastwards and is spanned at about 396  m by the so-called Black Bridge on state road 1066 from Gaildorf to Mittelfischach. Between the slopes of Bergäcker on the right and Naßhalde on the left - the last one is slightly higher at 430  m and shows blade- like recesses and heather-like vegetation in three places, while the upper slope edge of the Bergäcker is followed by a strip of coniferous forest - the flat floodplain widens on both sides of the stream that is accompanied by loose wood strong. At a distance of a little more than a hundred meters, it passes the cemetery and the southern outskirts of Mittelfischach and then crosses under the valley road K 2627, which follows the small river, at the crossing into the Fischachaue.After another 400 meters across and woodless over the Fischachaue, the Bühlbach finally flows out 400 meters from the outskirts of Mittelfischach at 385.2  m above sea level. NHN from the right into the lower Fischach running south-east in a also straightened ditch .

The Bühlbach flows after a 4.8 km long run with a mean slope of about 25 ‰ about 119 meters below its highest point of origin.

Catchment area

The Brühlbach drains a 3.9 km² catchment area eastwards to the Fischach , the slightly smaller part of which lies in the northern Limpurger Mountains on their plateau and on the eastern slope, and the slightly larger part of the adjoining lowland Fischachbucht and edge heights , both sub-areas of the natural area of ​​the Swabian- Franconian forest mountains .

The catchment area extends from the quite flat plateau of the Limpurger Mountains to 510  m above sea level. NHN and something about north of Winzenheim hamlet where the card on Nordwesteck in Streitberg with 514.1  m ever mentions the greatest height, about 4.8 km away eastward to the mouth. Across it, it is a maximum of 1.3 km wide. In the north the drainage area of ​​the Rappoltshofener Benzenbach borders, in the southeast that of the Engelhofener Breitenbach , both of which also run east to the Fischach. In the south-west on the plateau, the upper reaches of the Rotklingenbach of the Sulzbacher Eisbach competes in the south-south-west with the upward Kocher , on the other side of the plateau on the western slope of the Limpurger Mountains two headwaters and a tributary of the Eutendorfer Steppach closer to the Kocher.

The natural border between the mountains in the west and the Fischach Bay in the east follows the tree line to the meadows in the lowlands. There prevail two height levels before: an average of 430 to 420  m , can be found on the mainly farmland, and a lower at 410- 395  m to the estuary of the Bühlbachs itself and the Fischachtalaue, where there are more meadows.

The low population is limited to the two farms of the Rappoltsau a little before the tree line and the younger southern settlement edge of Mittelfischach, which stands on the slope of the upward spur of the mouth. These settlement sites belong to the municipality of Obersontheim. In addition, Gaildorf has a share of about 1 km² in the catchment area, exclusively forest areas, especially on the plateau around the Haspelsee.

Tributaries and lakes

List of tributaries and RiverIcon-SmallLake.svglakes from source to mouth. Length of water, lake area and catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted.

Origin of the Bühlbach at about 504  m above sea level. NHN on the wooded plateau of the northern Limpurger Mountains 1.5 km north of Gaildorf - Winzenweiler already on Obersontheimer municipality marker on the south side of the Streitberg and a little west of the coal road . The stream runs east from start to finish.

  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgIs close to the origin from a flat forest pond at a little over 505  m above sea level. NHN fed, about 1  a .
  • Amsbach , from the right and west-southwest to about 424  m above sea level. NHN about 200 meters before crossing under the K 2621 Engelhofen - Rappoltshofen in a meadow lowland a quarter of a kilometer northwest of Rappoltsau , 2.1 km and about 1.1 km². Arises at about 500  m above sea level. NHN approx. 0.2 km west of the Haspelsee , initially runs east and until almost the end it runs at most east-northeast.
    • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgAfter about 200 meters it flows through to about 498  m above sea level. NHN the front of Kohlenstraße accumulated Haspelsee , 1.3 ha.
    • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFeeds at about 422  m above sea level. NHN an elongated fish pond on the right of the course about 30 meters southwest of Rappoltsau, under 1  a . Then bend north for the last 0.3 km run.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFeeds at about 406  m above sea level. NHN a small pond to the right of the course at the foot of the hillside forest under the Hägele , 0.1 ha.
  • Inflow from the Finsteren Klinge , from the left and north to about 399  m above sea level. NHN at a fork in the field about 300 meters west of the Black Bridge (Bühlbach Bridge on the L 1066 Winzenweiler – Mittelfischach), about 0.3 km and about 0.2 km². Arises at about 404  m above sea level. NHN and runs as a ditch next to a dirt road in the lower area of ​​the Sinister Blade.

Mouth of the Bühlbach from the right and west to 385.2  m above sea level. NHN about 400 meters southeast of the outskirts of Mittelfischach in the lower Fischach . The Bühlbach is 4.8 km long and has a 3.9 km² catchment area.

geology

The course of the Bühlbach begins in the upper Mittelkeupers in the silica sandstone ( Hassberge Formation ) or, if necessary, in the Upper Bunten Marln ( Mainhardt Formation ) that is still on top of it in the area of ​​the Streitberg . From the edge of the slope it quickly runs through the lower colored marl ( Steigerwald Formation ) underneath and then crosses a second belt of reed sandstone ( Stuttgart Formation ). Even before he reaches the level at the foot of the mountain, he is walking in the gypsum keuper ( grave field formation ), whose erosion-resistant Corbula layer is the cause of the wide plain on both sides of his initially narrow hollow, which he has already cleared. Their easternmost foothills still cover the mountain fields and the Naßhalde . The mouth lies in the plaster keuper. Even before the inlet of the Amsbach there is a flood sediment band on the bottom of the trough, which is widening more and more.

A southern tectonic lateral fault of the Neckar-Jagst furrow roughly follows the upper course and presumably extends into the flat foreland.

Nature and protected areas

The Bühlbach has a very natural course in its forest section and beyond. In its not particularly steep and rather wide forest blade on the mountain slope, it flows partly in a flat, partly in a steeply incised bed, which often changes direction in small areas. Sometimes it has an inlet from the side from small rivulets. In some places the bottom is rocky, elsewhere there are small piles of sand. After crossing the lower farm road in a flat course in the forest, a series of wet meadows lines up on its bank. Below the first road near Rappoldsau, under a large field hedge on the left slope, there is a pond close to the bank. After leaving the last strip of forest on the bank behind, the Bühlbach begins to run on a field path bridge in an artificial bed, initially changing direction. Reeds on the bank accompany him to the Black Bridge of the Landesstrasse. After the main road it runs very straight and is accompanied by loose wood, often also by dirt roads and crossings next to and in the fields and meadows close to the shore. On the other side of the Fischachtalstraße, it strives in a dead straight line and without any wood on the banks to the mouth.

The eastern parts of the catchment area in the open field belong to the nature reserve Fischachtal with side valleys and adjacent areas between Herlebach and Kottspiel . This also includes the smaller, flat forest areas at the foot of the mountain between Bühlbach, Amsbach and its mouth. The tree line also separates the natural areas Limpurger Berge in the west and Fischachtal Bay with marginal heights in the east. The Gaildorf area in the west belongs to the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park .

See also

Individual evidence

LUBW

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Bühlbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer .
  2. ↑ a b Height according to black lettering on the background layer topographic map .
  3. ↑ a b Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
  4. ↑ a b Catchment area according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
  5. ↑ Lake area after the layer standing waters .
  6. ↑ Length according to the water network layer (AWGN) of the LUBW's online map server, in addition to which the course of the Amsbach, west of the Haspelsee, not recorded there, is measured on the background layer topographic map .
  7. ↑ Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .
  8. ↑ a b Length measured on the background layer topographic map .
  9. ↑ Protected areas according to the relevant layers, nature partly according to the biotope layer .

Other evidence

  1. ↑ Wolf-Dieter Sick : Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. →  Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
  2. ↑ a b Lake area estimated by visual inspection.
  3. ↑ Geology according to the layers for Geological Map 1: 50,000 on: Map server of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes ). The geological maps listed under → Literature offer a similar picture  .

literature

  • Topographical map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as single sheet No. 6924 Gaildorf and No. 6925 Obersontheim.
  • Geological map of the Swabian-Franconian Forest Nature Park 1: 50,000, published by the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining Baden-Württemberg, Freiburg i. Br. 2001.
  • Geological map of Baden-Württemberg 1: 25,000, published by the State Geological Office 1982, sheet no. 6925 Obersontheim with explanatory booklet.

Web links