Bündner Naturmuseum

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Chur Nature Museum

The Bündner Naturmuseum ( Rhaeto-Romanic Museum da la natira dal Grischun , Italian Museo della natura die Grigioni ) is a museum in the Grisons canton capital Chur . It is operated by the canton together with the Bündner Kunstmuseum and the Rätisches Museum .

The Bündner Naturmuseum sees itself as an information center for natural scientific regional studies and as a place for ecological awareness-raising.

Location

The museum is located at Masanserstrasse 31. It is open Tuesday to Sunday from 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Admission is free for children under 16 and school classes. The museum is a five-minute walk from the train station.

history

The collections of the Bündner Naturmuseum go back to the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century. At that time, people from the Bündner Kantonsschule and the Graubünden Natural Research Society began to take over objects and collections from private property and collect them themselves. In the following decades they built up a rich natural history cabinet . In 1872 the cantonal "Graubünden Museum for Science and Art" was founded in Buol'schen Haus, today's Rätisches Museum . However, it soon became difficult to accommodate all of the objects and collections there.

The lack of space persisted in the following decades. An initial improvement enabled the natural history and art collection to be housed in the Villa Planta on Postplatz (today's Bündner Kunstmuseum ) made available by the administration of the Rhaetian Railway from 1919 to 1929 . The second temporary reduction in the lack of space occurred when the exhibition was relocated to the "Bündner Natural History and National Park Museum" in the park next to Villa Planta (1929–1967).

A legacy of the geologist Dr. Moritz Blumenthal (1886–1967) made it possible to build today's Bündner Naturmuseum on the former Durgiai property at Masanserstrasse 31. Architects were Bruno Giacometti and Dante C. Giannini. The museum was initially called "Bündner Natur-Museum" and 25 years later changed this spelling to "Bündner Naturmuseum". After the completion of the new building, the museum was donated by the Dr. M. Blumenthal to the canton. The foundation dissolved in 1981. The museum opened its exhibitions on March 21, 1981. For the first time it was now possible to have collections, exhibitions and activities under one roof. Since from then on the collecting activity concentrated on objects of Graubünden origin, many objects were discarded during the move.

In 2001, the Bündner Naturmuseum Collection Foundation was established. This foundation is supported by the Canton of Graubünden , the Natural Research Society of Graubünden and the City of Chur . The foundation owns all of the collections in the Bündner Naturmuseum. The canton continues to be responsible for running the museum.

collection

The heart of the museum is its collections, which are estimated to be between 300,000 and 500,000 objects. The museum's collection activities are limited to the nature of the canton of Graubünden and the neighboring regions, provided there is a connection to the Graubünden Alpine region. The collections document the nature of the canton of Graubünden and its development. They are divided into the two large areas of life sciences ( zoology and botany ) and earth sciences ( geology , mineralogy , paleontology ). While some of the collections are 200 years old, others were created recently or are constantly being expanded.

exhibition

View of the permanent exhibition "Habitat Graubünden" from the Bündner Naturmuseum.

Particularly impressive and meaningful objects from the collection are made available to the general public by showing them in the permanent exhibition. The permanent exhibition extends over four floors of the building and is divided into four subject areas. In the basement, the world of fish and other creatures in the Grisons waters is shown. The ground floor is dedicated to the topic of "Graubünden's mammals". The first floor shows the diversity of all living things from vertebrates and insects to lichens , mushrooms , mosses and flowering plants . A rock face adorned with different birds along the stairs from the first to the second floor symbolizes the transition from animate to inanimate nature and shows the importance of rock faces as a habitat for various animals. Rocks , minerals and fossils are exhibited on the second floor and the formation of the Alps and the formation of various types of rock are illustrated.

The permanent exhibition of the Bündner Naturmuseum is supplemented by special exhibitions, usually two a year. They convey information on current nature issues. Some of these special exhibitions are created by the Bündner Naturmuseum itself, others are borrowed from other museums.

Brown bear "JJ3"

Predator showcase from the Bündner Naturmuseum with the specimen from the brown bear "JJ3".

In the midst of the predators of Graubünden on the ground floor, "JJ3" represents the brown bears in an inconspicuous position. The preparation of "JJ3" has been in the Bündner Naturmuseum since March 20, 2009. "JJ3", the son of "Jurka" and "Joze", was born in the spring of 2006 in Val di Tovel (Trento, Italy). From his mother he learned that there are valuable sources of food in the vicinity of people that are relatively easy to access and undisturbed. Unlike most bears, he was not shy of people. At the beginning of June 2007 "JJ3" immigrated to Switzerland via the Münstertal. He soon began to get his food out of rubbish bins. Reparation actions do not show the desired success. He appeared repeatedly in villages and was usually one step ahead of the rangers, despite the GPS transmitter collar. On April 9, 2008, "JJ3", based on the bear concept of the Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN), was declared from a problem bear to a risk bear and thus released for shooting. On the evening of April 14, 2008, he was shot at the Glaspass near Inner Glas / Jätscha. Since then it has been used in the Bündner Naturmuseum to provide information about its conspecifics.

On February 19, 2013, the brown bear "M13" , who immigrated to Switzerland from South Tyrol , suffered the same fate as "JJ3" in Poschiavo. The remains of "M13" do not come to the Bündner Naturmuseum as is often written. The preparation of M13 is to be exhibited in the Museo Poschiavino.

"Fridolin" - hybrid ibex x domestic goat

The preparation "Fridolin" in the permanent exhibition of the Bündner Naturmuseum

Standing on a high stone, the "Fridolin" specimen towers over the ungulates on the ground floor. "Fridolin" is an ibex - domestic goat - hybrid ( Capra ibex ibex x Capra aegagrus f. Hircus ).

"Fridolin" was already widely known during his lifetime. In the autumn of 1983 could be the Alpabtrieb from Alp Naucal in Calancatal a few females of Grisons rays goats -Herde not catch. They didn't come back to the village until the first snow came in January 1984. Two of them had apparently mated with an ibex and brought in Sta. Maria in Calanca gave birth to three healthy, male fawns . One of these fawns was "Fridolin". While he had the more delicate build and beard of a goat, his horn growth, his coat color, his vocalizations and his climbing ability were more reminiscent of an ibex.

"Fridolin" shows the close relationship between the ibex and the goat. Although such crosses are viable, even reproductive, they are rare. Normally, the goats are locked in their stables during the ibex rut in December and January and there cannot even be a mating between ibex and show.

The news of "Fridolin's" birth aroused the interest of the Bündner Naturmuseum. It bought "Fridolin" and paid to keep the animal. On February 22nd, 1995, "Fridolin" died at the place of his owner in Malans at the age of almost eleven of old age.

Most important Swiss find of mountain gold from the Val Sumvitg

In the mineral collection on the second floor is the largest part of the most important find of mountain gold in Switzerland. In July 2000 René Reichmuth discovered a gold- bearing quartz vein, a so-called "quartz vein", in the Val Sumvitg . From this he won 15 larger samples. In order to determine the exact distribution of the gold in the rock, the samples were x-rayed at the Eidgenössische Materialprüfungsanstalt (EMPA) . Specialists in California worked and cleaned the larger steps. The Bündner Naturmuseum acquired one tier in August 2001.

Pterosaurs Raeticodactylus filisurensis

On the second floor in the fossil collection is holotype of pterosaur Raeticodactylus filisurensis shown. It is the best-preserved pterosaur that has been found in Switzerland to this day. In 2005, the hobby paleontologist and secondary school teacher Rico Stecher from Chur discovered the fossilized remains of this pterosaur on the Tinzenhorn . They were embedded in shallow water deposits from the Upper Triassic that were around 205 to 210 million years old . The skeleton is a previously unknown species. Rico Stecher gave it the name Raeticodactylus filisurensis (Raetia (Latin): old name of the canton of Graubünden, where the skeleton was found; dactylus (Greek): indicates the long fourth wing finger; Filisur (Romanesque): name of the place where the skeleton was found; -ensis (Latin): from; thus the "Bündner Flugfinger von Filisur"). Raeticodactylus filisurensis was a graceful flier and with a wingspan of 135 centimeters was about the size of a common buzzard . Its teeth and other features of the skull suggest that this pterosaur was a highly specialized fish eater.

Scientific activity

For decades, the Bündner Naturmuseum has contributed to researching the diverse nature of Graubünden. In order to be able to convey realistic and up-to-date information to the public, the museum also participates in research projects. Examples of such projects are:

  1. The project biodiversity in the alpine region, which developed as a successor to the 2nd GEO day of biodiversity on June 3, 2000. and aims to research the alpine habitat.
  2. Research into mammals, especially the small mammals of Graubünden.
  3. Two projects to research the deadwood beetle fauna in the Scatlè ( Brigels ) and Avers primeval forest , in which the Bündner Naturmuseum and the Bündner Naturmuseum Collection have been involved since 2012.
  4. A project in which the Bündner Naturmuseum, together with Vogelschutz Chur, is compiling an inventory of common swift breeding grounds in Chur.

Web links

Commons : Bündner Naturmuseum  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Opening times / prices. Homepage of the Bündner Naturmuseum.
  2. ↑ a b c d e The Bündner Naturmuseum in Chur - 1872–2014. Juerg Paul Müller. 2014. Annual report of the Natural Research Society of Graubünden, 118: pp. 29–51.
  3. ^ History of the museum. Homepage of the Bündner Naturmuseum.
  4. ↑ Collection. Homepage of the Bündner Naturmuseum .
  5. ^ Collection concept Bündner Naturmuseum. Marion Schmid and Ueli Rehsteiner. August 31, 2012. Foundation of the Bündner Naturmuseum Collection, Chur.
  6. ↑ exhibitions. Homepage of the Bündner Naturmuseum .
  7. ↑ "Bears in Graubünden" in "Didactic materials - Predators in the Bündner Naturmuseum", pp. 18-19. Bündner Naturmuseum.
  8. ↑ "Portraits of the exhibits - brown bear (Ursus arctos), ♂, 'JJ3'" in "Didactic materials - Predators in the Bündner Naturmuseum", pp. 26–28. Bündner Naturmuseum.
  9. ↑ The Bear JJ3. Life is not a licking honey. Katja Alves. 2010. Tierschutzverlag, Zurich.
  10. ↑ M13 comes to the Chur Nature Museum. Martin Wilhelm. February 20, 2013. Basler Zeitung (bazonline).
  11. ^ Government notification of May 2, 2013. Canton of Graubünden.
  12. ↑ Landed in the museum - but how? March 2012. In-house newspaper Bündner Naturmuseum, No. 42: p. 4.
  13. ↑ Label for "Fridolin", bastard ibex x domestic goat (Capra ibex ibex x Capra aegagrus f. Hircus) on the ground floor of the Bündner Naturmuseum. Bündner Naturmuseum.
  14. ↑ Display panels on the topic of gold on the second floor of the Bündner Naturmuseum. Bündner Naturmuseum.
  15. ↑ A new Triassic pterosaur from Switzerland (Central Austroalpine, Grisons), Raeticodactylus filisurensis gen. Et sp. nov. Rico engraver. 2008. Swiss Journal of Geosciences, 101: pp. 185-201.
  16. ↑ Showcase panels for Raeticodactylus filisurensis on the second floor of the Bündner Naturmuseum. Bündner Naturmuseum.
  17. ↑ Projects: General. Homepage of the Bündner Naturmuseum .
  18. ↑ A 24-hour campaign to record biodiversity on Alp Flix (Graubünden): Methods and results. Ambros Hänggi and Jürg P. Müller. 2011. Annual report of the Naturforschenden Gesellschaft Graubünden, 110: pp. 5–36.
  19. ↑ Projects: Treasure Island Alp Flix. Homepage of the Bündner Naturmuseum .
  20. ↑ The mammals of Graubünden - an overview. Jürg Paul Müller, Hannes Jenny, Miriam Lutz, Erich Mühletaler & Thomas Briner. 2010. Desertina Verlag.
  21. ↑ Deadwood beetle in the Scatlé jungle, Breil / Brigls. June 2015. In-house newspaper Bündner Naturmuseum, No. 51: p. 6.
  22. ^ Projects: Common Swift Mapping Chur. Homepage of the Bündner Naturmuseum .

Coordinates: 46 ° 51 '15.1 "  N , 9 ° 32' 3.4"  E ; CH1903:  759 802  /  191364