Düsseldorf-Derendorf train station

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The Dusseldorf-Derendorf railway station is a railway station about four kilometers north of the main train station in Dusseldorf district Derendorf . It used to be a marshalling yard that stretched further south to the Pempelfort district , where its roots go back to 1877 as the Düsseldorf Rheinisch railway station of the Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft .

After the nationalization of the nominally private railway companies and takeover by the Prussian State Railways , passenger transport was given up in favor of the new Düsseldorf central station, since then the station has only served as a freight station or depot .

The Düsseldorf-Derendorf train station (abbreviation in the KDD directory of operations ) should not be confused with today's Düsseldorf-Derendorf stop ( KDDH ), a stop for the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn .

history

As early as 1838, the Düsseldorf-Elberfelder Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft , which was later taken over by the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft , began to build a railway line to Elberfeld in an easterly direction from its Düsseldorf DEE (later Düsseldorf BME ) train station, which is centrally located on Graf-Adolf-Platz .

The Cologne-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft followed in 1845 with its Düsseldorf CME station, a terminus about one kilometer southwest of today's main station on its Cologne – Duisburg line , which crossed the city from south to north.

In contrast to its competitors, the Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft had long bypassed Düsseldorf when planning and building its routes. They first came near them on November 19, 1874 with the opening of their Troisdorf – Mülheim-Speldorf railway , which passed the city to the east. Due to the steadily growing importance of the city, the decision was made to have a presence in the city itself. To this end, the Düsseldorf RhE station was opened on January 1, 1877 in Düsseldorf-Derendorf at the end of a branch line to the Hardt junction.

This station was then the starting point of the Rheinschen route via Wuppertal to Dortmund , which was opened on September 15, 1879 and is often called the Wuppertal Northern Railway .

After the nationalization of the nominally private railway companies and the amalgamation of their routes, the station was renamed in Düsseldorf-Derendorf and on July 22, 1889 a new reception building for passenger traffic was opened on Düsselthaler Straße (or Franklinstraße), which was opened a year later started handling freight too. The entrance building was mockingly compared to an emergency church by the writer Adolf Uzarski because of its slate cladding and pointed turrets.

The original marshalling yard was located on both sides of the continuous main line and had an unfavorable track plan design . Each of his two maneuvering systems had two drainage mountains .

The station was completely rebuilt around 1936. Passenger traffic was relocated to the new Düsseldorf-Derendorf stop on the east side of the railway facilities on Münsterstrasse, and in 1936 a new reception building was added. The rest of the station was continued as a pure marshalling and freight yard. It was converted into a two-sided train station, with the special feature that both drainage mountains were operated in a north-south direction. The western drainage mountain had two subsequently put into operation in 1965, the eastern one, however, had no rail brakes . From the largest part of the upstream approach group in the northern part, only the eastern drainage mountain could be used. In addition, a new depot was built for the approach group .

Deportations

From 1941 to 1944, Jewish citizens from the entire Düsseldorf administrative district, i.e. the catchment area of ​​the Düsseldorf state police headquarters , were deported to ghettos and concentration camps from the Düsseldorf-Derendorf train station . The evening before the appointments, the Jewish people had to go to the slaughterhouse on Rather Strasse , where they were registered and plundered by body searches. The next day they had to go south to the loading ramps, where they were loaded into 3rd class passenger cars. The deportations were initially carried out in four large transports, each with around 1,000 people: October 27, 1941 to Łodz / Litzmannstadt (1,003 people); on November 10, 1941 in the Minsk ghetto (993 people); on December 11, 1941 to the Riga ghetto (1,007); on April 22, 1942 to Izbica near Lublin (1,051). Then there were eight transports of the elderly, the weak and the sick as well as children and young people to the Theresienstadt concentration camp , mainly at the end of July 1942 and in January 1945. Two transports to the Sobibor extermination camp and to Auschwitz started from other locations and made one in Düsseldorf Stopover where additional people got on. In total, almost 6,000 Jewish people from the administrative district were deported from here. There had already been deportations from Düsseldorf: on October 28, 1938 to Bentschen / Poland (361 Düsseldorf Jews of Polish descent; see Poland Action ) from the main station; on November 16, 1938 to the Dachau concentration camp (87 male Düsseldorf Jews, November campaign ) via the main train station and from around 100 Düsseldorf Sinti in May 1940 via the Cologne-Deutz train station .

Place of remembrance

On April 22, 2012, a memorial was inaugurated south of the Jülich Bridge by Mayor Dirk Elbers in memory of the deportations from the administrative district (1941–1945). The memorial, known as the Place of Remembrance, commemorates the more than 6,000 Jews from the Lower Rhine who were deported to National Socialist ghettos and camps via the Düsseldorf-Derendorf freight yard. Railway sleepers embedded in the ground, rail tracks and a 40-meter-long steel wall bearing the names of the destinations Litzmannstadt, Minsk, Riga, Theresienstadt, Izbica and Auschwitz, as well as an information stele form an ensemble of remembrance at the historic location. The memorial is illuminated in the evening and night. In the area further south on Schinkelstrasse there is another information pillar. The project was carried out by the Düsseldorf Memorial .

Connection

The station extended from the Düsseldorf-Derendorf junction to today's Düsseldorf Wehrhahn station . He had a total of six signal boxes with the designations De, Dnf, Dgm, Dn, Dnf, Dsf and R1, of which up to five were used at the same time. The signal box De has not been used since 1977. The much larger southern part of the station, consisting of the two directional groups, was shut down in the 1990s and the associated signal boxes Dgm, Dsf and R1 demolished in April 2007. The track systems have also been completely dismantled.

Although the Düsseldorf-Derendorf freight station is located on the west side of the six-track railway line from Düsseldorf to Duisburg, but most of the freight train lines run east of this line, all lines could be reached at level:

  1. To the north, in addition to the two S-Bahn tracks on the Düsseldorf-Oberbilk-Essen-Kupferdreh line ( Ruhr Valley Railway ), another track crosses the Cologne-Duisburg main line and meets the Ruhr Valley Railway at the Vogelsang junction.
  2. To the east, a track crosses under the main route in the area of ​​the Rethel junction and then leads directly to the Dora junction on the Düsseldorf-Derendorf-Dortmund Süd railway line . This track has already been used to direct regional trains from the local tracks on the west side of the route to the tracks leading to Cologne on the east side without crossing.
  3. To the south, another track crossed under the main route in the Düsseldorf-Wehrhahn area and led directly to the goods bypass route via Düsseldorf-Lierenfeld. This track was demolished today and the concrete foundation of a catenary mast was built in the northern ramp.
  4. To the west, another track runs next to the local passenger tracks to the main train station and offers the opportunity to drive past its platform tracks onto the Mönchengladbach – Düsseldorf railway line .

Todays situation

Just like the Düsseldorf-Bilk and Düsseldorf-Lierenfeld freight stations, the Düsseldorf-Derendorf freight station has largely been shut down and demolished. Today the site is part of the Derendorf development area . Only the smaller northern part (former approach group) is still in operation with a reduced number of tracks and is controlled by the remaining signal boxes Dn and Dnf. The station is still equipped with form signals .

In the vicinity of the former station in 1969 in the course of the establishment of the S-Bahn Rhein-Ruhr the breakpoint Dusseldorf Zoo built which, like the current breakpoint Dusseldorf-Derendorf of the train-lines S 1, S 6 and S 11 controlled becomes.

Web links

Deutsche Bahn AG:

NRWbahnarchiv by André Joost:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Endmann, Karl: Düsseldorf and its railways in the past and present. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-613-01134-4 , p. 85
  2. ↑ Endmann, Karl: Düsseldorf and its railways in the past and present. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-613-01134-4 , pp. 89-90
  3. ^ Directory of the track brake systems of the DB Signalwerkstatt Wuppertal from November 15, 1979 (822/1527)
  4. ^ Angela Genger & Hildegard Jakobs Eds . : Düsseldorf - Ghetto Litzmannstadt 1941. Ed. Mahn- und Gedenkstätte Düsseldorf , Klartext, Essen 2010.
  5. ^ Alfred Gottwaldt , Diana Schulle: The 'Deportations of Jews' from the German Reich from 1941–1945, Marix Verlag 2005, ISBN 978-3865390592

Coordinates: 51 ° 14 ′ 53.3 "  N , 6 ° 47 ′ 36.3"  E