Balanophoraceae

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Balanophoraceae
Two species of the Balanophoraceae: Lophophytum mirabile on the left, Sarcophyte sanguinea on the right

Two species of the Balanophoraceae: Lophophytum mirabile on the left, Sarcophyte sanguinea on the right

Systematics
Subdivision : Seed plants (Spermatophytina)
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Eudicotyledons
Nuclear eudicotyledons
Order : Sandalwoods (Santalales)
Family : Balanophoraceae
Scientific name
Balanophoraceae
Rich. & A.Rich.

Balanophoraceae are a family of plants in the order Sandalwood-like (Santalales). Most of the approximately 50 species in around 17 genera occur in tropical areas.

description

Balanophora indica - male stem
Balanophora indica - female stem

The belonging to the family Balanophoraceae species are fleshy, parasitic living herbaceous plants that lack the leaves. The leaves are reduced to scales. Since they do not have any other chlorophyll , they do not appear in green, but rather resemble mushrooms . Underground they are connected to a host plant by a strand. Roots are missing. Bare or scaly stems protrude upwards from the rhizome .

They are separate sexes, monoecious ( monoecious ) or dioecious ( dioecious ). The small, unisexual flowers are arranged in several cephalic, racemose or piston-shaped inflorescences . The male flowers have no to eight bracts and the same number of stamens as bracts. If there are no bracts, the flowers have one or two stamens. The female flowers have no bracts and only two to five carpels , which are to a subordinate ovary .

Systematics and distribution

The Balanophoraceae family was established by Louis Claude Marie Richard and Achille Richard . The type genus is Balanophora Forst. & G.Forst. Balanophora means "acorn-bearing".

The family of the Balanophoraceae is classified in the order of the sandalwood-like (Santalales).

In the family Balanophoraceae there are 17 genera with about 50 species:

swell

Individual evidence

  1. Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 161, No. 2, 2009, pp. 105-121, DOI: 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x .

Web links

Commons : Balanophoraceae  - collection of images, videos and audio files