Balduinseck Castle
| Balduinseck Castle | ||
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 Balduinseck Castle from the south |
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| Alternative name (s): | Baldeneck Castle | |
| Creation time : | around 1325 | |
| Castle type : | Hilltop castle | |
| Conservation status: | Residential tower | |
| Standing position : | Clerical | |
| Place: | book | |
| Geographical location | 50 ° 4 '35.2 " N , 7 ° 21' 48.2" E | |
| Height: | 300 m above sea level NN | |
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The castle Balduinseck even Baldeneck called, is the ruins of a hilltop castle in Hunsrück . It is 300 m above sea level. NN on a slate cone only about 20 meters high at the confluence of the Wohnrother Bach and the Schumbach to the Mörsdorfer Bach , on the boundary of the municipality of Buch in the Rhein-Hunsrück district in Rhineland-Palatinate .
history
Archbishop Baldwin of Trier acquired in 1325 in the field of Ritter Richard and Wirich of carrying the right to a truce delineate and build on it a castle. This complex, which was completed with interruptions in 1331, was primarily aimed at Kastellaun Castle in the county of Sponheim . When it was built, Baldwin seems to have been inspired by Western models, especially the French Donjon type.
The castle, built on a narrow rock spur , served as the official seat of the Trier administrative district of the same name. When it was moved to Zell in the 16th century , the castle became largely insignificant. Owners and administrators often changed, because Balduinseck basically always remained part of the Trier electoral state .
In 1675 the office building was leased. In 1711 the castle was neglected and in 1780 it was declared dilapidated. There seems to be no destruction from wars .
architecture
The ruin is about 55 meters long and up to 20 meters wide in an east-west direction. The outer walls of the 18-meter-high, four- story residential tower are well preserved and give the ruin its distinctive appearance. The residential tower has a footprint of 22.7 × 14.4 meters, the walls are up to 2.5 meters thick. A spiral staircase on the left-hand side of the main entrance and nine chimneys have been preserved; they extend over three floors. The fourth floor has no chimneys and was therefore probably used as a storage room and for military purposes. In front of the large main chimney on the ground floor, which is let into the east wall, the remains of a fountain are still present. In addition to the chimneys, the openings for wall cupboards as well as the white interior plaster and a white stripe of the former exterior plaster between the third and fourth floors have been preserved.
After a fire in 1425, the interior of the residential tower was redesigned. Most of the open fireplaces have been converted into closed, smoke-free tiled stoves in favor of more effective heating. The upper floors remained unheated and were only used as storage rooms.
The specialty of the castle is the location of the residential building that was completed first. Contrary to the usual structure of a castle, the residential tower, which was equipped with a defensive core on the east side, stands behind the neck ditch , directly on the attack side. Such an arrangement can be found on other castles of Baldwin of Luxembourg (see Burg Baldenau ).
In front of the residential tower there are still the remains of a subsequently built round tower in the west and the enclosed circular wall , where a round shell tower open to the castle courtyard is structurally integrated into the south side of the masonry . In addition, the old driveway with the neck ditch and the associated bridgehead can still be seen. To the east there are the remains of a second trench with the foundation walls of an advanced tower.
- architecture
Main entrance to the tower house on the west side; to the right is the entrance to the spiral staircase
The partly preserved spiral staircase leading to the upper floors
The fireplace in the east with a fountain in front
Remnants of the interior plaster
Structural condition
Parts of the foundation were so badly damaged that they could no longer cope with the pressure of the masonry. Cracks prove that the entire structure is working. It was considered to be in acute danger of collapsing. Therefore, the ruin was subjected to comprehensive security from summer 2009. The work was divided into five construction phases and was completed in 2014.
Historical meaning
In a historical network, the three Kurtrier castles Baldenau , Balduinseck and Rauschenburg are to be connected as structural evidence of Balduin's expansion policy in the Hunsrück, with the Rhenish towns of Boppard and Oberwesel , which are part of the Archbishop's territory , via the Balduinsweg from Hunsrück to the Rhine .
literature
- Hubert Leifeld: On the history and building history of Balduinseck Castle, a remarkable castle near Buch ; in: Ortsgemeinde Buch (ed.): Buch and Mörz. From the history of two neighboring villages, book 2002. Supplementary volume with CD-Rom.
- Alexander Thon , Stefan Ulrich u. Achim Wendt: "... where a mighty tower defiantly looks down". Castles in the Hunsrück and on the Nahe, Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-7954-2493-0 , pp. 26–31. DNB 100996285X
- Alexander Thon: "... di nante he alle after sime names." Balduinseck and Balduinstein - two castles of Archbishop Baldwin of Trier (1307-1354) in comparison , in: General Directorate for Cultural Heritage (ed.): Stadt und Burg am Mittelrhein (1000- 1600) (Fascination Middle Ages, 1), red. by Beate Dorfey. Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2008, ISBN 978-3-7954-2072-7 , pp. 167-179. DNB 987538047
- Achim Wendt u. a .: Balduinseck castle ruins , Schnell & Steiner, Regensburg 2016.
Web links
- Entry on Balduinseck Castle in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Reconstruction drawing by Wolfgang Braun
- At the height of the Hunsrück - The Balduinseck on YouTube
- 360 ° panoramic view of the north-eastern main entrance to the Balduinseck castle ruins
- 360 ° panoramic view of the castle courtyard of the castle ruins Balduinseck
- 360 ° panoramic view in the residential tower of the Balduinseck castle ruins