Bank Adolph Meyer

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The bank Adolph Meyer was a private bank in Hannover . Since the time of the Kingdom of Hanover in particular, it played an outstanding role in the industrialization of Lower Saxony , especially in the cotton and coal and steel industries . The formerly oldest private bank in Hanover, most recently based in Schiller street corner Rosenstrasse in Hanover's district center , took place during the time of National Socialism during the " Aryanization " of Gau Economics Adviser Julius Maier and his bank Julius Maier & Co. an end.

history

Since the medieval times

The origins of the banking house date back to the Middle Ages and passed into the hands of the David family in the 17th century . In 1792, Simon Meyer , at the time authorized signatory of the then banking house Meyer Michael David , took over the company, only to leave it to his son Adolph Meyer . The bank, at that time located in an old patrician house in Langestrasse ( Calenberger Neustadt ), soon changed its name to Bankhaus Adolph Meyer .

When the premises in Calenberger Neustadt became too narrow for the flourishing business, Adolph Meyer had a new bank building built from 1845 to 1850 according to his own architectural plans. It was created outside the former city ​​fortifications of Hanover in the open field in the Ernst-August-Stadt , which was being built around the same time, in front of the (main) train station in Schillerstrasse . It was one of the first buildings ever on the street. The new building, which was worth seeing at the time, attracted many onlookers.

In the 1850s / 60s, the bank under Adolph Meyer and especially after the accession of the Kingdom of Hanover to the German Customs Union, played a significant role in numerous company foundations. Even in the coal and steel industry, some of the company foundings were even initiated by Meyer himself (see there), as the journal of the trade association for the Kingdom of Hanover stated in its New Year's 1862 edition. At around the same time, the later banker and politician August Basse worked as an accountant for Adolph Meyer from 1857 to 1866 .

After Meyer's death, the bank was continued by his sons Emil Meyer and, in particular, by the Prussian Kommerzienrat Sigmund Meyer (see there), who was one of the first promoters of the still young potash industry in the province of Hanover . His son Heinrich Meyer joined the company as a co-owner while he was still alive, as did the authorized signatory Ludwig Silberberg .

Bank “Aryanizations” in Hanover

After the seizure of power by the National Socialists of the oldest private bank Hannover happened like as the other three in Jewish private banks located property: As part of the " Aryanization "

  1. In November 1936, the regional economic consultant Julius Albert Maier took over "the customer base and the" non-Jewish "employees of the A. Spiegelberg bank , which opened in 1854 " - and relocated the business premises of his Maier bank to the more representative premises of Spiegelberg in the city center;
  2. In May 1937, Bankhaus Hallbaum & Co. took over “all business connections and real estate from Wilhelm Lilienfeld & Co ”;
  3. Two months later, Lister Bank Lücke & Co. KG wound up the D. Peretz banking house - "and relocated its headquarters to its former business premises";
  4. did in 1938, 1½ years after his first "Aryanization", again Gau Economics Adviser Julius Maier out and took over the current fiscal of in liquidation located Bankhaus Adolph Meyer .

See also

literature

  • Paul Siedentopf : Bankhaus Adolph Meyer. In: The book of the old companies of the city of Hanover in 1927 , Leipzig: Jubiläums-Verlag Walter Gerlach, 1927, p. 152
  • Journal of the trade association for the Kingdom of Hanover , New Year's number 1862
  • Albert Lefèvre: The contribution of the Hanoverian industry to technical progress. In: Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter , New Series 24 (1970), p. 269f.
  • Rainer Slotta: Technical monuments in the Federal Republic of Germany , part 3 (incorrectly referred to as No. 17): The potash and rock salt industry , in the series of publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum , ed. from the German Mining Museum, Bochum, Bochum: German Mining Museum, 1980, ISBN 3-921533-16-3 , p. 276
  • Walter Buschmann : Linden trees. History of an industrial city in the 19th century , also dissertation 1979 at the University of Hanover, in the series sources and representations for the history of Lower Saxony , vol. 92, Hildesheim: Lax, 1981, ISBN 3-7848-3492-2 , pp. 80-83 u.ö.
  • Peter Schulze : Bankhaus Adolph Meyer. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 47.

References and comments

  1. ↑ Peter Schulze: Bankhaus Adolph Meyer (see literature)
  2. ^ A b c Ingo Köhler: The takeover of business by private banks. In: the same: The "Aryanization" of private banks in the Third Reich. Repression, elimination and the question of reparation , at the same time dissertation in 2003 at the University of Bochum, in the series of publications on the journal for corporate history , vol. 14, 2nd edition, Munich: Beck, 2008, ISBN 978-3-406-53200-9 , Pp. 300-321; here: p. 311f .; online through google books
  3. ↑ Note: 2 photos from 1859 and 1885, one by Karl Friedrich Wunder , with a view from Georgstraße into Schillerstraße , in comparison with the photo from 1927 in Paul Siedentopf: Bankhaus Adolph Meyer (see literature) only leave one location for the ( second) Bankhaus Adolph Meyer zu: The Schillerstraße corner of the (today's) Rosenstraße . Compare: Ludwig Hoerner : The buildings of the Hanoverian Bank, Georgstrasse, corner of Schillerstrasse. In: the same: Hanover in early photographs. 1848-1910 , Munich: Schirmer-Mosel, 1979, ISBN 3-921375-44-4 , pp. 160f.
  4. ↑ Ingo Köhler: Partial aryanizations in the event of liquidation. In: The "Aryanization" of the private banks in the Third Reich ... , pp. 588f.
  5. ↑ a b c d e Paul Siedentopf: Bankhaus Adolph Meyer (see literature)
  6. ↑ Note: The road from Georgstraße to Ernst-August-Platz , laid out “around” 1847, was initially named Reitwallstraße because it led from the train station at Ernst-August-Platz “to Reitwall. [The street] was renamed to Schillerstraße [only] on November 10, 1859 ... to celebrate Schiller's centenary birthday at the request of the Schillerfeier Committee. ” Source : Helmut Zimmermann : Schillerstraße. In: The street names of the state capital Hanover , Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung , Hanover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 219
  7. ↑ Waldemar R. Röhrbein : BASSE, (1) August. In: Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon , p. 43; online through google books

Coordinates: 52 ° 22 ′ 34 "  N , 9 ° 44 ′ 18.4"  E