Basilica of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary (Marianka)
The Basilica of the Birth of the Virgin Mary ( Bazilika Narodenia Panny Márie in Slovak ) is a Roman Catholic church in the Marianka pilgrimage site , in the north of Bratislava , the capital of Slovakia . The church of the Archdiocese of Bratislava is consecrated under the patronage of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary and has the title of a minor basilica .
history
The starting point of the oldest Marian pilgrimage site in Slovakia is a statue of the Virgin Mary , which is regarded as the work of a hermit from 1030. It is said to have been hidden during the chaos of the war and found again around 1300, which could also be its origin. The seated statue made of pear wood holds an apple in the right hand and the baby Jesus in the left, Mary and Jesus are crowned. The polychrome statue has been redesigned several times over the centuries. 1377 the Hungarian king ordered Ludwig I here close to a source of a single-nave , Gothic church built, which was completed 1380th The Pauliner took care of them . It was badly damaged during the Hungarian uprisings and burned down twice. At the end of the 17th century, it was renovated and expanded at the expense of Emperor Leopold I. The Archbishop of Gran , Christian August von Sachsen-Zeitz , used the complex as a residence at times at the beginning of the 18th century. From 1711 to 1714 he rebuilt the church significantly and had the church tower and a crypt built. He is considered the second builder of the basilica. Side altars were created for the Archangel Michael , Saints Joachim , Theresa von Ávila and Paulus von Thebes . The Viennese sculptor Georg Raphael Donner Baroque style commissioned by his successor Imre Esterházy de Galántha 1735 the choir of the church, having already at the near Martin had worked in Bratislava. He created a new main altar, the Gothic vault was covered with large stucco work, which was painted with scenes from the life of the Paulines' namesake, Paulus von Thebes. In 1817 and 1820 the church was badly damaged by two fires. At the end of the 19th century, the church was rebuilt under the priest Joseph Talcik. A neo-Gothic vault was built parallel to the Bratislava Cathedral by the same craftsmen as on the dome there. The walls of the choir were painted white, and new glass windows were added to the original Gothic windows. In 1877 a neo-Gothic winged altar was built, plus a side altar to worship the Sacred Heart of Jesus . In 1963 the church was placed under a preservation order. Pope Benedict XVI raised the church to the rank of minor basilica in 2011.
monastery
The Pauline monastery was built to take care of the church. After the Pauline headquarters, the St. Vavrinca Monastery in Budine, was destroyed by the Turks in 1540, they moved it to Marianka. The monastery also developed into a theological college with the right to award doctorates. It was expanded several times, for example by Archbishop Christian August von Sachsen-Zeitz at the beginning of the 18th century. As part of the reforms of Emperor Joseph II , the monastery was closed, later plundered and temporarily used as a hunting lodge for various nobles. In 1927 monks of the Congregation Comforters of Gethsemani took over the dilapidated monastery until 1950 and again from 1990 until 2003.
Web links
- Basilica Parish website (Slovak)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Basilica narodenia Panny Preblahoslavenej Márie on gcatholic.org
- ↑ a b c Marianka - The oldest pilgrimage site in Slovakia
- ↑ Monument protection , pamiatky.sk
Coordinates: 48 ° 14 '53 " N , 17 ° 3' 53" E