Beals Oregon grape
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Beals Oregon grape ( Mahonia bealei ) |
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| Mahonia bealei | ||||||||||||
| ( Fortune ) Carrière |
Beals Oregon grape ( Mahonia bealei ), real Beales Oregon grape called, is a plant from the family of Barberry (Berberidaceae). It is based in the Chinese province of Hubei . The species name bealei goes back to a British gardener living in Shanghai with the family name Beale, who attracted and cultivated this new discovery by the botanist Robert Fortune .
description
Beales Oregon grape is an evergreen shrub that can reach a stature height of up to 3–4 meters or more. It grows upright and is sparsely branched. The bark is furrowed and brownish to greyish. The thick branches carry 25 to 50 centimeters long, alternate, stalked and imparipinnate leaves . The rachis is often reddish, the petiole is about 2–8 inches long.
The 9 to 21 leaflets per leaf are coarse, smooth and dark green on the upper side, shiny and sometimes with a bluish tinge, they are gray-green to yellowish underneath. The leaflets are glabrous, thick, stiff and pointed or pointed, often prickly and at the base they are pointed to blunt or minimally heart-shaped. They are egg-shaped, sometimes vesicularly distended and they have 2–7 distant and prickly teeth on each side, the bays between the teeth are entire. The lateral leaflets are partly curved into a sickle shape, often with an uneven blade. The terminal leaflets, which are up to 6 cm long, are slightly larger than the lateral, almost sessile leaflets. The terminal leaflet is 6.5–13 cm long, the lateral ones are 2.5–10.5 cm long.
The yellow and fragrant flowers appear from February to May and are in upright or overhanging, long and multi-flowered clusters of six to nine standing together , which are underlaid by larger bracts . The threefold, hermaphrodite flowers are short stalked and with a double flower envelope . The flowers have small bracts on the peduncle. There are 9 yellow sepals of different sizes; the outermost are the smallest and partly reddish on the outside, in 3 circles and 6 yellow petals in 2 circles. On the inside of the petals, 2 nectaries are formed at the base. There are six short stamens in two circles and a top permanent stamp with a very short stylus and disc-shaped scar present.
The berries are egg-shaped, bluish-black and bluish "frosted", with a permanent short stylus remnant with a stigma. They are up to 1–1.5 cm in size and have two to three seeds. The berries are eaten by birds, which ensure the spread of the species. The egg-shaped, smooth and brownish seeds are flattened and 6–7 mm long.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 28.
use
Beales Oregon grape is used as an ornamental shrub in gardens and parks. This species needs shady or partial shade and loose soil. It is hardy.
The berries are edible and are used raw and cooked.
Others
Beales Oregon grape is sometimes confused with Japanese Oregon grape ( Mahonia japonica ), the underside of which, however, is yellow-green.
photos
Flowers of Beales Oregon grape
Beales Oregon grape fruits
Plant with fruits
Plant with fruits
literature
- Andreas Roloff , Andreas Bärtels: Flora of the woods . 2nd Edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2006, ISBN 3-8001-4832-3 .
- Robert Zander : Zander. Concise dictionary of plant names. Edited by Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold , 17th edition, Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3573-6 .
- Peter Schütt, Horst Weisgerber, Hans J. Schuck, Ulla Lang, Bernd Stimm, Andreas Roloff: Encyclopedia of Bushes . Nikol, Hamburg 2006, ISBN 3-937872-40-X .
- Marilena Idžojtić: Dendrology. Academic Press, 2018, ISBN 978-0-444-64175-5 , p. 411.
Web links
- Thomas Meyer: Data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).
- Mahonia bealei in the Flora of China, Vol. 19.
- Mahonia bealei at JSTOR Global Plants.
- Mahonia bealei at Useful Temperate Plants.
- Mahonia bealei at Phytoimages.
- The Beals Oregon grape : Mahonia belai on flora-obscura.de, accessed on September 16, 2019.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Mahonia bealei at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis