Bebe Brătianu

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Constantin "Bebe" Brătianu (1950)

Constantin Constantin Ion Brătianu (born  May 20, 1887 in Bucharest , Romania ; †  1955 or January 21, 1956 there ), called "Bebe" (i.e. "Baby"), was a liberal Romanian politician.

The doctor of law was a son of Brigadier General Constantin Ion Brătianu (1844-1910), who in turn was a son of the former Prime Minister Dumitru Brătianu . Although Dumitru once stood against his brother Ion Brătianu and overthrew him as prime minister, Constantin Brătianu supported the National Liberal Party (Partidul Național Liberal) led by Ion's sons Ionel , Vintilă and Dinu Brătianu and worked among other things. a. in the Romanian National Bank , in which the Brătianu family or their party was a major shareholder. In the meantime, Ionel's son Gheorghe Brătianu and his own party split off from the National Liberals in 1930 , but after his election defeat in 1937 and the reconciliation with his uncle Dinu Brătianu, who had been party leader since 1934, he returned to the bosom of the mother party in early 1938 became deputy party leader (vice-president). In contrast, a group of other " dissidents " around General Secretary Gheorghe Tătărescu had been expelled from the party in 1938 and Constantin Brătianu became the new General Secretary.

Together with Dinu Brătianu, Constantin Brătianu held the conservative wing of the party, which had been banned since 1938 under the royal dictatorship of Carol II and under the fascist military dictatorship of Ion Antonescu . Like Tătărescu's "dissidents" on May 25, 1944, on June 20, 1944, Brătianu's National Liberal Party and the peasant party of ex-Prime Minister Iuliu Maniu concluded an opposition alliance with the Romanian Communist Party and supported the revolution of August 23, 1944 . Constantin Brătianu then tried to reorganize the party, while party leader Dinu Brătianu withdrew from active politics in November 1944, after a brief interlude as minister of state. In the subsequent military governments of Sănătescu and Rădescu , Constantin Brătianu was Minister of Armaments from the beginning of November 1944 to the end of February 1945.

Rădescu was replaced by his deputy Petru Groza , who formed a coalition government with the Communist Party. However, in contrast to Tătărescu, Brătianu did not join this government. Tătărescu, who in the meantime had founded his own National Liberal Party (Partidul Național Liberal - Tătărescu) , became deputy prime minister and foreign minister. Brătianu went into opposition along with Maniu. Meanwhile, Constantin Brătianu had adopted Ion Ion Constantin Brătianu (* 1939), son of a relative, who was orphaned in World War II , as his own son.

During the Paris peace negotiations , the United States and Great Britain called on the Romanian government to legitimize itself democratically by holding elections soon and, until then, to transform itself into an all-party government by accepting opposition politicians (if not the party leaders Brătianu and Maniu themselves, then at least representatives the National Liberals and the Peasant Party) - otherwise they would not sign a peace treaty. In close cooperation with the Anglo-American diplomats Averell Harriman and Clark Kerr , Dinu Brătianu nominated his great cousin Constantin Brătianu. Groza, Tătărescu, Communist Party leader Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej and finally the Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Andrei Wyschinski rejected this, although Constantin Brătianu had also been supported by Ana Pauker . Instead, in January 1946, Mihail Romniceanu and Emil Ha nurieganu, only secondary politicians from the National Liberal Party and the Peasant Party, were admitted to the government; as ministers without portfolio they remained without influence. After the elections of November 1946, in which the Communist-led electoral bloc (National Front), the Tătărescu party was able to beat the Brătianu party, which was allied with Manius Bauern, the Romanian National Bank was nationalized on December 20, 1946 by Finance Minister Alexandru Alexandrini . Brătianu's party was finally banned in early 1947, but in November 1947 the Tătărescu party was also ousted from the government and disbanded in 1948. Because of his close contacts with functionaries in Nazi Germany during the World War, Constantin Brătianu was arrested in 1948 or in May 1950 and sent to Sighet (together with Dinu Brătianu, Gheorghe Brătianu, Gheorghe Tătărescu, Dumitru Alimănişteanu , Petre Bejan and other national liberals) - spent in prison. Although he was released in November 1955, he died shortly afterwards in Bucharest's Colțea Hospital .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Gheorghe Buzatu, Stela Cheptea, Marusia Cirstea: Istorie si societate , Volume III, pages 27ff and 57-63. Editura Mica Valahie, Bucharest 2011
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Enciclopedia Identitatii Romanesti Personalitati 2011 , page 117: Brătianu, Constantin (Bebe)
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Alianta Dreptei: Memoria istoriei - Noaptea demnitarilor - 5/6 May 1950
  4. ↑ a b c d Christoph Kruspe, Jutta Arndt: Taschenlexikon Romania , pages 46, 151 and 207. Bibliographisches Institut Leipzig 1984
  5. ^ Biographical encyclopedia on the history of Southeastern Europe: Brătianu, Vintilă IC
  6. ^ Bernard A. Cook: Europe Since 1945 - An Encyclopedia , Volume 1, page 151. Taylor & Francis, New York 2001
  7. ^ Encyclopaedia Britannica , Volume 12, Page 113 . London 1964
  8. ↑ Constantin IC Bratianu , Internationales Biographisches Archiv 30/1948 of July 12, 1948 (lm), in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)
  9. ↑ jurnalul.ro of April 21, 2010: Ion I. Brătianu se visa Bernard Tapie al României
  10. ^ Walter Theimer : Lexikon der Politik , page 575. Lehnen Verlag Munich 1951
  11. ↑ Boris Ponomarjow , Andrei Gromyko , Wladimir Chwostow: History of Soviet Foreign Policy 1945-1970 , page 41ff. Progress Publishers, Moscow 1974
  12. ^ Martin Mevius: Agents of Moscow - The Hungarian Communist Party and the Origins of Socialist Patriotism, 1941-1953 , pp. 144f. Clarendon Press, Oxford 2005
  13. ^ Dennis Deletant : Romania under Communism - Paradox and Degeneration . Routledge, New York 2018
  14. ^ Mary McCauley: Communist Power in Europe, 1944-49 , pages 122 and 129. Springer, London 2016
personal data
SURNAME Brătianu, Constantin
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Brătianu, Constantin Constantin Ion; Brătianu, Dinu
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Romanian politician
DATE OF BIRTH May 20, 1887
PLACE OF BIRTH Bucharest
DATE OF DEATH January 21, 1956
Place of death Bucharest