Leafy lice herb

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Leafy lice herb
Leafy lice herb (Pedicularis foliosa)

Leafy lice herb ( Pedicularis foliosa )

Systematics
Asterids
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Summer root family (Orobanchaceae)
Genre : Lice herbs ( Pedicularis )
Type : Leafy lice herb
Scientific name
Pedicularis foliosa
L.

The leafy lice herb ( Pedicularis foliosa ), also called leafy louse herb or leafy lice herb , is a species of the genus of the lice herbs ( Pedicularis ) within the family of the summer root plants (Orobanchaceae).

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora
inflorescence
Herbarium evidence

Vegetative characteristics

The leafy louse herb grows as a perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 20 to 50 centimeters. The independently upright, simple, hardly hairy stem is only leafed in the upper half. The leaves are broadly lanceolate, double to triple pinnate, glabrous on top, hairy underneath. The larger leaves are over 4 centimeters wide with serrated leaf tips.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to July. The flowers stand close together in a spike-like inflorescence and are dominated by the significantly longer bracts (name!). The lower bracts are like foliage and longer than the flowers, the upper ones are less divided.

The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic with a double flower envelope . The sepals are only fused at their base. The calyx is membranous and hairy on the nerves and on the edge. The calyx teeth are unequal, broadly triangular and undivided. The petals are fused. The pale yellow crown is very two-lipped and 20 to 30 millimeters long. The crown tube towers over the chalice. The upper lip has no beak, it is almost straight, mostly woolly haired on the outside with an open throat and blunt.

The capsule fruit is egg-shaped with a short tip and protrudes slightly above the calyx.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

ecology

The leafy lice herb is a semi -parasite. It is a hemicryptophyte .

Occurrence and protection

The leafy lice herb is widespread in the Alps (especially in the northern Alps) and overall from the Pyrenees to the Balkans . There are localities for the countries of northern Spain , France , Germany , Italy , Switzerland , Austria and Croatia .

This lime-loving species thrives best on moist soils , lawns , brook edges and tall herbaceous corridors . The leafy lice herb occurs at altitudes of 1000 to 2400 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, the Schochen in Bavaria rises to an altitude of 2100 meters.

The leafy lousewort is in Central Europe, a federation characteristic species of Caricion-ferrugineae and especially likes to come together with Anemone narcissiflora ago. It is also found in plant communities of the Erico-Pinion, Caricion davallianae or Calamagrostion arundinaceae associations.

Pedicularis foliosa has been "specially protected" in Germany since August 31, 1980 according to the BNatSchG .

Taxonomy

The first publication of Pedicularis foliosa was made in 1767 by Carl Linnaeus in Mantissa Plantarum , page 86. The specific epithet foliosa means leaf rich.

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • E. Mayer: Pedicularis L. In: Thomas Gaskell Tutin et al .: Flora Europaea. Volume 3, Cambridge University Press 1972, ISBN 0-521-08489-X . Pages 269-276.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Pedicularis foliosa L. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 8, 2018.
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  861 .
  3. ↑ Pedicularis foliosa L., Rich-leaved lice herb. In: FloraWeb.de.
  4. ↑ a b Karol Marhold, 2011: Scrophulariaceae. : Datasheet Pedicularis foliosa In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.
  5. ^ A b Pedicularis foliosa in Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved October 8, 2018.
  6. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 478.
  7. ↑ data sheet at WISIA .

Web links

Commons : Leafy Louse Weed ( Pedicularis foliosa )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files