Draped Mürbling
| Draped Mürbling | ||||||||||||
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Curtained Mürbling ( Psathyrella candolleana ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Psathyrella candolleana | ||||||||||||
| ( Fr .: Fr.) Maire |
The curtain or curtain ( Psathyrella candolleana ), also called candoll , is a type of mushroom from the family of the kernel relatives . Due to the brittle fruiting bodies and the fringe of white velum residues on the hats of young specimens, it is sometimes also called tender hem fungus , although it does not belong to the genus of hem fungi ( Lacrymaria ).
features
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Macroscopic features
The thin-fleshed hat is bell-shaped or spherical when young, later arched and takes on a flat, mostly bluntly hunched shape with age. It is 2–7 cm wide. The surface is matt, frosted when young and changes its appearance when damp ( hygrophanity ): When wet, it is colored ocher to yellow-brown, when dry, however, it is yellowish, later whitish with purple nuances and pale ocher-yellow in the middle of the hat. The edge is more or less weakly grooved, often torn and, in young fruiting bodies, hung with membranous to flaky, white, perishable remnants of the partial envelope ( velum partiale) (→ name). The lamellas are crowded, mixed in with lamellets and narrowly attached to the stem. Young, initially whitish, as the spores mature, they first turn dirty gray-pink, then purple-violet and finally dark brown. The cutting edges are notched into fine teeth and are white. The spore powder is chocolate brown and shows a dark brown color reaction with potassium hydroxide (KOH). The 4–8 cm long and 3–6 (–9) mm thick stalk is approximately cylindrical, tapers slightly towards the tip and has a thickened base. The surface is white, smooth, shiny and covered with felty on the lower stem. The meat in the hat is thin, the handle is brittle, slightly fibrous and hollow. It tastes mild and smells unspecific.
Microscopic features
The elliptical and smooth-walled spores each have a cut end and measure 6.5-9.5 × 3.5-5 micrometers. The bag-up club-shaped or approximately cylindrical Cheilo- Zystiden are plentiful, however, pleuro-Zystiden missing.
Species delimitation
It can be confused with the Ring Mürbling ( P. leucotephra ), which grows in tufts on hardwood and has ephemeral rings on the stems. The watery Mürbling ( P. piluliformis ) and the narrow-leaved Mürbling have a darker colored hat, the latter fructified mainly in autumn. Other potential doppelgangers are P. incerta and P. hymenocephala .
Distribution and ecology
The hung Mürbling lives as a saprobiont on rotten hardwood and fructifies in groups on and next to the rotten wood from May to October. It is widespread and common in Europe.
Distribution of the species in Germany
In the last 10 years, 334 finds for Germany have been mapped on the mapping database mushroom mapping BRD. This suggests that the species is common in general. The northernmost point of discovery: Stralsund, Old Harbor (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania). The southernmost point of discovery: Oberjettenberg (Bavaria). The species has been mapped frequently in almost all federal states. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is an exception, where only one point of discovery has been mapped.
Systematics and taxonomy
The form pallida and the variety solitaria are described. The appearance varies considerably and it is quite possible that the taxon will ultimately designate several of its own species.
The species epithet honors a Swiss botanist .
meaning
It is considered (conditionally) edible or inedible. It contains substances with antibacterial and cancer-inhibiting effects. Several researchers have reported findings of psychedelic acting tryptamines psilocybin and baeocystin in fungi of this kind, however, which could not be traced in part. If one assumes an ambiguous species name, different species could also have been examined.
swell
- ↑ Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers . Franckh-Kosmos Verlags-GmbH & Co., Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , p. 302 .
- ↑ Markus Flück: Which mushroom is that? 3. Edition. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-440-11561-9 , p. 272.
- ↑ Gerlinde Hausner: Mushrooms. The most important edible and poison mushrooms (= BLV-Naturführer . Volume 811 ). 2nd, revised edition. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Munich et al. 1991, ISBN 3-405-13811-6 , p. 94 .
- ↑ http://mykoweb.com/CAF/species/Psathyrella_candolleana.html
- ↑ B. Coletto, M. Ausilia, P. Lelli: Antibiotic activity in Basidiomycetes. XII. Antibacterial and antifungal activity of 32 new strains . In: Allionia . tape 36 , 1999, ISSN 0065-6429 , p. 89-92 (English).
- ↑ S. Ohtsuka, S. Ueno, C. Yoshikumi, F. Hirose, Y. Ohmura, T. Wada, T. Fujii, E. Takahashi: Polysaccharides having an anticarcinogenic effect and a method of producing them from species of Basidiomycetes. UK Patent 1331513, September 26, 1973 .
- ↑ Yutaka Koike, Kohko Wada, Genjiro Kusano, Shigeo Nozoe, Kazumasa Yokoyama: Isolation of Psilocybin From Psilocybe argentipes and Its Determination in Specimens of Some Mushrooms . In: Journal of Natural Products . tape 44 , no. 3 , May 1981, ISSN 0163-3864 , pp. 362-365 , doi : 10.1021 / np50015a023 (English).
- ↑ Jochen Gartz. 1986
- ↑ E. Ohenoja, J. Jokiranta, T. Mäkinen, A. Kaikkonen, MM Airaksinen: The Occurrence of psilocybin and psilocin in Finnish fungi . In: Journal of natural products . tape 50 , 4 (July / August), July 1987, pp. 741-744 , doi : 10.1021 / np50052a030 (English).
- ↑ Tjakko Stijve, Th. W. Kuyper: Absence of psilocybin in species of fungi previously reported to contain psilocybin and related tryptamine derivatives . In: Persoonia . tape 13 , no. 4 , 1988, ISSN 0031-5850 , pp. 463-465 (English).
