Bernhard Ycart

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Bernhard Ycart (born before 1470; died after 1480) was a Spanish composer , singer and cleric of the early Renaissance who worked in Italy.

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Bernhard Ycart came from the diocese of Tortosa ( Tarragona province ). Neither his birth nor his death dates could be determined by the music historical science. In addition to his works, only certain documents with a certain year in which his name appears have come down to us. He is first mentioned in 1478 as a singer at the court of King Ferdinand I in Naples , which at that time belonged to the Kingdom of Aragon ; in the event that the name Picchart refers to him, it is possible that he was there as early as 1476. On October 27, 1478 he received the papal award of a benefice ; he is referred to here as a cleric from the diocese of Tortosa. In the same document he was assured the office of abbot at the monastery of Santa Maria del Pendino in the Basilicata region “in commendam” (on recommendation). Most recently, Ycart was included in a list of singers at the Neapolitan court of October 25 or 27, 1480; his name comes before that of Johannes Tinctoris .

meaning

The court in Naples recorded a flourishing musical life in the 1470s and 1480s; besides Ycart, other composers worked here. The biographer of the music theorist Franchinus Gaffurius , Pantaleone Malegolo , reports on discussions on music theory topics between Gaffurius and Ycart. However, there are no music theoretical writings by Ycart himself. But it is mentioned in the Dialogus in arte musica by John Hothby , and also in the treatise Tractatus practicabilium proportionum (around 1482) by Gaffurius. In addition, the joint transmission of works by Hothby and Ycart suggests that Ycart belonged to this northern Italian circle.

The Magnificat scoring and the Ycarts mass sets were probably created before his stay in Naples, because they have come down to us in part of the Codex Faenza , which was written by Johann Godendach in 1473/74. In the Magnificat sexti toni the same free cantus firmus is used as in the mass movements of this manuscript; here is an early example of the parody technique that flourished in the 16th century. On the other hand, Bernhard Ycart's extensive lamentations were almost certainly intended for the Holy Week celebrations , which were lavishly celebrated in Naples at the time. His secular pieces can only be ascribed to him by the abbreviation of his name on the manuscript. Ycart's music was in circulation for some time, as evidenced by the fact that two of his lamentations were published in 1506 by the publisher Ottaviano dei Petrucci .

Works

  • Spiritual works
    • Kyrie and Gloria to four votes
    • Magnificat primi toni to three votes
    • Magnificat secundi toni to four votes
    • Magnificat sexti toni to four voices
    • Motet “O princeps Pilate” for four voices
    • Lamentation "Quomodo sedet"
    • Lamentation "Quomodo obtexit"
    • Lamentation "Recordare Domine"
    • Missa "De amor tu dormi" (lost)
    • Missa "Voltate in qua" (lost)
  • Secular works
    • Chanson “Non toches a moy” with four voices
    • "Pover me mischin dolente"
    • "Se io te o dato"
    • textless piece

Literature (selection)

  • FA Gallo: Citazioni da un trattato di Dufay. In: Collectanea historiae musicae No. 4, 1966, pages 149-152
  • I. Pope / M. Kanazawa: The Musical Manuscript Montecassino 871: a Neapolitan Repertory of Sacred and Secular Music of the Late Fifteenth Century , Oxford 1978
  • Allan W. Atlas: On The Neapolitan Provenance of the Manuscript Perugia, Biblioteca Comunale Augusta, 431 (G 20). In: Musica disciplina No. 31, 1977, pages 45-105
  • Allan W. Atlas: Music at the Aragonese Court of Naples , Cambridge 1985
  • RM Stephenson: Spanish Musical Impact beyond the Pyrenees (1250-1500). In: Congress report España en la música de occidente, edited by J. Lopez-Calo / E. Casares Rodicio / I. Fernandez de la Cuesta, Volume 1, Madrid 1987, pages 115–164 (here 148–151)
  • G. Ciliberti: Struttura e provenienza del manoscritto Perugia, Biblioteca Comunale 431 (G 20): nuovi contributi. In: Congress report La musica e il sacro, edited by B. Brumana / G. Ciliberti, Florence 1997, pages 21–63 (= Historiae musicae cultores biblioteca 79)

Web links

swell

  1. ↑ Music in the past and present (MGG), personal section. Volume 17, Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel / Basel 2007, ISBN 978-3-7618-1137-5 .
  2. ↑ Marc Honegger, Günther Massenkeil (ed.): The great lexicon of music. Volume 8: Štich - Zylis-Gara. Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau a. a. 1982, ISBN 3-451-18058-8 .
  3. ^ Stanley Sadie (ed.): The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . 2nd Edition. Volume 27, McMillan, London 2001, ISBN 0-333-60800-3 .
personal data
SURNAME Ycart, Bernhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Spanish composer, singer and cleric of the early Renaissance
DATE OF BIRTH before 1470
PLACE OF BIRTH Tarragona Province
DATE OF DEATH after 1480