Veiled poplar mushroom
| Veiled poplar mushroom | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Veiled poplar mushroom ( Pleurotus calyptratus ) |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pleurotus calyptratus | ||||||||||||
| ( Lindblad ex Fr. ) Saccardo |
The Beschleierte Seitling poplar or aspen Seitling ( Pleurotus calyptratus , syn. Lentodiopsis calyptrata, Tectella calyptrata ) is a mushroom art from the family of Seitlingsverwandten (Pleurotaceae). The species is placed in the subgenus Lentidiopsis with the closely related Berindeten Seitling . A distinctive feature of this group is a delicate velum on young fruiting bodies .
features
Macroscopic features
The 2.5–10 cm large fruiting bodies of the veiled poplar mushroom are semicircular, shell- to kidney-shaped. The species seldom fructifies with a tongue-shaped habit. The hat surface is smooth, wrinkled with age, bare and, at least in damp weather, a bit smeary. The color spectrum ranges from pale brownish-gray to light gray-blue. Older specimens can fade cream to whitish. What is striking is the white, later yellowing, skin-like veil that stretches from the edges of the hat over the lamellae in young fruit bodies. The partial velum tears open during growth and ragged remains stick to the edges. The lamellas are densely packed and tend to have slightly jagged edges. They are white to cream-colored, old yellowish to ocher-brown in color. The white spore powder darkens creamy-yellow when it dries. The laterally grown stalk is either short or absent entirely. The meat is white in color and does not show any color change when cut. It smells and tastes pleasantly sweet like fruit or honey, but also flour-like to inconspicuous.
Microscopic features
The cylindrical to slender elliptical spores are 10.5–15.5 µm long, (3) 4–5 µm wide and show no iodine color reaction . Cystidia are absent. The lamellar trama is constructed dimitically. The 2–3.5 µm wide skeletal hyphae are thick-walled, relatively short and have neither septa nor buckles .
Species delimitation
Barked mushroom
The fruiting bodies of the veiled poplar mushroom are very similar to the berinded mushroom . However, the former has no or only a very short stem, while its doppelganger always has a short and strong stem. The two species can be separated microscopically on the basis of their spore dimensions: the spores of the veiled poplar mushroom are larger at 12–15 × 4–5 µm versus 9–13 × 3–4 µm in the barked mushroom. In addition, the Berindete Seitling has a wide range of hosts, while the veiled Poplar-Seitling almost exclusively populates poplars.
Mussels
The laterally grown fruiting bodies of some species from the genus of the mussel ( Hohenbuehelia ) can also be confused with the veiled poplar mushroom. However, they have a very thin to clearly defined gelatinous layer under the cap skin. The pointed, thick-walled, crystal-covered and refractive cystids (metuloids) on the lamellar surfaces, mostly also on the cutting edges and sometimes even in the top layer of the hat, are characteristic of the mussels .
Sticky veil oyster
Young fruiting bodies of the sticky veiled oyster mushroom ( Tenacellus patellaris ) also have a membrane-like skin in front of the lamellae and a white to cream-colored spore powder, but the fruiting bodies are only up to 3 cm in size. In addition, the spore powder turns a distinct blue-black color with Melzer's reagent, while the "real" oyster mushrooms have inamyloid spores. The doppelganger prefers hazel as a substrate , but is also found on other hardwoods that the veiled poplar mushroom colonizes.
ecology
The veiled poplar mushroom is like the Berindete Seitling ( Pleurotus dryinus ) a weak parasite , ie it attacks z. B. trees weakened by drought or waterlogging. After the host dies, the fungus can still feed on the substrate as a saprobiont for some time . It causes an intense white rot in the heartwood . The species predominantly colonizes trunks, stumps and fallen branches of poplars , especially silver and quivering poplars . The fungus is also very rarely found on willows and rowan berries .
distribution
The veiled poplar mushroom is at home in Europe in the temperate to boreal zone and is mainly distributed in subboreal-subcontinental areas. In Central Europe there are found reports from Germany, Croatia, Liechtenstein, Austria, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and Hungary. In northern Europe, the species has so far only been found in Finland and Sweden. In Germany only a few finds from the southern federal states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg are known.
The mushroom is not established in Baden-Württemberg. As a forest pioneer (forewood) that prepared the ground after the Second World War, he was only able to benefit little from the spread of the quivering poplar. Since the tree was no longer mined, the veiled poplar mushroom has been left to die out. Protective measures, however, are not considered useful.
meaning
The veiled poplar mushroom is not an edible mushroom, as a tree and wood pest it is insignificant due to its rarity.
swell
literature
- Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Mushrooms of Switzerland. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 3: Bolete and agaric mushrooms. Part 1: Strobilomycetaceae and Boletaceae, Paxillaceae, Gomphidiacea, Hygrophoracea, Tricholomataceae, Polyporaceae (lamellar). Mykologia, Luzern 1991, ISBN 3-85604-030-7 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 3: Mushrooms. Blattpilze I. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3536-1 , p. 24.
- ↑ Ludwig, Erhard: Pilzkompendium, Vol. 1: Illustrations. The smaller genera of macromycetes with a lamellar hymenophore from the orders Agaricales, Boletales and Polyporales. IHW-Verlag, Eching 2000. Plate 147. Fig. 69.1, ISBN 3-930167-42-5 , p. 149.
- ↑ a b c d Erhard Ludwig: Pilzkompendium, Vol. 1. Descriptions. The smaller genera of macromycetes with a lamellar hymenophore from the orders Agaricales, Boletales and Polyporales. IHW-Verlag, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-43-3 , pp. 563-564.
- ↑ Frieder Gröger: Identification key for leaf mushrooms and boletus in Europe, part 1. In: Regensburger Mykologische Schriften 13, 2006, ISSN 0944-2820 .
- ↑ Johannes J. Schmitt: The veil oyster panellus patellaris : rare, overlooked or spreading? In: The Tintling . 61. Issue 4/2009, pp. 32-43. ISSN 1430-595X .
- ^ A b German Society for Mycology : Distribution of the veiled poplar mushroom in Germany . Mushroom mapping online . Retrieved July 23, 2011.
- ^ Andreas Bresinsky , Christian Düring, Wolfgang Ahlmer: data set of the veiled poplar oyster . In: PILZOEK. Database for mycological site studies . Retrieved July 28, 2011.