Blue rockcress

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Blue rockcress
Blue rockcress (arabis caerulea)

Blue rockcress ( arabis caerulea )

Systematics
Eurosiden II
Order : Cruciferous (Brassicales)
Family : Cruciferous vegetables (Brassicaceae)
Tribe : Arabideae
Genre : Goosecress ( Arabis )
Type : Blue rockcress
Scientific name
Arabis caerulea
( All. ) Haenke

The blue-cress ( Arabis caerulea ) is a plant from the genus of Arabis ( Arabis ) within the family of the Brassicaceae (Brassicaceae). It is common in the Alps .

description

Illustration from Germany's flora in illustrations after nature , 1806
Herbarium evidence

Vegetative characteristics

The blue rock cress grows as a wintering green, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 2 and 12 centimeters. Simple and forked hairs are present on the above-ground parts of the plant ( indument ). The upright, simple, leafy stem is hairy to the inflorescence.

The basal leaves, arranged in rosettes, have short stems and the one to three stem leaves are sessile. The fleshy leaf blade of the basal leaves is oval to oblong-egg-shaped and narrowed in a wedge shape at its base. The basal leaves and the stem leaves have two to rarely seven distinct, pointed teeth in the upper area and ciliate on the edge. The uppermost stem leaves are entire.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from July to August or September. Two to eight flowers are in a nodding, crowded, racemose inflorescence .

The hermaphroditic flowers have a double flower envelope . The four light blue-purple to whitish petals are narrow-spatulate with a length of 4 to 5 millimeters.

The fruit stalks are upright and close fitting. The bald, often blue pods are 10 to 30 millimeters long and 2.5 to 3 millimeters wide.

Chromosome set

The basic chromosome number is; there is diploidy with a chromosome number of 2n = 16.

ecology

The blue rockcress is a mesomorphic hemicryptophyte .

Arabis caerulea is self-compatible and slightly protogynous . From an ecological point of view, it is disc flowers with half-hidden nectar . The nectaries are located at the base of the stamens. There is pollination by insects or self-pollination . Typical pollinators are syrphids , bees and butterflies .

The diaspores are the seeds.

Occurrence

There are localities for France , Germany , Austria , Liechtenstein , Switzerland , Italy and Slovenia . This limestone plant thrives in the Alps . Arabis caerulea is a character species of the snow valleys in the association Arabidetum caeruleae from the association Arabidion caeruleae, but also occurs in plant communities of the association Drabion hoppeanae. Frequent locations are also damp rock debris corridors . The blue rockcress thrives at the alpine to subnival altitude . It occurs at altitudes from 1900 to 3500 meters.

Taxonomy

The first publication took place in 1785 under the name ( Basionym ) Turritis caerulea by Carlo Allioni in Flora Pedemontana 1, p. 270. The new combination to Arabis caerulea (All.) Haenke was published in 1789 Haenke in Collecteana , 2, p. 56.

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Arabis caerulea All., Blue rock cress. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f blue rockcress . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h Arabis caerulea All. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved December 28, 2018.
  4. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  467 .
  5. ↑ a b Karol Marhold, 2011: Brassicaceae. Datasheet In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity .
  6. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , pp. 593-594.

Web links

Commons : Blue rockcress ( Arabis caerulea )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files