Tin can (Leipzig)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The new construction of the tin can as part of the Höfe am Brühl on the newly designed Richard-Wagner-Platz in April 2014.

Tin can is the popular name for the former consumer goods store at Brühl at Richard-Wagner-Strasse 20 in Leipzig .

history

Until the end of the Second World War

“Kaufhaus Brühl” shortly after opening in 1908
First construction phase of the department store, 1908

Born in Switzerland, Paul Messow and Victor Waldschmidt opened the Swiss bazaar Messow & Waldschmidt in Dresden in December 1877 . Since March 1890, the expanding department store company operated under the name Messow & Waldschmidt and opened branches in Pirna , Zittau , Breslau and in Leipzig's Katharinenstraße.

In 1907, the Leipzig architect Emil Franz Hänsel acquired a building and land at Brühl No. 1, which had previously been owned by the Kees family , and had it demolished immediately. With Hansel as the architect and builder, a seven-storey department store building was erected within a year on the site on which, among other things, the house at the red and white lion was the birthplace of Richard Wagner , in which Messow & Waldschmidt on October 3, 1908 the Kaufhaus Brühl GmbH officially opened, managing directors were Heinrich Hirschfeld and Walter Riess. The sales area, which is distributed over four floors and has around 8,000 square meters with more than 250 permanent employees, had numerous special departments, for example areas for baby items, work clothing or food. This made the department store one of the largest facilities of its kind in Central Germany at the time.

Brühl department store after the expansion in 1912 (contemporary advertising brand )

After Paul Messow died in 1909, Walter Riess, who married Messow's daughter Gertrud in 1910, became the sole director and Otto Mühlstein, who had previously worked in the Dresden headquarters, and Salomon Sigismund Hirschfeld were appointed managing directors. The department store was expanded under Riess' management. In 1912, the property next to it was purchased and converted into the department store. The sales rooms that were expanded in this way were opened in May 1915 after there had been considerable structural delays due to the outbreak of the First World War. From 1927 onwards, the integration of a third piece of land resulted in a further increase in the sales area and an escalator was installed for the first time in a Leipzig department store . The previous so-called refreshment room as a special department took on the character of a restaurant with around 700 seats, and there were additional facilities such as hairdressing salons and a post office. In 1928 around 600 employees served customers of the department store on almost 20,000 square meters of sales area.

As a result of the anti-Jewish National Socialist policy, posters were displayed on shop windows for the first time in April 1933 with the request not to buy from Jews . As a result of the Aryanization , after the enactment of the law on the conversion of corporations of July 5, 1934, Kaufhaus Brühl GmbH was dissolved and its assets were taken over by Messow & Waldschmidt GmbH . In April 1936, the previous managing directors Riess, Meiser and Pelz were recalled and the businessman Rudolf Knoop from Cologne-Braunsfeld and the legal advisor Walter Ahlburg from Berlin-Dahlem were appointed managing directors. From September 12, 1936, the change of ownership was finally completed; the company was now called Rudolf Knoop & Co. GmbH .

During the heavy air raids on December 4, 1943 , the store was badly damaged by phosphorus bombs and had to be closed.

Since 1946

Consumer department store reopened after the war as the “Department Store of Peace”, 1951

After the referendum in Saxony on June 30, 1946 , the company Rudolf Knoop & Co. GmbH was expropriated without compensation. The new owner, the state of Saxony, transferred the department store to the re-established consumer cooperative in Leipzig in 1947 . In the following years, the reinforced concrete structure and the completely destroyed roof of the building were poorly restored to ensure structural safety.

Consumer department store, 1972
Logo of the "consumer department store at Brühl"
10 Pfennig - stamp of the GDR Post 1977 , consumer department store (trade fair stamp )

On January 1, 1965, the Leipziger Konsumgenossenschaft had to hand over the department store to the central trading company "Konsument" (ZU Konsument). From 1966 onwards, Konsument rebuilt the house, which was only provisionally repaired after the war, and installed a metal facade that has shaped the cityscape ever since. This curved windowless facade, structured by many hyperbolic parabolic elements made of aluminum , was designed by the artist and metal designer Harry Müller . The Leipzig architects Walther, Böhme, Dick, Graf, Kurth and Winzer were responsible for the interior design. The actual department store wing extended on the old floor plan, at the rear of the building an eight-storey administration and warehouse building was built. The ensemble was completed by a newly built low-rise building in which a food market was housed on around 1,000 square meters. Spread over five floors, the actual department store now had 11,500 square meters of retail space; only the ground floor and the upper floor in the restaurant area were provided with daylight. A memorial plaque was placed at the southern entrance indicating the house where Richard Wagner was born. In 1968 the house was officially opened as a consumer department store on Brühl, the largest department store in the GDR. The “tin can” - so called by the population because of the aluminum facade - very quickly became one of Leipzig's architectural landmarks.

Karstadt department store (interim), 2006

After the reunification of Germany , the department store remained in the possession of the Association of Consumer Cooperatives (VdK) , which had founded the joint venture "Horten-Konsument" as a 50/50 stake with Horten AG . This Horten-Konsument GmbH continued the business until 2001. After a short period of time under the name Kaufhof , the property was jointly sold by the Zentralkonsum eG and the associated land by a Jewish community of owners to Hertie / Karstadt, who used the building as an interim property until October 2006. In 2007, two exhibition projects took place in the otherwise unused department store building: the Designers' Open and the 14th Leipzig Annual Exhibition .

Demolition in 2010

Tin can before demolition, 2009

In order to create construction space for a new shopping center on Brühl, the building of the former consumer department store was demolished and replaced by a new building. The gutting and demolition work began on February 8, 2010 , the aluminum facade was dismantled by March 17, 2010 and stored in Berlin in order to attach it to the new building.

After the old Hansel façade of the Brühl department store, which was largely badly damaged, had been completely exposed, in April 2010 there was violent criticism and protests regarding the demolition plans. The Leipzig TV presenter Renato Bodenburg called for this. After his protest action on April 8, 2010, a human chain was organized and a weekly signature collection against the demolition followed. Like many others now, Bodenburg demanded the preservation of the historical building fabric instead of the demolition and later re-installation of the aluminum facade. On April 17th, around 250 people gathered at the construction site to demonstrate with a human chain against the demolition of the older facade. Leipzig politicians also supported the proposal. Bodenburg's suggestion, which received a lot of national attention, was worked out in detail together with Niels Gormsen (1990–1995 Head of Building and City Planning in Leipzig), but it was not taken into account in later drafts. It was proposed to keep the old building with its stone facade in its original location and to rebuild the aluminum facade at the other end of the building complex, at the Hallischer Tor. In the end, a compromise was made with a showcase solution, the concept of which was drawn up by the Grüntuch Ernst architects' office. A 15-meter-wide section of the old Hansel façade is to be preserved and integrated into the new building, in accordance with the requirements of the listed building. As in a showcase, it should be visible inwards and outwards through a glass wall. In January 2011 there were media reports that the Saxon monument protection authority had decided against the display case solution. The 15-meter-wide section of the facade was to be retained, but not visible from the outside.

At the beginning of July 2010 the demolition work on the tin can was finished. Only the 15-meter-wide section of the facade described was retained - supported by a steel structure during the construction work. Today it's back behind the aluminum shell.

  • Dismantling of the aluminum facade, March 2010

  • Dismantling of the cladding consisting of aluminum segments

  • Aluminum facade completely removed, April 2010

  • Old building decorations on the north side, April 2010

  • Demolition of the facade at the end of June 2010

  • Preserved facade piece (back)

  • Preserved facade piece (front)

Reconstruction as part of the Höfe am Brühl

Shell construction of the tin can as part of the Höfe am Brühl construction site in January 2012

In April 2008 it was announced that the new shopping center would be called Höfe am Brühl . The tender for the construction project went to the Berlin architects Grüntuch & Ernst . The construction was realized by the real estate agency mfi .

The completed new construction of the tin can as part of the new shopping center after its opening in September 2012

The excavation of the construction pit began at the end of August 2010. The foundation stone was laid on December 9, 2010 . A year later, the topping-out ceremony was celebrated on December 8, 2011. Starting on March 4th, the 480 restored characteristic aluminum plates were attached to the new building in the same place and in the same shape. The completion of the shopping center was originally planned for the end of 2011. However, the opening did not take place until September 25, 2012.

In the new building of the tin can, there are now four storeys of shops. Contrary to the earlier plans, the preserved piece of historical sandstone facade cannot be seen from the outside, but only from the inside of the building.

Web links

Commons : Konsument-Warenhaus am Brühl  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • A walk through the Brühl department store. In: The Leipziger. Illustrated weekly. 3rd year 1908, No. 40, pp. 1209–1212.
  • Dieter Altmann: Warenhaus am Brühl. In: Umschau 1968, No. 18, p. 21.
  • Andrea Lorz: The Brühl department store from its founding to its expropriation in 1946. In: Leipziger Wirtschaft , 7th year 1996, No. 12, pp. 30–31.
  • Andrea Lorz: "A house has grown up". From the history of the "tin can". In: Leipziger Blätter , 2002, No. 40, pp. 28-30.
  • Wolfgang Hocquél : Leipzig. Architecture from the Romanesque to the present. 2nd, greatly expanded edition, Passage-Verlag, Leipzig 2004, ISBN 3-932900-54-5 , p. 54.
  • Andrea Lorz: Existence destruction and "Aryanization" in retail and health care. In: Monika Gibas (Ed.): "Aryanization" in Leipzig. Approaching a long repressed chapter of the city's history from 1933 to 1945. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 2007, ISBN 978-3-86583-142-2 , pp. 53–71 (53–57).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Statistical yearbook VdK 1968
  2. ^ Annual report VdK eG 1991–1995; Wirtschaft & Markt, special issue "Under one roof"
  3. ↑ Purchase contract, archive of the Zentralkonsum eG, land registry of the city of Leipzig
  4. ^ Hartmann & Neubert: Designers' Open / Review. (2008, online  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this note. (PDF; 1.03 MB), last access: 25. August 2008)@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.designersopen.de  
  5. ↑ Leipziger- Jahresausstellung.de : press reviews… ( Memento of the original from December 7, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . (accessed on July 18, 2008) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.leipziger-jahresausstellung.de
  6. ↑ Jens Rometsch: The tin can is already gutted. ( Memento of the original from April 5, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: LVZ Online from January 26, 2010 (last accessed: March 19, 2010). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / nachrichten.lvz-online.de
  7. ↑ Jens Rometsch: The last sheet is gone. The demolition at Brühl will begin next week. In: LVZ Online from March 16, 2010 (last accessed: March 19, 2010).
  8. ^ Jens Rometsch: Protests against the demolition of the Brühl department store - TV presenter in the LVZ video interview. In: LVZ Online from April 8, 2010 (last accessed: November 18, 2011).
  9. ^ Citizens' initiative Kaufhaus Brühl: Protest actions. ( Memento of the original from May 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (last accessed November 18, 2011). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kaufhausbruehl.de
  10. ↑ L-IZ.de: building project on the Brühl. The CDU is also in favor of maintaining the old facade. (April 16, 2010, last accessed April 19, 2010).
  11. ↑ 250 participants in the human chain against Brühl demolition. In: LVZ Online from April 17, 2010 (last accessed: April 19, 2010).
  12. ↑ Dankwart Guratzsch: Case "Blechbüchse". In Leipzig, Art Nouveau fights against GDR modernism. In: Welt Online from May 21, 2010 (last accessed: July 5, 2010).
  13. ↑ Erich Loest: Sleeping Beauty and a lot of tin. Duckers against keepers: What is behind the dispute over a department store facade in Leipzig. In: Zeit Online from June 2, 2010 (last accessed July 5, 2010).
  14. ↑ mfi management für immobilien AG: Höfe-am-Brühl-facade. New architect's draft is approved. Press release from May 14, 2010 (last accessed: August 25, 2010).
  15. ↑ scandal? Höfe am Brühl: Proposal for a glass showcase without processing by offices off the table. Video report on the likely abandonment of the showcase solution. Leipzig television from February 1, 2011 (last accessed: November 18, 2011).
  16. ↑ L-IZ.de: Instead of arcades “Höfe am Brühl”. (April 12, 2008, accessed July 18, 2008)
  17. ↑ Baunetz.de: 1st prize in the Brühl-Arcarden competition. (November 7, 2007, accessed December 16, 2008)
  18. ↑ a b Klaus Staeubert: Start of construction for “Höfe am Brühl”. Excavation of the construction pit begins. In: LVZ Online from August 25, 2010 (last accessed: August 25, 2010).
  19. ↑ Evelyn ter Vehn (December 8, 2011): Topping-out ceremony for the Höfe am Brühl. Around 130 shops are scheduled to open in autumn 2012. ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: LVZ Online. (Accessed December 10, 2011). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / nachrichten.lvz-online.de
  20. ^ LVZ Online (March 3, 2012): Leipzig gets the tin can back. Aluminum plates have been installed since Friday. (Last accessed March 4, 2012).
  21. ↑ Dave Tarassow (March 3, 2012): Construction site documentation with pictures. ( Memento of the original from August 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (last accessed March 4, 2012). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stadtbild-leipzig.de
  22. ^ Matthias doll, Felix Kretz: The great rush. Yesterday, more than 100,000 customers came to the Höfe am Brühl for the official sales launch. In: Leipziger Volkszeitung of September 26, 2012, p. 15
  23. ↑ mfi management für immobilien AG: Exposé Höfe am Brühl ( Memento of the original from October 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 4.51 MB) , p. 19. (last accessed October 31, 2012).  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mfi.eu

Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ′ 36.8 ″  N , 12 ° 22 ′ 22.8 ″  E