Braunsfeld (Cologne)

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Coat of arms of Cologne
Braunsfeld
district 304 of Cologne
Location of the Braunsfeld district in the Cologne-Lindenthal district
Coordinates 50 ° 56'13 "  N , 6 ° 54'1"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 56'13 "  N , 6 ° 54'1"  E
surface 1.673 km²
Residents 12,070 (Dec. 31, 2017)
Population density 7215 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation Apr 1, 1888
Post Code 50933
prefix 0221
Borough Lindenthal (3)
Transport links
Federal road B55
Light rail lines 1 7th 13
Bus routes 140 172 173
Source: 2017 residents . (PDF) Cologne district information

Braunsfeld is a district in the west of Cologne on the left bank of the Rhine , in the district of Lindenthal .

location

The district borders on Lindenthal to the east and south , Müngersdorf to the west and Ehrenfeld to the north . The Melatenfriedhof , located immediately east of Braunsfeld, belongs to the Lindenthal district, but its actual center is further south.

history

Aachener Straße leads through today's Braunsfeld in a west-east direction . It is one of the main Roman roads that led from Cologne via Jülich , Maastricht and Tongern to the canal coast in Boulogne-sur-Mer . The area was settled in Roman times. A villa rustica was found there, to which several Roman graves belong. Some of these were furnished with valuable grave goods, the best-known piece of which is probably the diatret cup exhibited in the Roman-Germanic Museum in Cologne .

In the Middle Ages, the place of today's Melatenfriedhof was the site of the Cologne execution site and, by the 12th century at the latest, a hospital for leprosy sufferers. Otherwise, the area was only used for agriculture for a long time.

In 1804, for hygienic reasons, the French banned the hitherto customary burials in the town's churchyards. Soon afterwards, the Melaten cemetery was opened as the first large cemetery in Cologne.

In 1862 the Cologne haulage contractor Ferdinand Braun acquired large pieces of land in this area in order to build a brick factory there for the needs of the rapidly growing city of Cologne and its suburbs. The workers required for this were settled in newly built settlement houses nearby. Since the land was also on the fields that belonged to Braun, the workers said they lived on Braun's field. Hence the name of the district.

As early as 1877, the Melaten cemetery was connected to the city with a horse-drawn tram line . This line was extended to Müngersdorf in 1886.

In the 19th century, Braunsfeld belonged to the municipality of Kriel in the Efferen mayor of the Cologne district . Together with the entire municipality of Kriel, Braunsfeld was incorporated into the city of Cologne in 1888.

Towards the end of the 19th century, the garden of a banker's villa was converted into a public park, the city forest. A villa settlement was built around this park, the northern part of which belongs to the Braunsfeld district. To the west and north of the Melatenfriedhof, a mixed development with numerous smaller industrial and commercial enterprises emerged in the following decades, while mainly residential buildings are located along Aachener Strasse and south of it.

On September 5, 1977 in Braunsfeld in Vincenz-Statz-Straße, Hanns Martin Schleyer was kidnapped by the Red Army faction , and his four companions were killed by the terrorists.

Demographic statistics

Structure of the population of Cologne-Braunsfeld:

  • Proportion of under 18-year-olds: 12.3% (2014)
  • Proportion of over 64-year-olds: 19.9% ​​(2014)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 11.5% (2015)
  • Unemployment rate: 4.6% (2014)

Infrastructure

View over Braunsfeld, back right: Müngersdorf industrial area
“The four Haimons children”, a bronze group of figures in front of the Geilenkircher Strasse school in Braunsfeld; Created in 1969 by the sculptor Heinz Klein-Arendt

traffic

Tram lines 1 and 7 run on Aachener Straße , which ensure frequent and quick connections to the city center. Line 13 circles the city in a semicircle and also runs through Braunsfeld. Some bus lines also provide transport access. On the northwest edge of the district is the S-Bahn -Haltepunkt Köln-Müngersdorf Technologiepark . The S-Bahn lines 12 and 13 stop here.

The Aachener Strasse, the Gürtel and the Innere Kanalstrasse serve as feeder and distribution roads for car traffic .

Business

Well-known companies have settled in Braunsfeld, so until 1999 the headquarters of the Afri-Cola brand was located here . The German headquarters of the EMI-Electrola record company was also located here for decades . At the intersection of Aachener Straße / Melatengürtel is the administration tower of the German Health Insurance (DKV / Jetzt ERGO), which was moved into in 1970 and was expanded a few years ago.

The Kölner Verkehrs-Betriebe (KVB) not only have one of their tram depots in Braunsfeld , but also the head office. The Braunsfeld Technology Park was set up in the 1990s for smaller companies in the high-tech sector .

Social institutions and churches

The Trinity Hospital is located on Aachener Strasse .

There is a Protestant church in the district, the Clarenbach Church, consecrated in 1951 . It is named after Adolf Clarenbach , who was executed on Melaten in 1529 because of his failed attempt to introduce the Reformation in the city of Cologne.

There is also a Catholic church in the district: St. Joseph , whose predecessor fell victim to the Second World War in 1944. St. Joseph was built in the mid-1950s according to a design by the architect Rudolf Schwarz . In addition, the Catholic Church of Christ Resurrection , a building consecrated in 1971 by Gottfried Böhm , is now a branch church of the Braunsfeld pastoral care area; but it is located in the Lindenthal district.

The federal headquarters of the Alevi Congregation in Germany and the television station Yol TV , which is in cooperation with it, are also located in Stolberger Strasse.

schools

societies

The Great Braunsfelder Carnival Society of 1976 e. V. was founded in the Cologne district of Braunsfeld and today maintains an office and a casino in the Cologne-Braunsfeld Technology Park.

Personalities

  • Hans Elfgen (1889–1968), District President of the Cologne District.
  • Joseph Frings (1887–1978), Archbishop of Cologne; was pastor from 1924 to 1937 at St. Joseph.
  • Irmgard Keun (1905–1982), writer and Nazi victim; lived from 1940 to 1945 under the name Charlotte Tralow in Cologne-Braunsfeld in her parents' house
  • Alfred Kuttenkeuler (1870–1949), lawyer and politician.
  • Eduard Schneider-Davids (1869–1970), engineer, building officer and Westphalian local writer.
  • Guido Westerwelle (1961–2016), politician.

literature

  • Harald Peikert: Braunsfeld. A puzzle in 23 parts. Cologne 1989
  • Max-Leo Schwering: Cologne: Braunsfeld - Melaten (= publications of the Cologne City Museum, vol. 6) Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-927396-93-1

See also

Web links

Commons : Köln-Braunsfeld  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  2. ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  3. ↑ Inhabitants by type of migration background - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  4. ↑ Employed and unemployed part of the city - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de