Bolsemelskaya Tundra
Coordinates: 67 ° 44 ′ 4 " N , 57 ° 4 ′ 52.7" E
The Bolschesemelskaya Tundra ( Russian Большеземе́льская ту́ндра ) is a hilly moraine landscape in the extreme northeast of the European part of Russia .
The Bolsemelskaya Tundra is part of the North Russian Lowlands . It is bounded by the rivers of the Pechora and Ussa , as well as the Polar Urals and the Pai-Choi Mountains . In the north is the Pechora Sea . The Bolsemelskaya Tundra is mainly north of the Arctic Circle .
Politically, the tundra extends over the territory of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Komi Republic . Their height varies between 100 and 150 m. However, some elevations reach heights of 200 to 250 m. From the mouth of the Zilma in the Petschora in the southwest to the Khaypudyr Bay in the northeast along the Tundra the low extends Semljanoi -Höhenzug (Земляной хребет). The Chernyshev Ridge rises to the east of the Bolsemelskaya Tundra . The tundra landscape is interspersed with scree slopes and moraine hills.
The climate is sub-arctic with long cold winters and short cool summers. The mean temperatures in January are −16 ° C in the north-western part and −20 ° C in the north-eastern part of the tundra. In July the mean temperatures are 8 to 12 ° C. Annual rainfall in the region is 450 mm in the south and 250 mm in the north.
The Bolsemelskaya tundra is largely drained by the tributaries of the Ussa and Pechora, including the Adswa , Kolva , Laja and Shapkina . There are lakes in the upper reaches of many rivers. Permafrost soils are found in large parts of the tundra .
The vegetation of the Bolsemelskaya tundra consists of various types of moss and low shrubs.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Article Bolschesemelskaja-Tundra in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)