Bristle

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
View of Bernhard-Borst-Strasse with a fountain from 1960 Judgment of Paris , sculptor Prof. Jakob Wilhelm Fehrle .
Hirsch (1954) by Heinrich Düll and Georg Pezold in Hildebrandstrasse

The Borstei is a listed residential area in the Munich district Moosach that from 1924 to 1929 by the architect and building contractor Bernhard Borst was built.

history

Destruction by bomb hits

As a new location for his construction company , Bernhard Borst acquired a 90,000 m² plot of land on Dachauer Strasse with a siding in 1923 . In addition to workshops, residential buildings were also to be built there. Borst announced an architecture competition for this. Of the 60 submissions that were exhibited in the Munich Glass Palace , two second prizes were awarded, but no winner was chosen. Borst now created a design himself: since the construction company was not housed, several residential buildings were built around courtyards and connected by vaults and passageways in the following years. In 1927 Borst brought in the architect Oswald Bieber .

With the construction of the Borstei, the entrepreneur Borst realized one of his ideals: “So I tried to solve the question of living: to combine the beauty of the single-family house with the practicality of an apartment. I wanted to coordinate everything with the housewife and the health of the people. "

In addition, the interweaving of art and nature was of great importance for Borst and the design of the facility. Various sculptures and reliefs as well as frescoes on the buildings can be found in the outdoor areas.

For the heating and hot water supply, the Borstei received the first central heating power plant in Germany (1928), which is still in operation today. The two-, three- and four-room apartments offered a high level of comfort for the time : central heating , running hot water, telephone, gas stoves , parquet flooring , bathroom, wash basin and bidet , heated garages, dust extraction rooms for carpeting, ground-level storage rooms for bicycles and strollers and children's playgrounds in the courtyards. The tenants were able to hand in the laundry in the Borstei's large laundry, which they returned within 24 hours, ready for use. Meals could be ordered in the large kitchen; they were delivered by electric carts. Carpenters , plumbers , gardeners , painters and other craftsmen are available to the tenants by the hour - even today - to work in the house .

Overall system

When the settlement was almost complete, however, it still had no name. So in December 1928 was competition proclaimed. From the more than 2,600 submissions such as "Paradies, Schlaraffenhof, Borsts Wohnautomat, Borstelysium ...", the term "Borstei" was chosen several times. In 1929 the construction of the Borstei was completed.

During the Second World War the Borstei received a heavy bomb hit and damage from airborne weapons.

Borst, who himself lived in the Borstei after the war, organized garden concerts for the residents and carnival celebrations and summer parties for the children of the settlement .

Borst was influenced by the architects Theodor Fischer and August Exter . The Borstei quickly developed into a residential area for the upper middle class in the 1930s.

Appearance

Apollo and the Muses , fresco in Bernhard-Borst-Straße, 1959, painter Heinrich Bickel

The settlement consists of 77 multi-family houses in a row, which form seven courtyards. The total area is 68,690 m², of which 19,062 m² are built over (approx. 23%). The total of 772 2- to 5-room apartments with 3,778 rooms have an area of ​​70,200 m² (average size: approx. 91 m²). The courtyards are green spaces with numerous plantings and decorated with 51 statues, numerous reliefs, a pond and nine fountains.

The double windows have uniform white shutters and part of the facade is overgrown with vines that do not produce any vines. The individually designed houses are decorated with four house-high frescoes . The post office, shops, large kitchen, laundry, heating plant, kindergartens and a cafe were integrated into the houses.

Infrastructure

Most courtyards are open to local traffic. There are 268 garages and 46 parking spaces available for vehicles. Storage rooms for bicycles and strollers were created at ground level. 73 commercial spaces were set up, including the shopping street, doctors' offices, post office, a café and two kindergartens.

From 1929 onwards, the telephone exchange connected all apartments and facilities with one another. Because the eastern edge of the residential complex is directly adjacent to Landshuter Allee ( middle ring ), noise protection windows are installed there. Borstei was connected to public transport through the Borstei tram stop (Tram 20 + 21) in Dachauer Strasse and the Westfriedhof underground station .

About the siding and loading tracks on the railway line to Dachau (now course Landshuter Allee) was u. a. the thermal power station is supplied with coal. In the north there was the Moosach gasworks in the immediate vicinity .

museum

Borstei Museum.JPG

The Borstei Museum (Löfftzstraße 10, courtyard entrance) was opened in October 2006 on the initiative of Erna ( Line ) Borst in the presence of the former Lord Mayor Christian Ude . It is called the smallest museum in Munich! , provides information on the concept and history of the Borstei, the Borst couple and shows numerous exhibits about life in the Borstei.

literature

  • Klaus Weschenfelder: The Borstei in Munich. A conservative settlement model from the twenties. In: Miscellanea Bavarica Monacensia. Issue 99. Munich 1980, p. 69.
  • P. Schreiner, M. Michel, AC Woltmann: The Borstei - a timeless model for human living. Ed. Borstei-Verwaltung. Munich, 1987.
  • Axel Winterstein: Borstei: Bernhard Borst - living for an idea. Buchendorfer Verlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-934036-99-6 .
  • Daniela Walther: Against the ephemeral. The bristle: beauty down to the last detail. In: Biss - Citizens In Social Difficulties . Issue 7–8 / 2007, pp. 13–15.
  • Borsteimuseum (Ed.): The gardens of the Borstei. Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-922803-18-8 .
  • Borsteimuseum (Ed.): The artworks of the Borstei. Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-922803-19-5 .
  • Maximiliane Buchner: The Borstei in Munich - A Bavarian Utopia? . In: INSITU. Zeitschrift für Architekturgeschichte 7 (2/2015), pp. 263–274.

Web links

Commons : Borstei  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ The gardens of the Borstei in Munich . Year 1924 in the online exhibition “100 Years of Landscape Architecture” by the bdla . Retrieved March 27, 2014.
  2. Borstei, Munich. Retrieved June 30, 2016 .

Coordinates: 48 ° 10 ′ 13 ″  N , 11 ° 32 ′ 6 ″  E