Bottisham
| Bottisham | |||
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 13 ′ N , 0 ° 16 ′ E | ||
| OS National Grid | TL543607 | ||
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| Residents | 1983 (as of April 29, 2001) | ||
| surface | 11.5 km² (4.44 mi² ) | ||
| Population density: | 172 inhabitants per km² | ||
| administration | |||
| Post town | Cambridge | ||
| ZIP code section | CB25 9 | ||
| prefix | 01223 | ||
| Part of the country | England | ||
| region | East of England | ||
| Shire county | Cambridgeshire | ||
| District | East Cambridgeshire | ||
| British Parliament | South East Cambridgeshire | ||
| Website: http://bottishampc.co.uk/ | |||
Bottisham is a larger village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire , England, approximately 10 km east of Cambridge . It is almost halfway between Cambridge and Newmarket on the road link between the two cities that has existed since the Middle Ages.
geography
The place is south of the marshland of East Cambridgeshire already on the higher and completely dry areas. The area of the municipality is located at heights between 10 m and 30 m above sea level . The immediate neighbors are Swaffham Bulbeck , Lode , Stow cum Quy and Little Wilbraham .
history
The entire area already shows Stone Age tool finds, various Bronze Age graves and traces of settlement from Roman times . In the 13th century there were three other small settlements in the immediate vicinity in addition to the main town, of which Lode and Long Meadow are still recognizable today. The population grew from about 50 adults to more than 400 people from the 9th to the 18th centuries. The largest landowners for centuries were Anglesey Abbey , Tunbridge Abbey , and the Alington and Jenyns families.
Until the 20th century the place expanded mainly along the main street and consisted of fewer than 200 houses. Strong growth did not set in until the middle of the 20th century, which had already led to a doubling of the number of houses in the mid-1960s. The majority of this is in the 150 houses of the "Park Estate" on Beechwood Avenue and its side streets.
At the end of the 18th century the community had 7 inns , of which only "The Bell", located in the center of the village, is operated today.
Buildings
Village church
The listed village church dates from the 13th and 14th centuries and is consecrated to the Holy Trinity . Smaller parts of the masonry, especially in the tympanum, come from the previous church, which was probably built in the 12th century. Despite modern renovations, the overall impression of a medieval Gothic church has been preserved, with the structure from the 13th to 15th centuries also clearly visible in the interior. The oldest pieces of equipment are stone baptismal fonts from the 13th and 14th centuries and three rood screens from the 14th century.
In the church there are some elaborately designed graves of locally known people. These include members of the locally influential landowning families Alington and Jenyns. The best preserved grave monuments date from the 17th and 18th centuries.
Since the mid-sixteenth century, the vast majority of the Church's vicars and priests have been provided by graduates from Trinity College , Cambridge.
Mansion
To the northeast of the village is the Grade II listed manor house Bottisham Hall . It is privately owned and not open to the public.
The two-story building was probably built by Charles Humfrey in 1797. The outer walls of the U-shaped house are made of gray bricks, the roof is covered with slate. The facade is structured on the ground floor by rows of arched windows and on the first floor by wrought iron balconies. Some elements of the original furnishings have been retained in the main rooms, such as the flooring in the entrance hall, the main staircase and two white marble fireplaces.
Former airfield
From 1940 to 1946 there was a military airfield in the southwest of the town, which was used by the Royal Air Force , the United States Air Force and the Belgian Air Force during the Second World War and shortly thereafter . Today almost all of the facilities have been torn down, and the last remaining building houses a small museum.
population
In the census , which took place every 10 years from the 19th century , the following figures were determined for Bottisham after the separation of the former Lode district:
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In 1941 there was no census due to the war.
Infrastructure
Bottisham is connected to the road network via the Cambridge to Newmarket road (A1303) and the nearby A14 trunk road.
Local public transport is provided by a bus route between Cambridge and Newmarket. From 1884 to 1964 the place was connected to the British railway network. The station was closed to passenger traffic in 1962 and later demolished except for the station building. Although the train station bore the name of the place, it was located in the neighboring village of Lode.
economy
The economy in Bottisham has been dominated by agriculture and livestock up to the present day. The parts of the marshland, which previously belonged to the place, were initially used for fishing, later reed was harvested there and peat was extracted . Only sparse remains of the originally existing water and windmills can be found today.
Since the mid-1820s there was a brick factory in the village , which was closed in the middle of the 20th century. Today Bottisham has a small industrial park and some residents continue to make a living from agriculture. However, the majority of the population commutes to work in the surrounding cities.
administration
Bottisham and the neighboring Lode were jointly administered until 1894 . Since then it has been an independent municipality with an administrative board that takes care of the local affairs. The next higher-level administrative unit is the County East Cambridgeshire .
schools
Bottisham is one of the places in Cambridgeshire where the concept of "Village Colleges" developed by Henry Morris is still implemented today. Morris began reforming the school system in rural Cambridgeshire in the 1920s and had the second village college built in Bottisham in 1937 after a successful pilot project in Sawston . The concept of these schools should not only enable good school education for pupils aged 11 to 16, but also promote further training for adults in a variety of topics. The school complex is still a center of local cultural activities. The idea of a center for lifelong education is also evident in the buildings grouped around a central square and the great importance placed on their artistic design.
There is also a primary school for younger students in the village , which also accepts students from two neighboring towns.
village life
There has been a theater company in Bottisham since the 1970s. There are several sports clubs , including a swimming club and a football club.
literature
- Wareham, Wright: A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely . tape 10 , 2002, p. 196–215 ( online [accessed November 3, 2018]).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Local Area Report for Bottisham on the information system nomisweb of the Office for National Statistics ; accessed on July 9, 2018.
- ↑ Church of Holy Trinity (Grade I) [1127115] ( English ) In: National Heritage List for England . Historic England . Retrieved November 9, 2018.
- ^ A b Wareham, Wright: A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely . tape 10 , 2002, p. 215–220 ( online [accessed December 6, 2018]).
- ↑ Soame Gambier Jenyns' curriculum vitae with descriptions of parts of the family's graves. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
- ↑ Bottisham Hall (Grade II) [1331430] ( English ) In: National Heritage List for England . Historic England . Retrieved November 2, 2018.
- ↑ Entry in parks & gardens UK . Retrieved November 14, 2018.
- ^ Website of the Bottisham Airfield Museum. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
- ↑ a b Historic Census Population Figures 1801–2001 ( June 9, 2011 memento on the Internet Archive ), published by Cambridgeshire County Council in 2010.
- ↑ Route of the bus route through Bottisham on the website of the operating company; accessed on November 2, 2018.
- ^ History of Bottisham Station. Retrieved November 2, 2018.
- ↑ Historical map of the area around Bottisham with the location of the train station and the route of the railway line; accessed on November 2, 2018.
- ↑ Burwell Economic History see: Wareham, Wright: A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely . tape 10 , 2002, p. 205–214 ( online [accessed December 11, 2018]).
- ^ Henry Morris' curriculum vitae on the Henry Morris Memorial Trust website. Retrieved November 1, 2018.
- ^ History of the "Village Colleges" on infed.org . Retrieved November 1, 2018.
- ↑ Bottisham Village College story on the school's home page. Retrieved November 1, 2018.
- ↑ Floor plan of the school complex with " Art in Architecture " on the school's homepage. Retrieved November 1, 2018.
- ^ Homepage of the Bottisham Primary School. Retrieved November 1, 2018.
- ^ Homepage of the Bottisham Players . Retrieved December 4, 2018.
- ^ Homepage of the Bottisham Swimming Club . Retrieved December 4, 2018.
- ↑ Archive version (2009) of the Bottisham Football Club homepage . Retrieved December 4, 2018.
Web links
- Homepage of Bottisham Village College
- Description and photos of the village church on Cambridgeshire Churches