Brown herb mushroom
| Brown herb mushroom | ||||||||||||
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Cultivated form of the brown herb mushroom |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pleurotus eryngii | ||||||||||||
| ( DC .: Fr. ) Gillet |
The brown herb mushroom ( Pleurotus eryngii ) is a type of mushroom from the family of the mushroom relatives .
features
Macroscopic features
The fruiting bodies only appear to grow on the ground, but they actually sit parasitically on the dying roots of the host plant. In the wild, the specimens are about 8 × 5–10 cm in size, colored white or cream-ocher and have a gray-brown, fine-felted hat . The edge of the hat is long bent down to curled and slightly wavy. The soft and distant lamellae run far down the stem and are cross-connected there like a network (anastomoses). They are white in color and turn yellow to orange as they ripen. The spore powder is white. The stem is full and, depending on the point of attachment, fused with the hat centrally or eccentrically. The fruit bodies have a thick, firm and whitish flesh . They appear individually to in groups, sometimes a bit tufted.
Microscopic features
The spores are 7–9.5 × 3.5 µm in size, cylindrical-elliptical in shape, hyaline and each filled with a drop of oil.
ecology
In contrast to the usually wood-dwelling species of the mushrooms, the brown herb mushrooms parasitize on the roots of the field man litter ( Eryngium campestre ).
distribution
The brown herb mushroom occurs in southern, eastern and western Europe. In Germany it is very rare to grow wild. The red list of large mushrooms in Germany lists the species as critically endangered (endangerment category 1).
Systematics
With regard to the host plant - all of them umbelliferae - a distinction is made between two other clans that can only be crossed with one another to a limited extent. They are listed in the literature either as varieties or at species level:
- ferulae ( fennel mushroom ): parasitic on the roots of the giant fennel Ferula communis , distribution area of the form is southern Europe and north Africa. The spores of this shape measure 14 × 7 µm.
- nebrodensis ( pale herb mushroom ): parasitic on the roots of the laser herb ( Laserpitum latifolium , Laserfolium siler ), distribution area Western Alps, Trentino , Sicily , Atlas , spore size 10–14 × 5–6 µm. Breitenbach & Kränzlin give this taxon for Switzerland.
meaning
cultivation
The brown herb mushroom does not necessarily need man litter as a host plant, but can be brought to fruiting on artificial substrates . For some time it has been increasingly offered as a market mushroom and on a substrate for cultivation. The culture is considered a little more difficult than that of the oyster mushroom . The brown herb mushroom is characterized by a delicate aroma. The meat has a mushroom- like consistency.
swell
- Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Mushrooms of Switzerland. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 3: Bolete and agaric mushrooms. Part 1: Strobilomycetaceae and Boletaceae, Paxillaceae, Gomphidiacea, Hygrophoracea, Tricholomataceae, Polyporaceae (lamellar). Mykologia, Luzern 1991, ISBN 3-85604-030-7 .
- Andreas Bresinsky: Snow cap mushrooms - oyster mushrooms . In: The Tintling . tape 4 , 2006, ISSN 1430-595X , p. 8-18 .
- Petra Albert, Guido Albert: cultivated mushroom king oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus eryngii ) . In: The Tintling . tape 2 , 2007, ISSN 1430-595X , p. 60-61 .
Web link
Individual evidence
- ↑ Editor: Rote Liste Zentrum: Detail page - Rote Liste. Retrieved March 29, 2020 .
