Mountain laser herb

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Mountain laser herb
Mountain laser herb (Laserpitium siler)

Mountain laser herb ( Laserpitium siler )

Systematics
Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales)
Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae)
Subfamily : Apioideae
Tribe : Scandiceae
Genre : Laser herbs ( laserpitium )
Type : Mountain laser herb
Scientific name
Laserpitium siler
L.

The mountain laser herb ( Laserpitium siler ), also called mountain caraway , is a species of the genus laser herbs ( Laserpitium ) within the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae). It is native to the mountains of Europe and was previously used as a herb and medicinal plant.

description

Subterranean plant parts and the lower leaves
Double-gold inflorescences
Fruit cluster

Vegetative characteristics

The mountain laser herb is a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant that reaches heights of 30 to 100, rarely up to 150 centimeters. The basic axis is long and thick, rolling, vertical, outside brown-black and ringed, inside white, with a strong spicy and bitter taste, with a thick tuft of fibers on top. The mostly bare stem is finely grooved, but round in cross-section and has a tuft of fibers from its base. The vegetative parts of the plant are blue-green.

The basal leaves are usually 30 to 50 centimeters, rarely up to 100 to 100 centimeters long, the stem leaves quickly become smaller as they rise. The two- to fourfold pinnate leaves are triangular in outline . The bluish-green, coarse, linear-lanceolate and entire-margined plumage sections often have a slightly lighter colored to white, slightly cartilaginous margin.

Generative characteristics

The double-gold inflorescence is 20 to 50-rayed. Both bracts and bracts are several; they are lanceolate, glabrous and have a broad, lighter, membranous edge.

The bald fruit is 6 to 12 millimeters long and has broadly winged ribs.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.

Herbarium evidence

Occurrence

The mountain laser herb occurs in the mountains of central and southern Europe . It is a warmth-loving species that likes to grow on sunny slopes, forest edges or bushes borders. Lime soils are preferred. In Central Europe, Laserpitium siler is a character species of the Bupleuro-Laserpitietum from the Geranion sanguinei association. It also occurs in societies of the Erico-Pinion or in the montane Laserpitio-Seslerietum (Association Seslerion albicantis).

In Germany, the mountain laser herb occurs only in the Alps , in some places on the Swabian Alb and in the Urft valley in the Eifel. In the Allgäu Alps, the mountain laser herb in the Tyrolean part of the Heuberg near Häselgehr rises to an altitude of 1700 meters.

Systematics

The first publication of Laserpitium siler took place in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , page 249. A synonym for Laserpitium siler L. is Siler montanum Crantz .

Depending on the author, there are several subspecies of Laserpitium siler :

  • Laserpitium siler L. subsp. siler : It occurs in Spain, Andorra, France, Germany, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Austria, Italy, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania and Bulgaria.
  • Laserpitium siler subsp. garganicum (Ten.) Arcang. (Syn .: Ligusticum garganicum Ten. , Laserpitium garganicum (Ten.) Bertol. ): It occurs on the Balkan Peninsula , in Bulgaria , on Sardinia and earlier also in Italy. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 22.
  • Laserpitium siler subsp. laeve (Halácsy) Hartvig (Syn .: Laserpitium garganicum var. laeve Halácsy ): It occurs only in Greece .
  • Laserpitium siler subsp. siculum (explosive) Santang. & al. (Syn .: Laserpitium siculum Spreng. , Laserpitium garganicum subsp. Siculum (Spreng.) Pignatti ): It occurs only in Italy and Sicily .
  • Laserpitium siler subsp. zernyi (Hayek) Tutin (Syn .: Laserpitium zernyi Hayek) : It occurs in Albania and Macedonia .

use

The fruits of the mountain laser herb smell similar to caraway or fennel , but taste significantly more bitter and hot. They were previously used as a spice and as a medicinal plant. Because of its intense taste and its more difficult cultivation than the latter species and because it has always been rarer in the wild, it is no longer used today.

literature

  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • Rudolf Schubert , Klaus Werner, Hermann Meusel (eds.): Excursion flora for the areas of the GDR and the FRG . Founded by Werner Rothmaler. 13./14. Edition. tape 2 : vascular plants . People and knowledge, Berlin 1987, ISBN 3-06-012539-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Laserpitium siler L., Berg-Laserkraut. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ^ Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . Volume V.2. 1st edition. Munich 1926, page 1468.
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  723 .
  4. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 , p. 290.
  5. ↑ a b c d e f g Ralf Hand, 2011: Apiaceae. Datasheet Laserpitium siler In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
  6. ^ Laserpitium siler at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis

Web links

Commons : Berg-Laserkraut ( Laserpitium siler )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files