Laser herbs

This article describes the genus Laserpitium. For the plant described by Pliny the Elder, see Silphium .

Laser herbs
Broad-leaved laser herb ( Laserpitium latifolium )
Systematics
Euasterids II Order : Umbelliferae (Apiales) Family : Umbelliferae (Apiaceae) Subfamily : Apioideae Tribe : Scandiceae Genre : Laser herbs
Scientific name
Laser pit
L.

The laser herbs ( Laserpitium ) are a genus of plants in the umbelliferae family (Apiaceae).

description

Illustration of wire-haired laser herb ( Laserpitium halleri )

Floral diagram

Double-gold inflorescence of the broad-leaved laser herb ( Laserpitium latifolium )

Vegetative characteristics

Laser herb species grow as perennial herbaceous plants . The sturdy stems are not hollow and often have remnants of the petioles at their base.

The alternately arranged leaves are divided into leaf sheath, petiole and leaf blade. The well-developed leaf sheath is broad. The leaf blade is pinnate several times, usually two to three times. The shape of the leaflets can be quite different in the individual species.

Generative characteristics

The double-gold inflorescences have a large diameter and contain many white or yellowish-white flowers arranged. Both bracts and bracts are usually numerous and present on all sides, and they are narrowly lanceolate or narrowly triangular. The free bracts have membranous margins. The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope .

The two partial fruits, which are round in cross section and not flattened, have four dorsal wings, two of which are near the edge.

The basic chromosome number is x = 11.

Locations

Laser herb species mainly thrive in dry forests with sandy, highly permeable soils, on sunny forest edges or on meadows with calcareous soils .

Systematics and distribution

French laser herb ( Laserpitium gallicum )

Wire-haired laser herb ( Laserpitium halleri )

Laserpitium hispidum

Laserpitium krapfii subsp. gaudinii , herbarium copy

Mountain laser herb ( Laserpitium siler )

The genus Laserpitium was established in 1753 by Carl von Linné in Species Plantarum , Volume 1, p. 248. Type species is Laserpitium gallicum L. A synonym for Laserpitium L. is Siler Mill.

Laserpitium species occur in large parts of Europe.

There are at least 13 types of Laserpitium (selection):

• Laserpitium affine Ledeb. : It occurs in Turkey and Georgia .
• Angelica laser herb ( Laserpitium archangelica Wulf. ): It is common in eastern Central Europe and on the northern Balkan peninsula in the mountainous region.
• Laserpitium eliasii (Samp.) Sennen & Pau : It occurs on the Iberian Peninsula .
• Laserpitium emilianum Emb .: It occurs only in Morocco.
• French laser herb ( Laserpitium gallicum L. ): It occurs in the mountains of Spain , Andorra , Italy and France as well as in Sardinia and Mallorca .
• Laserpitium glaucum Post : It occurs in Turkey, Syria , Jordan and Israel .
• Wire-haired laser herb , Haller's laser herb ( Laserpitium halleri Crantz ): There are two subspecies:
  • Laserpitium halleri Crantz subsp. halleri : It thrives in the Alps in France, Switzerland , Italy and Austria .
  • Laserpitium halleri subsp. cynapiifolium (Viv. ex DC.) P. Fourn . : This endemic occurs only in Corsica .
• Laserpitium hispidum M. Bieb.
• Krapf's laser herb ( Laserpitium krapfii Cr. ): There are two subspecies:
  • Laserpitium krapfii subsp. krapfii : It occurs in Italy, Slovakia , Slovenia , Serbia , Croatia , Montenegro , Bosnia-Herzegovina , Bulgaria , Romania , Albania , Poland and the Ukraine .
  • Laserpitium krapfii subsp. gaudinii (Moretti) Thell. (Syn .: Laserpitium gaudinii Moretti ): It occurs in Switzerland , Northern Italy , Austria, Croatia , Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina .
• Broad-leaved laser herb ( Laserpitium latifolium L. ): It is common in several subspecies in Europe and Iran .
• Laserpitium longiradium Boiss. : It occurs in Spain.
• Laserpitium nestleri Soy.-Will. : It occurs in Portugal, Spain, Andorra and France.
• Shiny laser herb ( Laserpitium nitidum Zanted. ): This endemic occurs only in the Italian southern Alps between Como and Trento .
• Laserpitium ochridanum Micevski : It only occurs in Macedonia .
• Laserpitium orospedanum (Solanas & al.) Solanas & al. : It occurs in Spain.
• Laserpitium petrophilum Boiss. & Hero. : It occurs in Turkey.
• Hairline laser herb ( Laserpitium peucedanoides L. ): It occurs in the southeastern Alps of Italy, Austria, Slovenia and Croatia.
• Prussian laser herb ( Laserpitium prutenicum L. ): There are two subspecies:
  • Laserpitium prutenicum subsp. dufourianum (Rouy & Camus) Br.-Bl. : It occurs only in northwestern Spain and southwestern France.
  • Laserpitium prutenicum L. subsp. prutenicum : It is distributed in central, eastern and parts of southern Europe, but not in northwestern Spain and southwestern France.
• Laserpitium pseudomeum Boiss. : It occurs in Greece.
• Mountain laser herb ( Laserpitium siler L. ): There are about five subspecies:
  • Laserpitium siler subsp. garganicum (Ten.) Arcang. : It occurs in Sardinia , on the Balkan Peninsula, in Bulgaria and also used to occur in Italy.
  • Laserpitium siler subsp. laeve (Halácsy) Hartvig : It occurs in Greece .
  • Laserpitium siler subsp. siculum (Spreng.) Santang., F.Conti & Gubellini : It occurs in Italy including Sicily .
  • Laserpitium siler L. subsp. siler : It is widespread in the mountainous regions of southern and central Europe.
  • Laserpitium siler subsp. zernyi (Hayek) Tutin : It occurs in northeastern Albania and in Macedonia.
• Laserpitium stevenii fish. & Trautv. : It occurs in the North Caucasus and Georgia.

swell

• David Aeschimann, Konrad Lauber, Daniel Martin Moser, Jean-Paul Theurillat: Flora alpina. An atlas of all 4500 vascular plants in the Alps. Volume 1-3. Haupt Verlag, Bern, Stuttgart, Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-258-06600-0 .
• Thomas Gaskell Tutin : Laserpitium L. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1968, ISBN 0-521-06662-X , pp. 368–370 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
• Lars Fröberg: Laserpitium at FloraNordica .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Lars Fröberg: Laserpitium at FloraNordica .
2. ↑ Broad-leaved laser herb - Laserpitium latifolium. In: Dr. Christoph Greifenhagen, plants-deutschland.de. 2019, accessed October 8, 2019 . 
3. ↑ Laserpitium siler - laser herb. In: Dipl. Ing. (FH) Dirk Mann, Pflanzenreich.com. August 14, 2016, accessed October 8, 2019 . 
4. ↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
5. ^ Laserpitium at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
6. ^ Laserpitium in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
7. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y} Ralf Hand, 2011: Apiaceae. : Datasheet Laserpitium In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011.
8. ↑ ^{a b} Schmeil-Fitschen: Flora von Deutschland , 89th edition, 1993, ISBN 3-494-01210-5 .

Web links

Commons : Laserkräuter ( Laserpitium )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Thomas Meyer: Laser herb data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia ).

 Map with all linked sites: OSM | WikiMap