Bronislaw Huberman

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Bronisław Huberman
(year and photographer unknown)

Bronisław Huberman (often also: Hubermann ; born December 19, 1882 in Częstochowa , Russian Empire , † June 16, 1947 in Corsier-sur-Vevey ) was a Polish violinist . He is considered one of the most important violinists in the first half of the 20th century.

Life

Huberman, who came from a Polish-Jewish family, was considered a musical child prodigy. At the age of six he learned to play the violin and only six months later he had his first public appearances. At the age of ten he began to perfect his violin playing in Berlin with Joseph Joachim under his supervision. In 1903, at the invitation of the mayor of Genoa, Gio Batta Boraggini, he played the so-called "violin Paganinis" bequeathed to the city by Niccolò Paganini for the first time since his death in front of a select audience.

Bronislaw Huberman (left) together with Pablo Casals , Artur Schnabel and Paul Hindemith (1933)

He appeared early on on concert tours across Europe. Leopold Spielmann was a frequent piano accompanist . Huberman played a Stradivarius that his patron Count Jan Zamoyski had made available to him. He sought collaboration with other prominent artists. Together with the cellist Pablo Casals and the pianist Ignaz Friedman , he played various pieces by Ludwig van Beethoven in 1927 .

Huberman was known for his very individual interpretations of the violin literature. For him, playing the violin has always been part of the struggle for a better world. His recording of Tchaikovsky's Violin Concerto still serves as a role model, while his Mozart interpretations are more of a misunderstanding in their combative attitude.

In the political field he was a champion of the European idea and a Jewish state in Palestine . After Wilhelm Furtwängler invited Huberman to play with the Berliner Philharmoniker on June 30, 1933 , the latter responded with a letter that was published in numerous international newspapers and in which the situation in Germany stated, among other things: “In reality it is none Question of violin concertos or the Jews; the topic is the preservation of the things that our fathers achieved with blood and sacrifice, the elementary requirements of our European culture, the freedom of the individual and his unconditional personal responsibility, unhindered by the fetters of caste or race. "

In 1935 Huberman founded the Palestine Orchestra , from which the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra emerged in 1948 . By engaging many Jewish musicians, despite many bureaucratic obstacles, he saved them from the Holocaust . Together with the musicians, around one hundred families from Central Europe were saved. In 1938, under the impression of the Reichspogromnacht, Huberman pronounced a boycott of Richard Wagner's works . It has since been broken several times.

In 1936, Huberman's Stradivarius violin " Gibson " was stolen from the artist's wardrobe at Carnegie Hall . It did not reappear until 1985, when the traveling and commissioned musician Julian Altman revealed to his wife shortly before his death that he had played on this Stradivarius since 1936. The Gibson ex Huberman has been played by Joshua Bell since 2001 .

Huberman was married to the stage actress Elsa Marguérite Galafrés from 1910 to 1913 .

Works

  • Fatherland Europe. Verl. F. Cultural policy, Berlin 1932 ÖNB
  • Z warsztatu wirtuoza (From the workshop of the virtuoso. [Polish]) (Tlum. Krystyna Wesolowska.) [Illustr.]. Katowice 1964 ÖNB (first published in 1912)

literature

Movie

In 2012, New York director Josh Aronson filmed Huberman's career and in particular the founding of the “Palestine Orchestra” in the documentary “Orchestra of Exiles”. The shooting took place primarily in Germany, Israel and the USA.

Web links

Commons : Bronisław Huberman  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Huberman, Bronislav (1882-1947), violinist. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 2, Publishing House of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1959, p. 445 f. (Direct links on p. 445 , p. 446 ).
  2. ↑ Notes . In: Journal of the International Music Society . tape 10 , 1903, pp. 636 ( archive.org ).
  3. ↑ Feuilleton: Concerts. In:  Neue Freie Presse , November 19, 1928, p. 1 (online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / nfp
  4. ↑ Printed on the biographical website: www.huberman.info
  5. ↑ Jehoash Hirshberg: Visions of the East and Western Heritage. Ideological factors in the formation of an Israeli music. In: Eckhard John, Heidy Zimmermann (Hrsg.): Jewish music? External images, self-images. Böhlau, Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2004, ISBN 3-412-16803-3 , p. 175.
  6. ↑ Claus-Dieter Krohn (Ed.): Language - Identity - Culture. Women in exile. Text + criticism, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-88377-617-3 , p. 252.
  7. ↑ Wagner is still a hot topic in Israel Handelsblatt, May 20, 2013
  8. ^ Piotr Szalsza : Bronisław.xml Huberman, Bronisław. In: Oesterreichisches Musiklexikon . Online edition, Vienna 2002 ff., ISBN 3-7001-3077-5 ; Print edition: Volume 2, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-7001-3044-9 .
  9. ↑ Orchestra of Exiles in the Internet Movie Database (English)
personal data
SURNAME Huberman, Bronislaw
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish violinist
DATE OF BIRTH December 19, 1882
PLACE OF BIRTH Czestochowa
DATE OF DEATH June 16, 1947
Place of death Corsier-sur-Vevey