Brownleea

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Brownleea
Brownleea parviflora - Plate 43 in: Harry Bolus Icones Orchidearum Austro-Africanarum (1896)

Brownleea parviflora - Plate 43 in:
Harry Bolus
Icones Orchidearum Austro-Africanarum
(1896)

Systematics
Order : Asparagales (Asparagales)
Family : Orchids (orchidaceae)
Subfamily : Orchidoideae
Tribe : Diseae
Sub tribus : Brownleeinae
Genre : Brownleea
Scientific name of the  sub-tribus
Brownleeinae
HPLinder & Kurzweil
Scientific name of the  genus
Brownleea
Harv. ex Lindl.
Distribution map of the genus Brownleea

Brownleea is a genus from the family of the orchid (Orchidaceae). The seven species come from Africa and Madagascar. They are small, perennial , herbaceous plants. The genus Brownleea forms its own subtribe Brownleeinae.

description

The terrestrial or occasionally epiphytic growing plants reach heights of five to 60 cm. They arise from a hairy tuber. The sprout above the tuber is initially covered by a few brown lower leaves, followed by one or more leaves . These are oval to linear in shape, up to 22 cm long, with a few protruding leaf veins.

The stem axis continues above the leaves as a racemose inflorescence . The flowers are loosely spaced or densely packed. They are white or pink to purple and measure five to 30 mm in diameter. Three petals - the dorsal sepal and the lateral petals - adhere to each other and form a cap over the flower. The dorsal sepal has a spur 5 to 50 mm long. The lateral sepals are elliptical and flat, they replace the lip in their visual effect , this petal is only rudimentary and measures 0.1 to 2 mm. The scar sits at the base of the short column . The stamen contains two granular pollinia , each of which is attached to an adhesive disc (Viscidium). There are two staminodes to the side of the stamen . The separating tissue between the stigma and the stamen is large and bilobed, with each lobe bearing one of the viscidia. A third, middle lobe is only pronounced in Brownleea caerulea . The elongated cylindrical capsule fruit is ribbed lengthways.

distribution

The species of the genus Brownleea are native to tropical and southern subtropical Africa and Madagascar. Most species come from higher lying, relatively well-supplied grasslands. Brownleea caerulea and Brownleea maculata occur in the undergrowth of forests.

Systematics and botanical history

The genus Brownleea was established by Lindley in 1842 . Type species is Brownleea parviflora . The name Brownleea honors the Scottish missionary John Brownlee (1791 - 1871), who sent plants from South Africa to Harvey . Due to their isolated position within the tribe Diseae , Linder and Kurzweil set up their own subtribe Brownleeinae in 1994, which only contains this genus.

There are seven different types:

See also

literature

  • Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (Eds.): Genera Orchidacearum. Orchidoideae (Part one) . tape 2 . Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford 2001, ISBN 0-19-850710-0 , pp. 17-19 .
  • Isobyl la Croix, Phillip Cribb: Orchidaceae . In: Flora Zambesiaca . tape 11 , part 1, 1995 ( kew.org ).
  • H. Perrier de la Bathie: Orchidées . In: Flore de Madagascar et des Comores . Family 49, part 1, 1939, p. 174 ( botanicus.org ).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Alec M. Pridgeon, Phillip Cribb, Mark W. Chase, Finn Rasmussen (eds.): Genera Orchidacearum . Vol. 2, pp. 17-19.
  2. ↑ a b Isobyl la Croix, Phillip Cribb: Orchidaceae . In: Flora Zambesiaca . Vol. 11, part 1.
  3. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Brownleea. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved July 8, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Brownleea  - album with pictures, videos and audio files