Rappelstein Castle
| Rappelstein Castle | ||
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 Rappelstein castle ruins |
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| Alternative name (s): | Nordenau Castle, Norderna Castle | |
| Creation time : | around 1000 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, location | |
| Conservation status: | Bergfriedrest | |
| Standing position : | Counts, clericals | |
| Place: | Schmallenberg - Nordenau | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 10 ′ 30 " N , 8 ° 25 ′ 29" E | |
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The ruins of Burg Rappelstein (former Burg Nordenau or Burg Norderna ) are located in Schmallenberg in the district of Nordenau in the Hochsauerlandkreis in North Rhine-Westphalia .
history
The ruins of the Höhenburg Nordenau are located on a rock, the so-called Rappelstein, in the center of Nordenau. Nordenau Castle, whose original name was Norderna Castle, was built by the noblemen of Grafschaft on the old Heidenstrasse Cologne - Kassel around 1200. The noble family of Grascap, the former name, owned by folk traditions probably already around 1000 on the Wilzenberg at county a Wallenburg . After the castle was built, the noble lords of Grafschaft also moved their headquarters to Nordenau. As hereditary guardians of the Grafschaft monastery , they still exercised bailiff authority over the area around Grafschaft.
As the highest castle in Westphalia, Nordenau Castle was situated in a tactically important location. The Grafschafter noble lords and brothers Kraft and Widekind von Grafschaft sold the castle to Count Otto von Waldeck on February 14, 1298 . Otto then gave them back the castle as a fiefdom, subject to conditions. The time of the Waldeck partial rule over the castle and its property began with the acquisition. The financial situation of the Grafschafter noblemen did not improve in the following years. After the Waldeckers tried to oust Kraft's widow Agnes from her share in the castle, the Archbishop of Cologne , Walram , came to her aid. From 1343 on there were long disputes between Cologne and Waldeck. There were significant battles for the castle. The fortress was temporarily besieged. In 1364 an agreement was reached. The castle subsequently became the property of the Archbishop and the Count of Waldeck. In 1471 the noble family von Grascaps acquired a castle in Ober-Ense . Nordenau Castle fell into disrepair since then. The von Grascaps family died out in 1572.
Digs
From 1919 the first efforts were made to excavate the castle ruins. Later there were also efforts to save the remains of the tower from decay. During this time, however, a hobby archaeologist found a Hanseatic shell in the Rappelstein ruins during excavations. The Hanseschale from Nordenau is a roughly 25 cm flat Bonze dish, in the middle of which there is the inscription SUR ERBIA and the image of a female person with a crown. The Hanseatic Shell has been owned by the LWL State Museum for Art and Cultural History in Münster since 1927 .
In the following years, efforts intensified to carry out additional scientific excavations at the castle ruins and to secure the ruins. This was only realized in 1967/68, when the keep was partially rebuilt by the municipality and the monument authorities and investigations took place. During the investigation, shards of vessels, a crossbow and a coin from the Duchy of Westphalia from the 14th century were found. The wood of the tower was subjected to a dendrochronological analysis (using annual rings in the wood). As a result, the castle tower was built between 1085 and 1110.
additional
The keep now serves as a viewing platform with a view of Nordenau, the Nesselbachtal and the surrounding mountains of the Sauerland .
literature
- Jens Friedhoff: Sauerland and Siegerland. Theiss Castle Guide . Edited by Joachim Zeune . Theiss, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8062-1706-8 , pp. 110-111.
- Carl P. Kopp , Ulrich Friedrich Kopp : About the constitution of the secret courts in Westphalia - Johann von Grafschaff leaves half of his castle in Nordena to Waldeck , p. 500 ff. Göttingen, JC Dieterich, 1794, (online at Google Books)
- Egon Peifer: The Nordenau Castle. A ground monument of the city of Schmallenberg . In: Schieferbergbau-Museum Schmallenberg (Ed.): Schmallenberger Sauerland Almanach 1990, ZDB -ID 1026570-3 , pp. 123-129.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ulrich Bockshammer: Older Territorialgeschichte der Grafschaft Waldeck , p. 126, NG Elwertsche, 1958
- ^ Heinrich Schauerte: Nordenau im Sauerland , Fredeburg, 1960
- ↑ History of Oberense Castle, accessed on August 13, 2010 ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Rappelstein castle ruins on the website of the Nordenau Touristik eV
