Schladen Castle

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Access to the domain courtyard with a bridge over the Weddebach

The castle Schladen was a medieval pin hilde domestic fortress in Schladen , Wolfenbüttel . The facility, which has been rebuilt and converted many times, is now called the Schladen domain .

history

Stylized representation of the castle on the grave slab of Bishop Heinrich III. († 1363)

The Royal Palace of Werla on the Middle Oker , built after 900, included a Curtis Werla farmyard located about two kilometers up the Oker between Oker and Weddebach . Emperor Heinrich IV gave this estate to Bishop Udo von Hildesheim (ruled 1079–1114) in 1086 . Udo had the Curtis on the eastern border of his diocese expanded into a castle - new buildings were probably built on the Sellhof opposite for management purposes  - and gave it under the new name Castrum Scladheim in 1110 as a fiefdom to Eiko von Dorstadt . From 1175 onwards, his descendants called themselves Counts of Schladen . They strove to convert the fief into inheritance. In the Herlingsberg War of 1291/92 they sided with Heinrich I of Braunschweig against Bishop Siegfried II. He had to besiege and conquer Schladen Castle. The conflict ended in a settlement .

In 1354, Albrecht von Schladen, the last of the family, sold the castle with all rights and accessories to Bishop Heinrich III. and the Hildesheim Monastery . In the following period it was often pawned . During the great feud between Bishop Berthold II. And the cathedral chapter on the one hand and the city of Hildesheim and its allies on the other hand, Schladen castle and office were devastated by Braunschweig and Goslar troops in 1485. In the Hildesheim collegiate feud , the castle was taken without a fight by Heinrich II of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel and afterwards, large parts of the monastery territory remained in Guelph ownership. In the course of the Reformation disputes , the castle was conquered in 1542 and burned down in 1552. But as early as 1563, Duke Julius lived in the restored buildings for a long time.

During the Thirty Years' War , Wallenstein captured Schladen Castle on January 8, 1626 and took up quarters there. He had a meeting with Tilly there on January 11th . In July 1626 the castle was captured by Danish troops. Christian IV of Denmark moved there on July 27th . After the Battle of Lutter in August 1626, the castle was again in the hands of the imperial family until it was conquered by Swedish troops in 1631.

In 1643, after a long imperial process, the territorial changes resulting from the monastery feud were reversed, and Schladen returned to the Hildesheim Monastery with most of the territory lost in 1523. In the meantime the Lutheran Reformation had been carried out in these areas and the medieval parish church of the village of Schladen and the majority of the population were (and remained) Protestant. The castle was occupied by Catholic administrators as the episcopal court. A Catholic church was set up in the buildings as the center of the Catholic official parish . Further construction work was carried out in the late 17th and 18th centuries.

With the secularization of the ecclesiastical principalities in 1802, Schladen Castle with the associated arable and pasture land became a state domain . In 1837 a fire damaged large parts of the building stock.

building

Tenant house, former chapel

The original castle complex had roughly the shape of a right-angled , isosceles triangle , the base of which ran parallel to the Weddebach and the tip of which pointed east towards the Oker. It was surrounded by moats that are now dry, but some of them are still clearly visible.

Only remnants of medieval masonry are preserved in today's buildings. The rudiments of a free-standing round tower ( keep ) were demolished in 1848. In addition to the high and elongated dairy building rubble stone with Baroque bell skylights , which occupies the most of the West flank, especially the East Angles Pächterhaus on importance; the stone basement shows Renaissance forms from the 17th century, the upper floor is half-timbered .

The chapel of the Catholic parish was located in the tenant house until 1867. It was replaced in 1864–1867 by the new church on the vineyard . The baroque statue of Nepomuk , which had previously stood on the gate bridge, was moved there in 1869 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Domain Schladen (formerly episcopal castle)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Adoption of the Schladen local historian Franz Kaufmann
  2. ↑ There was no “ Grafschaft Schladen”.
  3. ↑ Sketch at Sternal

Coordinates: 52 ° 1 ′ 25.9 ″  N , 10 ° 32 ′ 27.6 ″  E