Toelz Castle

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Toelz Castle
Engraving by Tölz by Matthäus Merian (1644): Left in front of the church remains of the castle. On the right of the picture you can see the new castle, which was later expanded into a palace and collapsed in 1770.

Engraving by Tölz by Matthäus Merian (1644): Left in front of the church remains of the castle. On the right of the picture you can see the new castle , which was later expanded into a palace and collapsed in 1770.

Creation time : around 1180
Castle type : Hilltop castle
Conservation status: Burgstall
Place: Bad Tölz
Geographical location 47 ° 45 '37.5 "  N , 11 ° 33' 35.3"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 45 '37.5 "  N , 11 ° 33' 35.3"  E
Tölz Castle (Bavaria)
Toelz Castle

The castle Tolz is an Outbound high medieval hilltop castle on a projection of the Isar shore above the Isar border, below and on the site of today's parish church in Bad Tolz in Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen in Bavaria .

The castle was built by Heinrich von Tollenz around 1180 . In 1262 the Capella Töllntz is mentioned as a church building on a castle area. With Gebhart, the Tölz family died out in 1265 and the place fell to the Wittelsbach family. Their precarious financial circumstances prompted Duke Rudolph on August 5, 1300 to lease the market and castle to Freising. In this context, the “Purch zu Tollenz with the march underneath” was mentioned for the first time in concrete terms, even though it had existed for over a hundred years.

Tölz in 1590 by Carl August Lebschée (1867), based on a fresco by Hans Donauer the Elder from around 1590, remains of the castle in front of the church

The castle complex, lying above the Gries, included the site of today's parish church of the Assumption of Mary . This led city chronicler Georg Westermayer to suspect that the tower of the city parish church was once the keep of the castle. In terms of city topography, the church still refers to the oldest district of Gries, and not to Marktstrasse, which was built according to plan in the course of the 13th century and separates several groups of houses from one another.

Both the ceiling fresco by Hans Donauer in the Munich Antiquarium (1590) and the engravings by Matthäus Merian (1644) and Anton Wilhelm Ertl show a massive, fort-like building in front of the parish church that belonged to the castle, probably a defense tower or the keep.

Detail of the painting in the St. Stephan chapel in Mörlbach from approx. 1490. Was originally called Eurasburg , but historians clearly identified it as Tölz, whereby the Eurasburg rulers had family ties to Tölz.

In 1453, the castle was destroyed in a devastating city fire, the "Great Fire". In the period from 1690 to 1700 further remains were broken off. In the remaining fortified tower, Michael Weithmann sees the crypt chapel, which was available to the population as a replacement church until the town parish church was completed in 1490. When Michael Wening (1701) no longer visible, so the castle tower was probably removed in the second half of the 17th century. Its basement existed until 1801, according to other sources, in 1810. When the boys' school was built in 1828, what was supposed to be masonry in the castle, some with loopholes, was found . Weithmann, however, contradicts this, stating that the masonry did not come from the 16th and 17th centuries. That Albrecht III. made the ruins available to the population was simply because he no longer attached any importance to his "smoke-blackened" castle and had the Princely Palace built on a northern mountain spur above Marktstrasse by 1460 .

The claim, sometimes made, that the late Gothic vaulted cellar, built over in the 17th century with the Metzgerbräu, in today's Klammergasse, was the last remaining remnant of the castle, is wrong. Built in the late 15th century, the vault is much too young for the high medieval castle complex.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Knights and Castles in Upper Bavaria; Bayerland publishing house; Michael Weithmann; 1999; Page 102
  2. ↑ Stephan Bammer: A short history of Bad Tölz. City of Bad Tölz (ed.), 2017, p. 14
  3. ↑ Knights and Castles in Upper Bavaria; Bayerland publishing house; Michael Weithmann; 1999; Page 102
  4. ↑ Knights and Castles in Upper Bavaria; Bayerland publishing house; Michael Weithmann; 1999; Page 102
  5. ↑ The Chronicle of Tölz; Publishing house Günther Aehlig; Georg Westermayer ; 3rd edition 1976; Page 44
  6. ↑ Stephan Bammer: A short history of Bad Tölz. City of Bad Tölz (ed.), 2017, p. 40
  7. ↑ Monuments in Bavaria: Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district; Karl M. Lipp-Verlag; Georg Paula, Angelika Wegener-Hüssen; 1994; Page 55
  8. ↑ The Chronicle of Tölz; Publishing house Günther Aehlig; Georg Westermayer; 3rd edition 1976; Page 44
  9. ↑ Knights and Castles in Upper Bavaria; Bayerland publishing house; Michael Weithmann; 1999; Page 102

Web links

  • Entry on Tölz Castle in the private database "Alle Burgen".