Hohenburg (Lenggries)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hohenburg
Copper engraving of Hohenburg by Michael Wening (1701)

Copper engraving of Hohenburg by Michael Wening (1701)

Alternative name (s): Hochenburg
Creation time : around 1100
Castle type : Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status: Wall remains, ramparts, part of a tower
Place: Lenggries
Geographical location 47 ° 40 ′ 19 "  N , 11 ° 35 ′ 30"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 40 ′ 19 "  N , 11 ° 35 ′ 30"  E
Height: 780  m above sea level NHN
Hohenburg (Bavaria)
Hohenburg

The Hohenburg (formerly also Hochenburg ) is the ruin of a hilltop castle near the town of Lenggries in the Isarwinkel in Bavaria . This castle was once the most important center of power in the region, until it was destroyed in a devastating fire on July 21, 1707. Today ruins herald the former glory of this fortress.

history

The castle was first mentioned in documents around 1100 and for centuries it was the most important center of power in the Isarwinkel . At the foot of the castle, a settlement of raftsmen and craftsmen developed, today's Lenggries .

The castle on a hill on the Hirschbach originally belonged to the Lords of Thann, at the end of the 12th century it came into the possession of the Lords of Tölz and in 1262 to the Wittelsbach family . From 1294 this castle was owned by the Lords of Egling . They were followed in 1396 by the Lords of Maxlrain , who carried out a major renovation and expansion from 1410 to 1420. In 1522 the stately castle came into the possession of the Schellenberg family. In 1566 Dionys von Schellenberg finally sold the castle and court to his nephew Hanns Paul Herwarth, who owned the castle and Hofmark Hohenburg until 1800. Until the middle of the 16th century the Hohenburg remained a fortified castle without the character of a castle. From 1570 redesigns began that changed the appearance of the castle and gave it a more homely, castle-like look (a so-called castle castle ).

In 1705, Lenggries and the castle were the focus of the Bavarian popular uprising , as the first resistance against the Austrian occupiers was organized here. This uprising found its tragic end in the Sendlinger Murder Christmas .

During the War of the Spanish Succession , Austrian troops occupied the castle, and on July 21, 1707 it was completely destroyed in a fire that started for unknown reasons. Within an hour, the great fire covered the entire castle. Judge Mayr's fire report to Count Herwarth said:

“Due to carelessness or malevolence on the part of drunk soldiers, no details can be found in the files, the large hall, which the soldiers used as barracks, went up in flames on Thursday, July 21 at around 10 o'clock. The fire spread incredibly quickly. The hussars made noise when the fire broke out, but quietly left the castle, camped by the pond and watched the fire with sneer. "

The lieutenant of the Austrian hussars denied the allegations that his men were to blame for the fire. Rather, he noted that the chimney in the hall was clogged and poorly cleaned, which in his opinion had caused the fire. However, after questioning numerous witnesses, it turned out that the fire had not started from this fireplace.

Most of the castle was then removed and the stones were installed in the Lenggries parish church of St. Jakobus and the new Hohenburg Castle , which was built around 300 m to the west. Although a considerable part of the ruins remained, the work of destruction on tall trees caused considerable damage over the centuries and further damaged the masonry.

Current condition

Over the centuries, the last remains of the ruins fell into disrepair. The entire hill was overgrown and is still completely forested today. It was only in the course of the 20th century that romantics and monument conservationists became aware of the castle, who set themselves the goal of stopping the further decline of the ruins. Part of a tower, numerous ramparts and wall remains, as well as a well shaft are still preserved today .

In 2007, on the occasion of the 300th anniversary of the castle's destruction, the Lenggries local history museum hosted a permanent exhibition on Hohenburg, organized by the castle association founded in 2003 . The castle ruins and the hill were also measured with lasers and geotechnically examined by geodesists from the Bundeswehr University in Neubiberg from 2004 to 2006 . To this end, the castle association also carried out a Ramadama (Bavarian for "organized clean-up"), felled 24 trees to bring the ruins back to their best advantage. The Hohenburg is now the first castle in Bavaria from which a virtual representation was created due to the surveying technology.

  • Ascent to the castle

  • Hohenburg castle ruins near Lengries b.jpg

  • "Fear hole"

  • Stübelturm (infill masonry)

literature

  • Stephan Bammer: The sinking of the Hohenburg . In: Hey who sing so beautifully in it . Self-published, Lenggries 2007, ISBN 3-000217-37-1 .
  • Georg Paula , Angelika Wegener-Hüssen: Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria . Volume I.5 ). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 1994, ISBN 3-87490-573-X , p. 387 .
  • Jochem Ulrich: The castle above the village. 700 years of Hohenburg . 2001/2007, ISBN 3-924439-00-1 .
  • Michael W. Weithmann: Inventory of the castles of Upper Bavaria . 3rd revised and expanded edition. Published by the District of Upper Bavaria, Munich 1995, pp. 190–193.
  • Michael Weithmann: No romance in the narrow residential tower: castles in the Isarwinkel . In: Knights and Castles in Upper Bavaria. Forays into the medieval country between the Alps, Danube, Lech and Salzach . Bayerland, Dachau 1999, ISBN 3-89251-276-0 .
  • Werner Meyer : Castles in Upper Bavaria - A manual . Verlag Weidlich, Würzburg 1986, ISBN 3-8035-1279-4 , p. 41-43 .

Web links